Short-course-based TNT with or without PD-1 inhibitor for pMMR locally advanced rectal cancer: Phase 2 results of a randomized trial (STELLAR II).

Background: The therapeutic efficacy and mode of combining immunotherapy with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in proficient mismatch repair (pMMR)/microsatellite stable (MSS) locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remain uncertain.

Methods: In this multicenter, randomized, seamless phase 2/3 trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05484024), eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive short-course radiotherapy (SCRT) (5 Gy × 5), followed by 4 cycles of capecitabine and oxaliplatin or 6 cycles of leucovorin, oxaliplatin, and fluorouracil, with (iTNT group) or without (total neoadjuvant therapy [TNT] group) 4 cycles of sintilimab.

Prevalence and Prognostic Differences Between Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity in Heart Failure.

Evidence directly comparing sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in hospitalized heart failure (HF) patients, especially in young and middle-aged individuals, remains limited. This study aimed to (1) investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, and (2) compare their prognostic impacts on adverse outcomes to identify protective body composition phenotypes. The findings are hypothesized to provide new perspectives on the HF obesity paradox.

[The Integration of Recovery Educators Into Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Education].

Background: Stigma negatively affects the recovery of and care quality received by people with mental illnesses as well as the mental health of the entire population. As part of global anti-stigma trends, the teaching strategy of introducing recovered patients into classroom settings as "recovery educators" has been increasingly accepted and adopted. This strategy is designed to improve student attitudes toward mental illness while promoting self-identity and sense of value in recovered patients.

Quality of Life and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Receiving Total Neoadjuvant Therapy Versus Concurrent Chemoradiation Therapy: An Analysis of the STELLAR Trial.

Purpose: To explore differences in the effects of total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) and preoperative concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) on quality of life and functional outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Methods And Materials: In the study, 591 patients with distal or middle-third, clinical primary tumor stage cT3 to 4 and/or regional lymph node-positive rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive short-term radiation therapy (25 Gy in 5 fractions) followed by 4 cycles of CAPOX (TNT group, n = 297) or standard CRT (50 Gy in 25 fractions concurrently with oral capecitabine) (CRT group, n = 294) before surgery. After a 6-year follow-up, the surviving patients were sent surveys, including the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ)-C30, EORTC QLQ-CR29, and Wexner incontinence score questionnaires.

Function of Nodulation-Associated GmNARK Kinase in Soybean Alkali Tolerance.

Soybean () is a vital crop that is rich in high-quality protein and edible oil for human nutrition and agriculture. Saline-alkali stress, a severe environmental challenge, significantly limits soybean productivity. In this study, we found that the nodule receptor kinase GmNARK enhances soybean tolerance to alkali stress besides nodulation.

Analysis of linear accelerator-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy in brain metastases: efficacy, safety, and dose tolerances.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of linear accelerator-based fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (LINAC-FSRT) in patients with brain metastases (BM).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 214 patients treated with LINAC-FSRT, categorized based on biologically effective dose (BED10, / = 10) into two groups (≤55 Gy, >55 Gy). Stratified analyses were conducted based on targeted therapy to compare survival outcomes.

Construction of a prognostic model based on cuproptosis-related genes and exploration of the value of DLAT and DLST in the metastasis for non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: To reveal the clinical value of cuproptosis-related genes on prognosis and metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Methods: Gene expression profiles and clinical information of non-small cell lung cancer were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The data were grouped into training set, internal testing set, and external testing set.

The Role of Trait Emotional Intelligence in Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms After Radiotherapy in Lung Cancer Patients with Brain Metastases.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association of trait emotional intelligence (TEI), anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QoL) in lung cancer individuals with brain metastases receiving radiotherapy.

Methods: A total of 289 individuals with brain metastases from lung cancer after radiotherapy participated. Data were collected from October 2018 to December 2022.

A High-Resolution Time Reversal Method for Target Localization in Reverberant Environments.

Reverberation in real environments is an important factor affecting the high resolution of target sound source localization (SSL) methods. Broadband low-frequency signals are common in real environments. This study focuses on the localization of this type of signal in reverberant environments.

When covalent organic frameworks meet zeolites: Enhancing rhodamine B removal through the synergy in the emerging organic-inorganic nanoadsorbents.

The development of new porous materials has attracted intense attention as adsorbents for removing pollutants from wastewater. However, pure inorganic and organic porous materials confront various problems in purifying the wastewater. In this work, we integrated a covalent organic framework (TpPa-1) with an inorganic zeolite (TS-1) for the first time via a solvothermal method to fabricate new-type nanoadsorbents.

Interventions to improve social network in older people with sensory impairment: a systematic review.

Background: Sensory impairment significantly reduces speech discrimination and perception ability, presenting a challenge to effective communication. It can lead to social withdrawal and a reduced social network which can lead to cognitive impairment, seriously affecting the quality of life of older people. However, it is unclear which intervention components are effective to improving social network in older people with sensory impairment.

Toxic effects of nanopolystyrene and cadmium on the intestinal tract of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis).

Nanopolystyrene (NP) and cadmium (Cd) are ubiquitous contaminants in aquatic systems. The present study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of exposure to ambient concentrations of NP and/or Cd on the intestinal tract of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). Exposure to NP and/or Cd induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by a significant increase in lipid peroxide content (LPO), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and peroxidase activity (POD), and significant decreases in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) activities in E.

Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analysis Provides Insights into the Sodium Bicarbonate Responsiveness of .

Sodium bicarbonate stress caused by NaHCO is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production worldwide. However, little attention has been given to the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to sodium bicarbonate stress. To understand phosphorylation events in signaling pathways triggered by sodium bicarbonate stress, TMT-labeling-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses were performed on soybean leaf and root tissues under 50 mM NaHCO treatment.

The mechanism of monobutyl phthalate -induced ferroptosis via TNF/IL6/STAT3 signal pathway in TM-3 cells.

As a common environmental endocrine disruptor, monobutyl phthalate (MBP) has been connected to reports of ROS accumulation, sperm destruction and reproductive damage. However, the specific mechanism of reproductive injury caused by MBP remains uncertain. Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic, controlled oxidative damage-related cell death that is usually connected with reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation.

Targeting ovarian cancer stem cells: a new way out.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological malignancy due to tumor heterogeneity, the lack of reliable early diagnosis methods and the high incidence of chemoresistant recurrent disease. Although there are developments in chemotherapies and surgical techniques to improve the overall survival of OC patients, the 5-year survival of advanced OC patients is still low. To improve the prognosis of OC patients, it is important to search for novel therapeutic approaches.

Abnormal sleep features in adolescent MDD and its potential in diagnosis and prediction of early efficacy.

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that abnormal sleep architectures are the important indicator for diagnosing MDD and predicting the efficacy of antidepressants. However, few studies have focused specifically on adolescents.

Objective: To explore the relationship between abnormal sleep features, including PSG parameters and scale evaluation, and the onset of adolescent MDD, as well as early SSRIs efficacy.

A sludge bulking wastewater treatment plant with an oxidation ditch-denitrification filter in a cold region: bacterial community composition and antibiotic resistance genes.

Bacterial community structure of activated sludge directly affects the stable operation of WWTPS, and these bacterial communities may carry a variety of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which is a threat to the public health. This study employed 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing to investigate the bacterial community composition and the ARGs in a sludge bulking oxidation ditch-denitrification filter WWTP in a cold region. The results showed that Trichococcus (20.

[Bacterial Community Structure and Antibiotic Resistance Gene Changes in IFAS+Magnetic Coagulation Process Wastewater Treatment Plant in Cold Regions].

The main objective of this study was to explore the changes in bacterial communities and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in an integrated fixed-film activated sludge (IFAS)+magnetic coagulation process wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Xinjiang. The bacterial communities and ARGs in the influent, suspended activated sludge, attached biofilm, and effluent were studied using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that the average relative abundances of Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae in activated sludge were 3.

Source Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution Using UNMIX and PMF Models in Soils along the Shuimo River in Urumqi, China.

Eight kinds of heavy metals in soil within 0-2 km from the banks of Shuimo River in Urumqi were analyzed by using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and national standard detection methods. Unmix and PMF models are comprehensively used to analyze potential pollutant sources and contribution rates. Soil samples are sampled in three layers of 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm, and each group of sample points in each layer is 5 m, 1 km, and 2 km away from the riverbank, respectively.

Improved AlexNet with Inception-V4 for Plant Disease Diagnosis.

Timely disease detection and pest treatment are key issues in modern agricultural production, especially in large-scale crop agriculture. However, it is very time and effort-consuming to identify plant diseases manually. This paper proposes a deep learning model for agricultural crop disease identification based on AlexNet and Inception-V4.

Chemical identification of an active component and putative neural mechanism for repellent effect of a native ant's odor on invasive species.

The invasive Argentine ants () and the red imported fire ants () constitute a worldwide threat, causing severe disruption to ecological systems and harming human welfare. In view of the limited success of current pest control measures, we propose here to employ repellents as means to mitigate the effect of these species. We demonstrate that cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) used as nestmate-recognition pheromone in the Japanese carpenter ant (), and particularly its ()-9-tricosene component, induced vigorous olfactory response and intense aversion in these invasive species.