A Comparative Study of Transfection Techniques for Genetic Modification in Chicken Primordial Germ Cells.

Avian species possess a distinct reproductive system that differs fundamentally from mammals, resulting in relatively slower progress in transgenic poultry research compared to mammalian models. Primordial germ cells (PGCs), as the precursors to functional gametes, provide a promising avenue for the utilization of genetic resources and the application of transgenesis in chickens. However, the transfection of chicken PGCs remains challenging due to the low efficiency of conventional methods.

Valorizing Industrial and Agricultural Wastes into a High-Performance Composite for Remediation of Heavy Metal-contaminated Tailing Sands.

The mismanagement of industrial and agricultural wastes, such as hyperalkaline red mud (RM) and mangosteen shells (MS), poses significant environmental challenges. This study introduces a sustainable strategy to repurpose these wastes into an activated red mud-mangosteen shell composite (ARM-MS) for heavy metal immobilization in tailing sands. RM was chemically activated (ARM) and synergistically combined with pyrolyzed MS to enhance structural and adsorptive properties.

Phosphorylation of Wild Soybean (Glycine soja) Splicing Factor GsSCL30a by GsSnRK1 Regulates Soybean Tolerance to Alkali Stress.

Pre-mRNA splicing is a fundamental process in plant gene expression, and the resulting transcripts may play significant roles in plant development and responses to environmental changes. Wild soybean (Glycine soja), as a close relative of cultivated soybean (Glycine max), has excellent traits such as alkali tolerance and is an ideal material for mining stress-resistant genes. Previous phosphoproteomic analysis identified SR protein GsSCL30a as a potential phosphorylation substrate of GsSnRK1 kinase.

Neuraminidase Inhibitory Constituents From Artemisia rupestris L.

Artemisia rupestris L. has been utilized as a traditional Uygur herb for the treatment of colds and fevers. In this study, six novel compounds, including three sesquiterpenoids (1-3), a thiophene (4), an acetylenic spiroketal enol ether (5), and a chromone glycoside (6), along with 20 known compounds (7-26), were successfully isolated from the entire plant of the herb.

Alterations of gut microbiota for the onset and treatment of psoriasis: A systematic review.

Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent and systemic inflammatory skin disease which is mediated by immunoreaction. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial, and the exact driving factor remains unclear. Recent studies showed that gut microbiota, which maintain immune homeostasis of our bodies, is closely related with occurrence, development and prognosis of psoriasis.

Supraspinal facilitation of painful stimuli by glutamatergic innervation from the retrosplenial to the anterior cingulate cortex.

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is recognized as a pivotal cortical region involved in the perception of pain. The retrosplenial cortex (RSC), located posterior to the ACC, is known to play a significant role in navigation and memory processes. Although the projections from the RSC to the ACC have been found, the specifics of the synaptic connections and the functional implications of the RSC-ACC projections remain less understood.

Extracellular vesicles from a novel strain suppress inflammation and promote M2 macrophage polarization.

Background: ( is known for its probiotic properties, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Recent studies have highlighted the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) from prokaryotic cells in anti-inflammatory effects.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of extracellular vesicles derived from a newly isolated strain of (LP25 strain) and their role in macrophage polarization.

Increased GluK1 Subunit Receptors in Corticostriatal Projection from the Anterior Cingulate Cortex Contributed to Seizure-Like Activities.

The corticostriatal connection plays a crucial role in cognitive, emotional, and motor control. However, the specific roles and synaptic transmissions of corticostriatal connection are less studied, especially the corticostriatal transmission from the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Here, a direct glutamatergic excitatory synaptic transmission in the corticostriatal projection from the ACC is found.

High-pressure synthesis of A-site ordered perovskite PbMn(CrMn)O with long-range antiferromagnetic ordering and a spin glass transition.

An AA'BO-type perovskite oxide PbMn(CrMn)O was synthesized by high-pressure solid-state reactions at 8 GPa and 1373 K. Synchrotron X-ray diffraction shows a cubic crystal structure with the space group 3̄. The charge states are verified by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to be PbMn(CrMnMn)O, where the Pb and Mn are 1 : 3 ordered respectively at A and A' sites, while the Cr, Mn and Mn are disorderly distributed at the B site.

TGFB1 stimulates the proliferation of quiescent oogonial stem cells in chicken.

In Brief: Oogonial stem cells in the adult ovary can generate oocytes, but they are usually quiescent. TGFB1 is key in stimulating the proliferation of OSC, thereby ensuring the sustained reproductive potential in poultry species.

Abstract: Oogonial stem cells (OSCs) are a type of germ stem cell present in the adult ovary.

Advances in lymphatic metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer.

Lung cancer is a deeply malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality. Despite the rapid development of diagnosis and treatment technology, abundant patients with lung cancer are still inevitably faced with recurrence and metastasis, contributing to death. Lymphatic metastasis is the first step of distant metastasis and an important prognostic indicator of non-small cell lung cancer.

A multiplex RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a-based POCT technique and its application in human papillomavirus (HPV) typing assay.

Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is the primary and initiating factor for cervical cancer. With over 200 identified HPV types, including 14 high-risk types that integrate into the host cervical epithelial cell DNA, early determination of HPV infection type is crucial for effective risk stratification and management. Presently, on-site immediate testing during the HPV screening stage, known as Point of Care Testing (POCT), remains immature, severely limiting the scope and scenarios of HPV screening.

Quantitative Phosphoproteomic Analysis Provides Insights into the Sodium Bicarbonate Responsiveness of .

Sodium bicarbonate stress caused by NaHCO is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production worldwide. However, little attention has been given to the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to sodium bicarbonate stress. To understand phosphorylation events in signaling pathways triggered by sodium bicarbonate stress, TMT-labeling-based quantitative phosphoproteomic analyses were performed on soybean leaf and root tissues under 50 mM NaHCO treatment.

Evaluation the injectability of injectable microparticle delivery systems on the basis of injection force and discharged rate.

Background: Subcutaneous injection of biopharmaceutical agents or microparticles is challenging due to issues with low injection efficiency and high residual amounts.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the important factors affecting the injectability of microparticle delivery systems, establish a suitable injection system with lower injection force and higher discharge rate, and eventually develop a reliable injectability evaluation system for injectable microparticle delivery systems in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The effects of various parameters, including particle size, injection speed, concentration of microspheres suspension, vehicle viscosity, needle length and gauge were evaluated by measuring the injection force and discharge rate.

Current Progress and Outlook for Agrimonolide: A Promising Bioactive Compound from Ledeb.

Agrimonolide (AM), which is a derivative of isocoumarins, is found mainly in the herb Ledeb. This compound is highly lipophilic and readily crosses the blood-brain barrier. In recent years, interest has grown in the use of AM as a multitarget natural treatment for various diseases, such as cancer, inflammation, hepatic injury, myocardial damage, and diabetes mellitus.

Inhibiting neuronal AC1 for treating anxiety and headache in the animal model of migraine.

Migraines are a common medical condition. From a basic science point of view, the central mechanism for migraine and headache is largely unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that cortical excitatory transmission is significantly enhanced in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)-a brain region which is critical for pain perception.

The Synchronized Progression from Mitosis to Meiosis in Female Primordial Germ Cells between Layers and Broilers.

Layer and broiler hens show a dramatic difference in the volume and frequency of egg production. However, it is unclear whether the intrinsic competency of oocyte generation is also different between the two types of chicken. All oocytes were derived from the primordial germ cells (PGC) in the developing embryo, and female PGC proliferation (mitosis) and the subsequent differentiation (meiosis) determine the ultimate ovarian pool of germ cells available for future ovulation.

Changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate/glutamine levels in the right thalamus of patients with episodic and chronic migraine: A proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

Objective: To explore gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) levels in the right thalamus of patients with episodic migraine (EM) and chronic migraine (CM) and their effects on the chronification of migraine.

Background: Migraine affects approximately 1 billion people worldwide, with 2.5%-3% of people with EM progressing to CM each year.

Recent development of analytical methods for disease-specific protein -GlcNAcylation.

The enzymatic modification of protein serine or threonine residues by -acetylglucosamine, namely -GlcNAcylation, is a ubiquitous post-translational modification that frequently occurs in the nucleus and cytoplasm. -GlcNAcylation is dynamically regulated by two enzymes, -GlcNAc transferase and -GlcNAcase, and regulates nearly all cellular processes in epigenetics, transcription, translation, cell division, metabolism, signal transduction and stress. Aberrant -GlcNAcylation has been shown in a variety of diseases, including diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancers.

Age-related attenuation of cortical synaptic tagging in the ACC is rescued by BDNF or a TrkB receptor agonist in both sex of mice.

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a key cellular mechanism for learning and memory, and recent studies in the hippocampus found that LTP was impaired in aged animals. Previous studies of cortical LTP have focused primarily on the homosynaptic plasticity in adult mice, while fewer studies have looked at heterosynaptic plasticity-such as synaptic tagging in aged mice. In the present study, we investigated synaptic tagging in adult and middle-aged mice's anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) using the 64-channel multielectrode dish (MED64) recording system.

Systemic Delivery of mPEG-Masked Trispecific T-Cell Nanoengagers in Synergy with STING Agonists Overcomes Immunotherapy Resistance in TNBC and Generates a Vaccination Effect.

T-cell engagers (TCEs) represent a breakthrough in hematological malignancy treatment but are vulnerable to antigen escape and lack a vaccination effect. The "immunologically cold" solid tumor presents substantial challenges due to intratumor heterogeneity and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Here, a methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (mPEG)-masked CD44×PD-L1/CD3 trispecific T-cell nanoengager loaded with the STING agonist c-di-AMP (CDA) (PmTriTNE@CDA) for the treatment of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is rationally designed.