Single-Cell Dissection of the Biological Function and Molecular Features Underlying the Micropeptide LSMEM1 in Kidney.

Advances in computational biology and large-scale transcriptome analysis have revealed an increasing number of short open reading frames (sORFs) encoding functional peptides. These small proteins or micropeptides can function independently or exert their biological functions by binding to and/or regulating larger regulatory proteins. LSMEM1 (leucine rich single-pass membrane protein 1, also known as C7orf53) has been found to be significantly upregulated in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Social isolation in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus-a pathway analysis.

Background: Due to aging, the use of antidiabetic drugs, and dietary restrictions following a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the social interactions of older adults with T2DM are often limited. As a result, this population experiences a higher incidence of social isolation than the general older adult population. This study aims to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of social isolation among older adults with T2DM using a structural equation model.

Multiple ctDNA- based biomarkers predict benefit from selective RET Inhibition in non-small cell lung cancer patients: exploratory analysis of a prospective study.

Selective RET inhibitors such as pralsetinib have become the standard of care for patients with RET fusion-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Serial analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has proven effective in monitoring disease control/progression and therapeutic response in NSCLC. In this prospective study, we analyzed longitudinal ctDNA profiles (at baseline, week 8, and at progression) in Chinese patients with advanced RET fusion-positive NSCLC treated with pralsetinib (NCT03037385), utilizing allele frequency-based, cfDNA quantity-normalized, and methylation-based metrics.

Flot2 protects against podocyte injury by maintaining the stability of synaptopodin in diabetic nephropathy.

Podocyte injury is a major determinant of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Critical structural proteins such as synaptopodin play an important role in maintaining podocyte morphology and function. Herein, we uncover a protective role of Flotillin-2 (Flot2), a lipid microdomain-associated protein, in the development of DN by maintaining the stability of synaptopodin.

Plaque features and lenticulostriate artery morphology in unexplained early neurological deterioration in symptomatic MCA stenosis: A 7 T MRI study.

Background: A large proportion of early neurological deterioration (END) in stroke due to middle cerebral artery (MCA) stenosis remains unexplained. Unstable plaques on MCA and impaired perforators might contribute to unexplained END.

Methods: We included patients with symptomatic MCA stenosis and classified them into three groups according to symptoms: END, stable, and transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Different patterns of brain iron deposition exist in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients with cognitive impairment.

Background: The incidence of cognitive impairment in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD) and hemodialysis (HD) has been increased, but the specific mechanism is not clear. Disruption of iron homeostasis is associated with cognitive impairment. This study aimed to explore the relationship between brain iron deposition and cognitive impairment in patients with PD and HD by using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).

Excessive iron accumulation in the striatum associated with addictive behaviors of medication-overuse headache: a prospective study.

Background: Abnormal iron deposition may be a biomarker for a disrupted central antinociceptive neuronal network, and the relationship between iron deposition and the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic migraine (CM) with medication overuse (MOH) remains unclear. We investigated iron deposition in the deep gray matter (DGM) of the brain in CM patients with and without MOH using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).

Methods: Forty-eight healthy controls (HCs) and 69 CM patients (36 with MOH; 33 without MOH) were recruited.

Establishment and validation of a nomogram for predicting IDH-wildtype glioblastomas in nonenhancing adult-type diffuse gliomas.

Background: Approximately 8.94%-44.44% of nonenhancing adult-type diffuse gliomas are identified as glioblastomas.

Neurovascular decoupling of frontoparietal cortex-putamen-cerebellum network in type 2 diabetes patient: Potential biomarker for abnormal eating patterns.

Aim: High rates of dropout and binge eating triggered by restrictive diet limit the effectiveness of dietary interventions in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, it remains unclear what the potential central underpinnings of T2DM-specific dietary behavior characteristics are.

Methods: 41 T2DM patients and 43 matched healthy controls (HC) who underwent resting state functional MRI were enrolled to screen for the suspicious network by effective connectivity (EC) analysis and to explore its dynamic temporal and neurovascular coupling properties.

Modulation of comorbid depression of neuropathic pain by dopamine input from VTA to the ventral hippocampus.

Chronic pain syndrome is a devastating disorder with poor clinical treatment. The circuitry and molecular mechanisms for depression comorbid with chronic pain are thus far unclear. We characterized the projection from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) to the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and assessed the functional significance of the pathway in chronic pain-induced depressive comorbidity.

Habitat analysis of iron deposition in the basal ganglia for diagnosing cognitive impairment in chronic kidney disease: evidence from a case-control study.

Background: Chronic kidney disease induces alterations in the heterogeneity of iron deposition within the basal ganglia. Quantitative analysis of the heterogeneity of iron deposition within the basal ganglia may be valuable for diagnosing chronic kidney disease-related cognitive impairment.

Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study, quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) was performed in chronic kidney disease patients.

Dysregulated brain dynamics in the visualmotor network in type 2 diabetes patients and their relationship with cognitive impairment.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant risk factor for mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Here, we identified a T2DM-specific effective connectivity (EC) network, the dynamic features of which could be used to distinguish T2DM patients with MCI from healthy controls (HC) and correlation with cognitive performance.

Methods: Local and multicentered T2DM patients and matched HC who underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging were recruited.

The roles and functions of TMEM protein family members in cancers, cardiovascular and kidney diseases (Review).

Transmembrane protein (TMEM) is a type of membrane proteins, encoded by TMEM gene, also known as integral membrane protein. TMEM gene family contains various members and its encoded proteins have various functions and expressed in numerous organs. It has been proved to be widely involved in the formation of a lot of organelle membranes, enzymes, receptors and channels, mediating numerous normal physiological functions and regulating various disease processes.

Cognitive Impairment in Chronic Kidney Disease Across Different Stages: The Role of Structural and Perfusion-Driven Functional Connectivity Changes.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cognitive impairment (CI), yet the exact pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) across CKD stages, identify co-changed brain regions, explore abnormal seed-based functional connectivity (FC) in patients with CKD, and investigate the correlation between the abnormal brain regions and neuropsychological test scores.

Methods: Two hundred and eight participants (66 healthy controls, 70 CKD Stages 1-3a, and 72 CKD Stages 3b-5) were consecutively recruited and underwent high-resolution T1-weighted imaging, arterial spin labeling, and functional MR imaging.

Electrochemical enhancement of the accumulation of photosensitive components in anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria extracellular: A new insight into the preparation of degradable microbial photosensitizer for water treatment.

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are promising biomaterials for environmental remediation, but their application is hindered by low production efficiency and limited pollutant degradation capacity. In this study, photosynthetic electron extraction enabled Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R. palustris) to efficiently produce EPS enriched with functionalized components.

Effectiveness and safety of finerenone in membranous nephropathy patients: a retrospective, real‑world study.

Purpose: We aimed to conduct a retrospective analysis to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone in patients with membranous nephropathy (MN).

Methods: This study conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with MN who were treated with finerenone for follow-up period ranging from 3 to 6 months. The study compared the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urine total protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR), urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), serum creatinine concentration (SCr), blood pressure and serum potassium (K+) during the follow-up period.

Photoheterotrophic extracellular reduction of ferrihydrite activates diverse intracellular metabolic pathways in Rhodopseudomonas palustris for enhanced antibiotic degradation.

Anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (APB) have been frequently detected as a photoautotrophic Fe-carbon cycling drivers in photic and anoxic environment. However, the potential capacity of these bacteria for photoheterotrophic extracellular reduction of iron-containing minerals and their impact on the transformation of organic pollutants remain currently unknown. This study investigated the capacity of R.

Predicting hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes: the ADOCHBIU model.

Background: Hypoglycemic episodes cause varying degrees of damage in the functional system of elderly inpatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of the study is to construct a nomogram prediction model for the risk of hypoglycemia in elderly inpatients with T2DM and to evaluate the predictive performance of the model.

Methods: From August 2022 to April 2023, 546 elderly inpatients with T2DM were recruited in seven tertiary-level general hospitals in Beijing and Inner Mongolia province, China.

Abnormal changes of brain function and structure in patients with T2DM-related cognitive impairment: a neuroimaging meta-analysis and an independent validation.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seriously threatens human health and the quality of life, cognitive impairment is considered as a common complication of T2DM. Neuroimaging meta-analysis found brain functional and structural abnormality in patients with T2DM. Therefore, the purpose of the meta-analysis was to identify brain regions of patients with T2DM-related cognitive impairment (T2DM-CI) where functional and structural indicators changed together or could not synchronize.

Silver-Mediated Acetoxyselenylation of Alkynes: Mild Stereoselective Access to Bifunctional Alkenes.

Herein, we report a AgF-mediated regio- and stereoselective acetoxyselenylation of terminal/internal alkynes from iodobenzene dicarboxylate [PhI(OCOR)] and diorganyl diselenides via multiple-site functionalization to afford β-selenyl enol esters in good yields. Alkynes derived from bioactive molecules, such as l(-)-borneol, l-menthol, and acyne oxalate, are also suitable for this transformation and afford the expected compounds.

Social isolation in people with type 2 diabetes: A concept analysis.

Objective: To identify the defining attributes, antecedents, consequences and empirical referents to form an operational definition of social isolation in people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: The Walker and Avant approach.

Data Source: An electronic search of the literature using China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, and PsycINFO informed the analysis.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate/glutamine levels in the dentate nucleus and periaqueductal gray in new daily persistent headache: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have indicated that the imbalance between gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) levels was the potential cause of migraine development. However, the changes in the GABA and Glx levels in patients with New daily persistent headache (NDPH) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in GABA and Glx levels in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and dentate nucleus (DN) in patients with NDPH using the MEGA-PRESS sequence.

Metal-free radical selenothiocyanation of terminal and internal alkynes.

We report herein a synthetic strategy for the generation of direct selenothiocyanation from both terminal and internal alkynes a radical process. Alkynes derived from bioactive molecules, such as L(-)-borneol and L-menthol, are suitable for selenothiocyanation reaction. This method features metal-free conditions and readily available reagents.