APOE4 Exacerbates Alzheimer-Like Pathologies and Cognitive Deficits Induced by Blood-Derived Aβ in a Mouse Model.

Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) is a significant risk for both familial Alzheimer's disease (AD) and sporadic AD with elusive mechanisms. Previous studies mainly focused on the role of APOE4 in familial AD, with less attention to sporadic AD. Our previous study demonstrated that blood cell-derived amyloid-β (Aβ) can enter the brain and induce AD-like pathologies, providing a novel animal model to study sporadic AD to a certain extent.

Development and validation of an integrative 54 biomarker-based risk identification model for multi-cancer in 42,666 individuals: a population-based prospective study to guide advanced screening strategies.

Background: Early identification of high-risk individuals is crucial for optimizing cancer screening, particularly when considering expensive and invasive methods such as multi-omics technologies and endoscopic procedures. However, developing a robust, practical multi-cancer risk prediction model that integrates diverse, multi-scale data and with proper validation remains a significant challenge.

Methods: We initialized the FuSion study by recruiting 42,666 participants from Taizhou, China, with a discovery cohort (n = 16,340) and an independent validation cohort (n = 26,308) after exclusion criteria.

3D interconnected conductive network architectures of layered double hydroxides nanosheets anchored in MXene for particularly sensitive electrochemical biosensing platform.

The development of precise and sensitive electrochemical sensing methods for organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is crucial for effective contamination regulation in food and environmental resources. In this study, a novel biosensing platform, AChE-Chit/PPy/NiFe LDH/TM/GCE (APLTMG), was constructed based on the activity inhibition mechanism of the chitosan (Chit) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) system as the biorecognition element for the rapid detection of dimethoate. The NiFe LDHs, characterized by bimetallic active sites, are deposited onto the TiC (TM) substrate with superior conductivity and integrated with a three-dimensional (3D) conductive network of polypyrrole (PPy).

Association of circulating immuno-oncology biomarkers with breast cancer risk: insights from two prospective cohorts.

Immuno-oncology biomarkers are promising tools for cancer risk assessment and early detection. To identify and validate their associations with breast cancer, nested case-control studies within the Taizhou Longitudinal Study (TZL) cohort and the UK biobank Pharma Proteomics Project (UKB-PPP) were conducted, comprising 195 and 881 incident breast cancer patients, together with their matched controls. Among the 92 plasma proteins tested by the Olink Immuno-oncology panel, 11 proteins were associated with breast cancer risk in the TZL cohort after multiple testing correction.

Ternary composite material based on copper-metal organic frameworks, Mxene and carbon nanotubes as a sensitive electrochemical platform for determination of dopamine in aquatic environments.

Dopamine (DA) is a crucial neurotransmitter, however, its excessive use can lead to its accumulation as a micropollutant in aquatic ecosystems, thereby presenting various health risks to humans. Consequently, the accurate determination of dopamine levels is of paramount importance and has attracted considerable attention within scientific and regulatory communities. In this work, a ternary composite material (Cu-MOF/MXene/CNTs, MMC) based on copper-metal organic framework (Cu-MOF), the MXene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was developed using the hydrothermal method for sensitive electrochemical detection of DA.

Excessive iron accumulation in the striatum associated with addictive behaviors of medication-overuse headache: a prospective study.

Background: Abnormal iron deposition may be a biomarker for a disrupted central antinociceptive neuronal network, and the relationship between iron deposition and the pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic migraine (CM) with medication overuse (MOH) remains unclear. We investigated iron deposition in the deep gray matter (DGM) of the brain in CM patients with and without MOH using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM).

Methods: Forty-eight healthy controls (HCs) and 69 CM patients (36 with MOH; 33 without MOH) were recruited.

Multi-scale feature fusion model for real-time Blood glucose monitoring and hyperglycemia prediction based on wearable devices.

Accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels and the prediction of hyperglycemia are critical for the management of diabetes and the enhancement of medical efficiency. The primary challenge lies in uncovering the correlations among physiological information, nutritional intake, and other features, and addressing the issue of scale disparity among these features, in addition to considering the impact of individual variances on the model's accuracy. This paper introduces a universal, wearable device-assisted, multi-scale feature fusion model for real-time blood glucose monitoring and hyperglycemia prediction.

Fe, P co-doped hybrid electrocatalyst for synergistic enhancement of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction durability performance.

Defect engineering has been widely applied to improve the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance of MoS. In this work, a co-doped electrocatalyst on carbon fiber paper (CFP) for HER was prepared by coupling with simple hydrothermal and gas-phase phosphorylation process to improve the durability of the catalyst while enhancing the electrocatalytic performance (Fe-P-MoS/CFP). The results showed that the overpotential at a current density of 10 mA cm (η) of Fe-P-MoS/CFP was only 130 mV, which was much lower than those of other undoped and single-metal atom doping electrocatalysts.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid and glutamate/glutamine levels in the dentate nucleus and periaqueductal gray in new daily persistent headache: a magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.

Background: Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies have indicated that the imbalance between gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) levels was the potential cause of migraine development. However, the changes in the GABA and Glx levels in patients with New daily persistent headache (NDPH) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in GABA and Glx levels in the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and dentate nucleus (DN) in patients with NDPH using the MEGA-PRESS sequence.

Integrated doped-Ru electrocatalyst with excellent H adsorption-desorption and active site on hollow tubular structures for boosting efficient hydrogen evolution.

Electrochemical water splitting for hydrogen production is an ideal process for clean energy production. However, highly active and low-cost electrocatalysts are essential and challenging. In this work, a multi-component Cu-based catalyst (Ru-M-C-Cu), synergized with ruthenium (Ru) heteroatom doping, was synthesized via a facile immersion-calcination-immersion method.

Lamellar TiC MXene composite decorated with platinum-doped MoS nanosheets as electrochemical sensing functional platform for highly sensitive analysis of organophosphorus pesticides.

Precisely detecting organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) is paramount in upholding human safety and environmental preservation, especially in food safety. Herein, an electrochemical acetylcholinesterase (AChE) sensing platform entrapped in chitosan (Chit) on the glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) decorated with Pt/MoS/TiC MXene (Pt/MoS/TM) was constructed for the detection of chlorpyrifos. It is worth noting that Pt/MoS/TM possesses good biocompatibility, remarkable electrical conductivity, environmental stability and large specific surface area.

White matter and cortical gray matter microstructural abnormalities in new daily persistent headache: a NODDI study.

Background: New daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a rare primary headache with unclear pathogenesis. Neuroimaging studies of NDPH are limited, and controversy still exists. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is commonly used to study the white matter.

Characteristics of auto-quantified tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and the prognostic value in adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction, gastric adenocarcinoma, and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction (AEGJ) with a specific pathological profile and poor prognosis has limited therapeutic options. Previous studies have found that TILs exhibit distinct characteristics in different tumors and are correlated with tumor prognosis. We established cellular training sets to obtain auto-quantified TILs in pathological images.

Four novel functional in flavonoid 7--glucoside biosynthesis are vital to flavonoid biosynthesis shunting in citrus.

Citrus fruits have abundant flavonoid glycosides (FGs), an important class of natural functional and flavor components. However, there have been few reports about the modification of UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) on flavonoids in citrus. Notably, in flavonoid biosynthesis, 7--glucosylation is the initial and essential step of glycosylation prior to the synthesis of flavanone disaccharides, the most abundant and iconic FGs in citrus fruits.

Unique sandwich-cookie-like nanosheet array heterojunction bifunctional electrocatalyst towards efficient overall water/seawater splitting.

Construction of multi-component heterostructures is an effective strategy for electrocatalysts to improve both the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the cathode and the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity at the anode. Herein, an efficient bifunctional electrocatalyst towards overall water/seawater splitting (OW/SS) is reported with strategy of heterostructure construction (ruthenium/nickel phosphorus) on nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)). With the unique hydrolysis layer (Ni(OH)), the processes of HO hydrolysis and the adsorption/desorption of H*/O-containing intermediates (OH, O, OOH) were greatly boosted by Ru and P sites, which acted as the catalytic active centers of OER and HER, respectively.

Integrated Heterogeneous Engineering with the Vacancy Defect of Porous CoP-MoP Nanosheets for an Accelerated Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Electrochemical water splitting is a possible way of realizing sustainable and clean hydrogen production but is challenging, because a highly active and durable electrocatalyst is essential. In this work, we integrated heterogeneous engineering and vacancy defect strategies to design and fabricate a heterostructure electrocatalyst (CoP-MoP/CNT) with abundant phosphorus vacancies attached to carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The vacancy defects enabled the optimization of the electronic structure; thereby, the electron-rich low-valent metal sites enhanced the ability of nonmetallic P to capture proton H.

Analysis of blood methylation quantitative trait loci in East Asians reveals ancestry-specific impacts on complex traits.

Methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) are essential for understanding the role of DNA methylation changes in genetic predisposition, yet they have not been fully characterized in East Asians (EAs). Here we identified mQTLs in whole blood from 3,523 Chinese individuals and replicated them in additional 1,858 Chinese individuals from two cohorts. Over 9% of mQTLs displayed specificity to EAs, facilitating the fine-mapping of EA-specific genetic associations, as shown for variants associated with height.

Analysis of gait pattern related to high cerebral small vessel disease burden using quantitative gait data from wearable sensors.

Background And Objectives: Sensor-based wearable devices help to obtain a wide range of quantitative gait parameters, which provides sufficient data to investigate disease-specific gait patterns. Although cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) plays a significant role in gait impairment, the specific gait pattern associated with a high burden of CSVD remains to be explored.

Methods: We analyzed the gait pattern related to high CSVD burden from 720 participants (aged 55-65 years, 42.

A capillary-aided microfiber Bragg grating pH sensor for hydrovoltaic technology.

Hydrovoltaic is an emerging technology that aims to harvest energy from water flow and evaporation, in which the plasmonic hydrogen ions are generated by the interaction between water and hydrovoltaic device. However, the volume of the water sample for the interaction is usually ultra-small due to the compact size of hydrovoltaic device, making the quantification and characterization of the hydrogen ions in such water sample an elusive goal. To address this issue, a miniature fiber-optic pH probe is proposed using a unilaterally tapered-microfiber Bragg grating.

Neofunctionalization of an cluster dominates polymethoxyflavone biosynthesis associated with the domestication of citrus.

Polymethoxyflavones (PMFs) are a class of abundant specialized metabolites with remarkable anticancer properties in citrus. Multiple methoxy groups in PMFs are derived from methylation modification catalyzed by a series of hydroxylases and -methyltransferases (OMTs). However, the specific that catalyze the systematic -methylation of hydroxyflavones remain largely unknown.

Altered functional connectivity of brainstem nuclei in new daily persistent headache: Evidence from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Objectives: The new daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a rare primary headache disorder. However, the underlying mechanisms of NDPH remain incompletely understood. This study aims to apply seed-based analysis to explore the functional connectivity (FC) of brainstem nuclei in patients with NDPH using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Single extracellular vesicle surface protein-based blood assay identifies potential biomarkers for detection and screening of five cancers.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) and EV proteins are promising biomarkers for cancer liquid biopsy. Herein, we designed a case-control study involving 100 controls and 100 patients with esophageal, stomach, colorectal, liver, or lung cancer to identify common and type-specific biomarkers of plasma-derived EV surface proteins for the five cancers. EV surface proteins were profiled using a sequencing-based proximity barcoding assay.