Bio-based microplastics as vectors of resistance genes under combined pressure of antibiotics and heavy metals in marine environment.

In this study, we investigated the characteristics of biofilm formation on petroleum-based polyethylene (PE) and bio-based polylactic acid (PLA) microplastics, the structure of bacterial communities, and the enrichment and transfer of related resistance genes in marine environments. We examined these factors under varying concentrations of the heavy metal zinc (Zn) and the sulfadiazine (SDZ), both individually and in combination, and analyzed the underlying mechanisms and interrelationships. The results indicated that PE surface was more conducive to bacterial colonization and biofilm stabilization.

Correction: Sentential inference bridging between lexical/grammatical knowledge and text comprehension among native Chinese speakers learning Japanese.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Miconazole attenuates LPS-induced lung inflammation by modulating alveolar macrophage polarization via promoting lipid metabolic reprogramming.

Objective: Pulmonary inflammation is closely associated with macrophage polarization and lipid metabolic reprogramming. Miconazole (MCZ), traditionally used as an antifungal agent, exhibits emerging anti-inflammatory potential, yet its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: A mouse model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation was employed to evaluate MCZ's anti-inflammatory efficacy.

Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of gross total resection in pediatric low-grade epilepsy-associated brain tumors: A retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and identify risk factors associated with postoperative seizure outcomes in pediatric patients with low-grade epilepsy-associated brain tumors (LEATs) who underwent gross total resection (GTR).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of pediatric patients who underwent GTR of LEATs. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the clinical features, and patients were categorized into two groups based on postoperative seizure outcomes: seizure-free and non-seizure-free.

Triplet-Excited Benzoates Significantly Enhance HO Formation and Free Chlorine Decay in a UV/Chlorine Advanced Oxidation Process.

Far UV light (UV) is a promising alternative to traditional 254 nm UV light (UV) in water treatment, raising great interest in UV-based advanced oxidation processes, particularly UV/chlorine. This study uncovers a novel mechanism for radical generation in UV/chlorine mediated by benzoate (BA), a model compound for benzoate pollutants and moieties of natural organic matter. 10 μM BA significantly enhanced HO formation and free chlorine decay by 77% and 530% in UV/chlorine, respectively, but showed less effect on UV/chlorine.

Resilience driven EV coordination in multiple microgrids using distributed deep reinforcement learning.

By integrating electric vehicles (EVs), the multi-microgrids (MMGs) can significantly enhance their resilient operation capabilities. However, existing works face challenges in formulating optimal routing and scheduling strategies for EVs, due to the spatial-temporal uncertainty of the distribution and transportation networks, as well as incomplete information. This paper addresses the coordination problem of EVs for the resilience enhancement of MMGs, using a distributed multi-agent deep reinforcement learning approach to minimize the load-shedding cost.

Cognitive behavioural therapy and related interventions for sleep disorders in children and adults with autism spectrum disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by deficits in social communication and repetitive behaviours, often accompanied by sleep disturbances. These sleep problems, including prolonged sleep latency and fragmented sleep, affect more than half of autistic individuals, exacerbating functional impairments and diminishing quality of life. Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) has shown promise in addressing sleep disturbances in ASD, with preliminary studies indicating improvements in sleep quality.

Vanishing pancreas: CT and MRI features and imaging diagnostic strategies.

The vanishing pancreas is a frequently overlooked condition which can result from partial or complete dorsal pancreatic agenesis, intra-pancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) and pancreatic atrophy caused by chronic pancreatitis. A variety of diseases, including cystic fibrosis, maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 8, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, and Johanson-Blizzard syndrome, can manifest as IPFD. Dorsal pancreatic agenesis can, albeit rarely, coexist with abnormalities or tumors.

A New Class of Vitamin K Analogues Containing the Side Chain of Retinoic Acid Have Enhanced Activity for Inducing Neuronal Differentiation.

Vitamin K, primarily known for its roles in coagulation and bone metabolism, has recently been implicated in neuroprotection and neuronal differentiation, particularly via its bioactive form, menaquinone-4 (MK-4). Here, we synthesized 12 vitamin K compounds with retinoic acid-conjugated side chains and methyl ester modifications to enhance neuroactive properties. Among these, compound demonstrated superior stability, robust transcriptional activation via steroid and xenobiotic receptor and retinoic acid receptor, and efficient induction of neuronal differentiation in mouse neural progenitor cells.

Thin-slice T-weighted images and deep-learning-based super-resolution reconstruction: improved preoperative assessment of vascular invasion for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of thin-slice T-weighted imaging (TWI) and super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) for preoperative assessment of vascular invasion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).

Methods: Ninety-five PDACs with preoperative MRI were retrospectively enrolled as a training set, with non-reconstructed TWI (NRT) in different slice thicknesses (NRT-3, 3 mm; NRT-5, ≥ 5 mm). A prospective test set was collected with NRT-5 (n = 125) only.

Toxic effects of organophosphate flame retardants on marine microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri: Insights from physiological and transcriptomic analyses.

The large-scale use of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) has led to their prevalence in the environment. However, their toxicity on marine microalgae has not been adequately investigated. In this study, we investigated the toxic effects of three representative OPFRs including 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP), tricresyl phosphate (TCP), and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) on marine microalgae Chaetoceros muelleri, and explored the potential toxicity mechanisms through transcriptomic analysis.

Complete genome sequence of a novel narnavirus with inverted complementary termini from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae isolate NJ471.

A novel single-stranded (+ss) RNA mycovirus, designated as "Magnaporthe oryzae narnavirus 2" (MoNV2), was identified in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae isolate NJ471. MoNV2 has an RNA genome of 3,086 nucleotides, which contains a single open reading frame (ORF) that is predicted to encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Genome sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis suggested that MoNV2 is a new member of the genus Narnavirus of the family Narnaviridae.

Restoration of NOX4 signalling reverses endothelial colony-forming cell angiogenic dysfunction associated with experimental and clinical diabetes.

Background: Progenitor endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) are critical for vascular homeostasis and hold therapeutic potential for ischaemic cardiovascular disease (CVD). As angiogenic capacity and efficacy within diseased tissues is particularly impacted in diabetic patients, who show high incidence of ischaemic CVD, targeting of critical ECFC pathways in this setting represents an innovative focus towards enhancing intrinsic vasoreparative function. We previously reported that NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4)-derived reactive oxygen species promote cord blood-derived ECFC (CB-ECFC) pro-angiogenic response, whilst NOX4 overexpression (OE) enhances revascularisation capacity.

Dual nuclease-amplified sensitive biosensor for enrofloxacin detection using a DNase I-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a (CRISPR-DNase I) system.

Recent years have witnessed the flourishing of CRISPR/Cas-based biosensors in various fields. However, most of them were developed for nucleic acid detection because non-nucleic acid targets are unable to unleash the cleavage activity of the CRISPR/Cas system directly. To circumvent this problem, activator DNA and deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I) were introduced in this research to render the CRISPR/Cas12a system as a new powerful tool for the detection of enrofloxacin (ENR), a common veterinary drug.

Ergodicity Breaking and Scaling Relations for Finite-Time First-Order Phase Transition.

Hysteresis and metastable states are typical features associated with ergodicity breaking in the first-order phase transition. We explore the scaling relations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics in finite-time first-order phase transitions. Using the Curie-Weiss model as an example, for large systems we find the excess work scales as v^{2/3} when the magnetic field is quenched at a finite rate v across the phase transition.

Multimodal MRI radiomics enhances epilepsy prediction in pediatric low-grade glioma patients.

Background: Determining whether pediatric patients with low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) have tumor-related epilepsy (GAE) is a crucial aspect of preoperative evaluation. Therefore, we aim to propose an innovative, machine learning- and deep learning-based framework for the rapid and non-invasive preoperative assessment of GAE in pediatric patients using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: In this study, we propose a novel radiomics-based approach that integrates tumor and peritumoral features extracted from preoperative multiparametric MRI scans to accurately and non-invasively predict the occurrence of tumor-related epilepsy in pediatric patients.

Explainable Fusion Model for Predicting Postoperative Early Recurrence in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Using Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI Habitat Imaging.

Rationale And Objectives: To develop an explainable fusion model that combines clinical, radiomic, and habitat features to predict postoperative early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: The bicentric retrospective study included 370 patients with surgically confirmed early-stage HCC who underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. The patients were stratified into a training cohort (n=296) and an external validation cohort (n=74).

Enzymatic biosynthesis, characterization, and antioxidant properties of ω-3 fatty acid-based structured phospholipids.

ω-3 fatty acids play essential physiological functions in the body. Most commercial ω-3 fatty acids are ethyl esters, which have lower bioavailability and stability than phospholipid-bound forms. This study aimed to synthesize structured phospholipids enriched with ω-3 fatty acids (ω-3-PLs) using a solvent-free system via enzymatic approach.

Comprehensive Analyses of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA Sequencing Data From M2 Macrophages to Elucidate the Immune Prognostic Signature in Patients with Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis.

Purpose: The peritoneum is a common site of metastasis in gastric cancer (GC), associated with poor prognosis and significant morbidity. The proclivity of GCs to metastasize to the peritoneum has been hypothesized to occur due the latter's immunosuppressive microenvironment, such as stromal infiltration and M2 macrophage enrichment, which are associated with increased risk of PM. As far as we know, a model that can effectively predict the prognosis of patients with GCPM is still lacking.

Multi-scale feature fusion model for real-time Blood glucose monitoring and hyperglycemia prediction based on wearable devices.

Accurate monitoring of blood glucose levels and the prediction of hyperglycemia are critical for the management of diabetes and the enhancement of medical efficiency. The primary challenge lies in uncovering the correlations among physiological information, nutritional intake, and other features, and addressing the issue of scale disparity among these features, in addition to considering the impact of individual variances on the model's accuracy. This paper introduces a universal, wearable device-assisted, multi-scale feature fusion model for real-time blood glucose monitoring and hyperglycemia prediction.

ALKBH5-mediated m6A regulates the alternative splicing events of SRSF10 in ovarian cancer.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation was found to be involved in the tumorigenesis and development of ovarian cancer. Until now, it is not clear to identify the mechanism by m6A demethylase ALKBH5 affects RNA splicing in ovarian cancer. In this study, we examined ALKBH5 protein expression and m6A levels by immunohistochemistry and analyzed their correlation with clinical features and prognosis in patients with ovarian cancer.

Determining the Role of OsAGP6P in Anther Development Within the Arabinogalactan Peptide Family of Rice ().

Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) are complex proteoglycans present in plant cell walls across the kingdom. They play crucial roles in biological functions throughout the plant life cycle. In this study, we identified 43 gene members of the AG peptide (an AGP subfamily) within the rice genome, detailing their structure, protein-conserved domains, and motif compositions for the first time.

Multilayer Core-Sheath Structured Nickel Wire/Copper Oxide/Cobalt Oxide Composite for Highly Sensitive Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensor.

The development of micro glucose sensors plays a vital role in the management and monitoring of diabetes, facilitating real-time tracking of blood glucose levels. In this paper, we developed a three-layer core-sheath microwire (NW@CuO@CoO) with nickel wire as the core and copper oxide and cobalt oxide nanowires as the sheath. The unique core-sheath structure of microwire enables it to have both good conductivity and excellent electrochemical catalytic activity when used as an electrode for glucose detecting.

Molecular characterization of a novel gammascleroulivirus from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae isolate ES155.

A novel single-stranded (+ss) RNA mycovirus, designated as "Magnaporthe oryzae botourmiavirus 14" (MoBV14), was identified in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae isolate ES155. The viral genome is 2,336 nucleotides in length and contains a single open reading frame (ORF) that is predicted to encode an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Genome sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis indicated that MoBV14 is a new member of the genus Gammascleroulivirus in the family Botourmiaviridae.