Deciphering disease-specific glycosylation: unraveling diabetes subtypes through serum glycopattern.

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a slowly progressing form of diabetes that develops in adulthood, characterized by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells and subsequent insulin deficiency, akin to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Due to its shared genetic, immunological, and metabolic features with both T1D and type 2 diabetes (T2D), LADA is frequently misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated as T2D. To address this, we developed the A.

Protein lipoylation in cancer: metabolic reprogramming and therapeutic potential.

Protein lipoylation, a mitochondria-specific post-translational modification (PTM) evolutionarily conserved from bacteria to mammals, plays critical role in metabolic processes. In humans, four identified lipoylated proteins serve as essential components of key enzymes involved in glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and amino acid metabolism. The dynamic addition or removal of lipoylation modifications critically regulates the functional activity of these enzymes, with dysregulation strongly associated with cancers.

Wettability Regulated Two-Phase Flow of Supercritical CO and Water in Confined Nanochannels.

Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO) has emerged as a promising agent in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) due to its ability to reduce interfacial tension and enhance oil mobility in reservoirs. Water is ubiquitous in oil reservoirs, yet the underlying mechanisms governing scCO transport in the presence of water within nanoscale channels remain inadequately understood. Using molecular dynamics simulations combined with analytical models, this study explores the two-phase flow behavior of scCO and water in confined nanochannels, emphasizing the effects of water saturation () and channel wettability.

Effects of exercise on psychological distress in patients with COPD: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

Background: Exercise therapies has been increasingly studied, but there is no consensus on their role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with psychological distress.

Methods: We searched for relevant studies published in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, with a focus on randomized controlled trials that recorded the impact of exercise on psychological distress.

Results: Twenty-one randomized controlled trials met the inclusion criteria.

Body-Coupled-Driven Object-Oriented Natural Interactive Interface.

The metaverse progressively demands heightened sophistication in human-multi-machine collaboration, accelerating development of hybrid immersive 2D tactile and 3D spatial perception interfaces. However, current interfaces struggle with the precision and adaptability in complex human-multi-machine interaction scenarios. This paper presents a transparent stretchable sensing interface synergizing 2D tactile and 3D spatial perception through body-coupled electromagnetic coupling.

A hexatopic-carboxylate-based type luminescent zirconium-organic framework for the detection of glutathione.

As one of the most studied subclasses of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), zirconium-based MOFs (Zr-MOFs) have aroused extensive interest due to unlimited variety of organic linkers and diversity of structures, compositions and functions induced by varying Zr-oxo clusters. It has been proven that organic linker-directed precise control over the composition, underlying net and porosity of the resultant Zr-MOFs is essential to achieve desired crystalline structures, functions or enhanced performances. Herein, we designed and constructed a new Zr-MOF (HIAM-4062) possessing a topology using one hexatopic carboxylate linker.

Excess water availability in northern mid-high latitudes contiguously migrated from ocean under climate change.

Terrestrial water availability sustains livelihoods, socioeconomic development, and ecosystems. Despite an understanding of contributions of oceanic moisture to terrestrial hydroclimatic extremes, whether surpluses of terrestrial water availability migrate directly and contiguously from the ocean and the influence of climate change on this process remain unclear. Here, we use a coherent feature-tracking method to identify ocean-to-land water availability surpluses (OWASs), characterized by spatiotemporally contiguous migration of excess atmospheric freshwater (precipitation-minus-evapotranspiration) from ocean to land.

Disitamab vedotin combined with toripalimab and radiotherapy for multimodal organ-sparing treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer: a proof-of-concept study.

Purpose: Although trimodal therapy is currently the standard organ-sparing approach for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), its clinical benefit is limited, and noninvasive biomarkers to guide dynamic decision-making are lacking. Here, we present a proof-of-concept study evaluating disitamab vedotin (RC48, a HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugate) combined with toripalimab (JS001, anti-PD-1) and radiotherapy for bladder preservation in localized HER2-positive MIBC.

Patients And Methods: In the first-stage of an open-label phase II clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.

Glutamate-cysteine ligase as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease: a multi-omics and experimental study.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major global health challenge, and the identification of highly specific and easily detectable blood markers is critical for early diagnosis and intervention in PD. In this study, we recruited 21 patients with Parkinson's disease and 16 healthy controls. We examined blood samples for marker screening using targeted metabolomics and proteomics and machine learning techniques.

Explore the role of CBS in stomach adenocarcinoma based on the sulfur-containing amino acid metabolism network.

The sulfur-containing amino acids (SAAs) play a key role in the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the clinical prognostic value of SAAs metabolism (SAAM) regulators in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) remains unclear. We systematically evaluated the clinical and immune characteristics of SAAM-related genes in STAD.

GRADE Concept Paper 9: Rationale and process for creating a GRADE Ontology.

Context: As the rate of research production accelerates, the ability to efficiently and unambiguously communicate judgements relating to the synthesis, evaluation, and use of scientific information becomes paramount.

Perspective: Scientific information can be viewed as a "layered infrastructure" of data, evidence, knowledge, and use. The GRADE approach serves as a de facto data standard in this infrastructure, reducing ambiguity in claims to knowledge (in the form of judgements of certainty in the evidence when answering research questions) and level of commitment to possible solutions to problems (in the form of strength of recommendations for interventions).

Performance and comparison of FLCCheck: a novel serum free light chain assay for the Auxiliary Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma.

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant bone marrow disorder characterized by the abnormal proliferation of plasma cells. The measurement of serum free light chains (FLC) is a standard diagnostic and management tool for MM. The International Myeloma Working Group utilizes the iFLC/uFLC ratio to distinguish smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) from active MM requiring therapeutic intervention.

Assessing the location potential for tourism development of traditional villages in Sichuan province, China.

With the advancement of the rural revitalization strategy, traditional villages are facing both opportunities and challenges for development. Tourism development is considered an effective means of preserving and utilizing traditional villages, and assessing the potential of village locations is crucial for decision-makers in formulating reasonable tourism development plans. Sichuan Province has 396 national-level traditional villages, but the distribution patterns and location potential across various spatial scales need further exploration.

Anterior Acetabular Coverage of Borderline Hips Is Overestimated on Standing Antero-posterior Pelvic Radiographs.

Background: We sought to: (1) develop a new method in measuring spino-pelvic tilt (SPT) from antero-posterior pelvic (AP pelvis) radiographs and computed tomography scans, and examine its reliability and validity; (2) use Z-scores to evaluate patients' SPT based on an established asymptomatic norm; and (3) examine whether a compensatory mechanism of anterior pelvic tilt exists for borderline hips, denoted as differences in anterior wall indices both between standing and supine positions, and between borderline hip dysplasia (BHD) patients and asymptomatic norms.

Methods: After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 patients were finally included. Patients who had unilateral or bilateral borderline hips were included.

Exploring the impact of smoking on coronary heart disease risk in women: Insights from the NHANES database.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a widespread chronic condition. Its risk factors are numerous and complex, with smoking being a key factor. Recently, CHD risk in women has notably risen, partly due to increased smoking and lifestyle changes.

Efficacy and safety of oral anticoagulants in elderly patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis.

Background: Thromboembolism is a common complication in elderly patients with non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation (NVAF). Noval oral anticoagulants (NOACs) remain the primary treatment strategy. This study focuses on the optimal dosage and safety of new oral anticoagulants introduced in recent years.

Seasonal shifts and population characteristics of uric acid in eastern coastal China: a big data analysis from Hangzhou.

Objectives: Uric acid (UA), the end-product of purine metabolism, is linked to various medical conditions such as gout and cardiovascular diseases. The increasing incidence of hyperuricaemia and gout in China highlights the need to establish accurate reference intervals for UA. This study uses data from a real-world population to examine the distribution of UA levels across various demographic groups, with a specific focus on seasonal variations in UA concentrations.

The T1 mapping and T2 mapping of lateral pterygoid muscle: a quantitative analysis in patients with acute and chronic temporomandibular joint disorders.

Objective: The study aimed to quantitatively assess the signal changes in the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) of patients with acute and chronic temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) using T1 mapping and T2 mapping techniques, and to explore the correlation between these changes and clinical symptoms.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-five acute TMD patients, 121 chronic TMD patients, and 19 normal controls (NC) were enrolled in this prospective study. T1 mapping and T2 mapping sequences were acquired to obtain T1 and T2 values of the superior heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle (SHLP) and inferior heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle (IHLP).

Predictive Value of Perivascular Space Network and Choroid Plexus for Levodopa Responsiveness in Parkinson's Disease.

Background And Purpose: Inter-individual variability in levodopa responsiveness complicates personalized treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Previous studies have suggested that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based indices of the perivascular space (PVS) and choroid plexus (CP) volume may be related to levodopa responsiveness. This study integrated multiple MRI indices, including CP volume, free water (FW) fraction, PVS volume fraction (PVSVF), and diffusion tensor imaging along the PVS (DTI-ALPS), to investigate their associations with levodopa responsiveness.

Assessment of T2-weighted MRI-derived synthetic CT for the detection of suspected lumbar facet arthritis: a comparative analysis with conventional CT.

Purpose: We evaluated sCT generated from T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) using deep learning techniques to detect structural lesions in lumbar facet arthritis, with conventional CT as the reference standard.

Methods: This single-center retrospective study included 40 patients who had lumbar MRI and CT with in 1 week (September 2020 to August 2021). A Pix2Pix-GAN framework generated CT images from MRI data, and image quality was assessed using structural similarity index (SSIM), mean absolute error (MAE), peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), nd Dice similarity coefficient (DSC).

The miR-302 cluster-IRFs-IRF1AS axis regulates influenza A virus replication in a species-specific manner.

Unlabelled: Non-coding RNAs are crucial orchestrators in the intricate dance between viruses and host cells, among which the expression and function of enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) during influenza virus infection remain largely unexplored. This study utilized whole transcriptome high-throughput sequencing to investigate the molecular mechanisms underpinning the species-specific regulation of influenza virus replication by the miR-302 cluster-IRFs-IRF1AS axis both and . Mechanistically, the CTNNB1-induced miR-302 cluster targeted various interferon regulatory factors (mainly IRF1 and IRF2) with varying affinities and silencing efficiencies, except for miR-302e and miR-302f.

A Luminescent Zirconium-Pentacarboxylate Framework with 10-Connected Zr Clusters for Dichromate Detection.

Zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks (Zr-MOFs) have received great attention due to their abundant structural diversity and controllable functionalizations. However, pentacarboxylic acid-based Zr-MOFs are less studied. Herein, we report a new pentacarboxylic acid-based organic linker, 4″,4‴″,4‴‴″-((4-(4,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-1-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)methanetriyl)tris(([1,1':4',1″-terphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid)), which has been successfully employed to construct a Zr-MOF, HIAM-4055 (HIAM = Hoffmann Institute of Advanced Materials).

Stabilisation of PRCP by deubiquitinase-targeting chimera (DUBTAC) to replenish autophagy for ameliorating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.

Background And Purpose: Autophagy is essential for cellular homeostasis, and its impairment contributes to cardiac hypertrophy. Modulating autophagy has shown potential in treating pathological hypertrophy. Prolylcarboxypeptidase (PRCP), a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes angiotensin II to Ang1-7, has an unclear role in cardiac autophagy and hypertrophy.

A Comprehensive Survey of Research Trends in mmWave Technologies for Medical Applications.

Millimeter-wave (mmWave) sensing has emerged as a promising technology for non-contact health monitoring, offering high spatial resolution, material sensitivity, and integration potential with wireless platforms. While prior work has focused on specific applications or signal processing methods, a unified understanding of how mmWave signals map to clinically relevant biomarkers remains lacking. This survey presents a full-stack review of mmWave-based medical sensing systems, encompassing signal acquisition, physical feature extraction, modeling strategies, and potential medical and healthcare uses.

An adaptive AI-based virtual reality sports system for adolescents with excess body weight: a randomized controlled trial.

Adolescents with obesity face numerous health risks and encounter barriers that lead to physical inactivity. We developed a virtual reality sports system, named REVERIE (Real-World Exercise and VR-Based Exercise Research in Education), which used deep reinforcement learning to train transformer-based virtual coaching agents, offering immersive and effective sports guidance, with biomechanical performance comparable to real-world physical sports. We integrated REVERIE into a randomized controlled trial involving an 8-week intervention in adolescents with excess body weight (n = 227).