Pinpointing drivers and health effects of exceptional summertime ozone pollution in the Sichuan basin of China in 2022.

Tropospheric ozone (O) is a ubiquitous pollutant that is detrimental to human health and ecosystems. The Sichuan Basin (SCB), one of the most populous city clusters in China, has experienced more-intense O pollution episodes and longer O season with more-frequent stagnant conditions over the past decade. In 2022, the prolonged O season featured extremely high levels of O and region-wide O events were observed, posing significant threats to public health.

RANKL/PD-1 dual blockade demonstrates survival benefit for patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma harboring KRAS mutations.

Preclinical/clinical studies suggest that receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) inhibitors combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (RLICi) enhance anti-tumor efficacy in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), yet mechanisms remain unclear. Our retrospective cohort demonstrates RLICi superiority in Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS)-mutant LUAD. Transcriptomics reveal that RANKL upregulation was inversely correlated with PD-L1 and CXCL9/10/11 levels, suppressing CD8 T cell infiltration via phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/AKT serine/threonine kinase-mediated PD-L1 downregulation and macrophage chemokine reduction.

Akkermansia muciniphila-Derived Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Novel Therapeutic Approach for Mastitis: Insights From In Vitro and Vivo Studies.

Mastitis is a major disease affecting the dairy industry. Although antibiotics are the most prevalent treatment for mastitis, their overuse presents significant risks to public health. Probiotic therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for controlling mastitis, but there is a lack of comprehensive studies on the efficacy and mechanisms of specific probiotics in treating this condition.

QSM predicts haemorrhage risk in brainstem cavernous malformations: a multicentre prospective study.

Background: This study investigates the predictive value of baseline quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) metrics for assessing the risk of future symptomatic haemorrhages in patients with brainstem cavernous malformations (CMs).

Methods: From July 2020 to September 2023, a prospective multicentre cohort of 155 patients with brainstem CMs was enrolled from 12 institutions. We analysed baseline QSM metrics, including lesional mean, median, IQR and maximum susceptibility.

How Do Organelle-Targeting Nanotherapeutics Treat Inflammatory Diseases? A Comprehensive Review of the Literature.

Inflammation is a protective response of the body, but when excessive or prolonged, it can contribute to disease progression and tissue damage. Identifying more effective and less toxic drugs for treating both acute and chronic inflammatory diseases is a major challenge. Organelle-targeting strategies, which deliver drugs directly to specific organelles, offer a promising solution by improving treatment efficiency and minimizing toxic effects on healthy cells.

Development of a non-contrast CT-based radiomics nomogram for early prediction of delayed cerebral ischemia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Backgrounds: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is a significant complication following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), leading to poor prognosis and high mortality. This study developed a non-contrast CT (NCCT)-based radiomics nomogram for early DCI prediction in aSAH patients.

Methods: Three hundred seventy-seven aSAH patients were included in this retrospective study.

[Analysis of Risk Factors for Meningeal Metastasis in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Following Non-surgical Interventions].

Background: Meningeal metastasis (MM) is a form of malignant metastasis where tumor cells spread from the primary site to the pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid, subarachnoid space, and other cerebrospinal fluid compartments. Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant tumor types with MM. MM not only signifies that the lung cancer has progressed to an advanced stage but also leads to a range of severe clinical symptoms due to meningeal involvement.

Development of a deep-learning algorithm for etiological classification of subarachnoid hemorrhage using non-contrast CT scans.

Objectives: This study aims to develop a deep learning algorithm for differentiating aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) from non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (naSAH) using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) scans.

Methods: This retrospective study included 618 patients diagnosed with SAH. The dataset was divided into a training and internal validation cohort (533 cases: aSAH = 305, naSAH = 228) and an external test cohort (85 cases: aSAH = 55, naSAH = 30).

Added Value of Cerebral Small Vascular Disease Burden Based On MRI for Prediction Poor Outcome of Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Background: The significance between cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) markers on MRI and clinical outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients is unclear. This study aimed to explore the connection between CSVD markers and short-term outcome in ICH patients.

Methods: We retrospectively included 318 ICH patients.

Prediction of early recurrence in primary central nervous system lymphoma based on multimodal MRI-based radiomics: A preliminary study.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of multimodal magnetic resonance imaging radiomics features in predicting early recurrence of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and to investigate their correlation with patient prognosis.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 145 patients with PCNSL who were treated with high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy. Clinical data and MRI images were collected, with tumor regions segmented using ITK-SNAP software.

MR findings of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system: report of three cases.

Background: Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Diagnosing CNS-limited IVLBCL is particularly challenging due to its non-specific clinical presentation and laboratory findings. We present three cases of CNS-limited IVLBCL, expanding the understanding of its imaging spectrum and enhancing preoperative diagnostic accuracy.

Effects of chitosan on restoring spermatogenesis in mice: Insights from gut microbiota and multi-omics analysis.

Chitosan, is a natural bio-based polymer with known prebiotic properties. However, its potential in the management of spermatogenic disorders remains largely unexplored. By utilizing a busulfan-treated mouse model and integrated multi-omics analysis, this study explored the potential mechanisms through which chitosan improves impaired spermatogenesis.

Genome-Wide Characterization of Soybean 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Acid Synthase Genes Demonstrates the Importance of in the Salt Stress Responses.

ACS (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase) is a member of the aminotransferase superfamily and a pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme. ACS is also a rate-limiting enzyme for the biosynthesis of ethylene and has been linked with plant development, growth, and stress responses. However, information on genes in the soybean genome is limited.

Radiomics based on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging predict the cell lineages of nonfunctioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors.

Objective: Accurate preoperative predict the cell lineages of non-functioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (NFPitNETs) can help neurosurgeons develop treatment strategies. This study aimed to predict the three cell lineages of NFPitNETs using radiomics based on MRI.

Methods: NFPitNETs patients from January 2019 and January 2023 were retrospectively enrolled, with adenoma lineages including SF-1 (n = 239), TPIT (n = 204), and PIT-1 (n = 100).

Pollution and health risk assessment of rare earth elements in soil, water and vegetables from an ion-adsorption rare earth mining area in Ganzhou, China.

Rare earth elements (REEs) are increasingly recognized as significant environmental pollutants due to their environmental persistence, bioaccumulation, and chronic toxicity. This study assessed REEs pollution in soil, water, and vegetables in an ion-adsorption rare earth mining area in Ganzhou, and evaluated the associated health risks to the local population. Results indicated that the REEs content in soil ranged from 168.

Rhythm- and sex-dependent lipid accumulation in Drosophila melanogaster by phthalates.

Phthalates (PAEs) have been linked to obesity prevalence. Their obesogenic effects were influenced by sexes and rhythm, while the underlying mechanisms remained to be explored. In the present study, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), dioctyl phthalate (DOP), diisopentyl phthalate (DIPP) and diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) were chosen as the PAEs' representatives, and their obesogenic effects were measured in Drosophila melanogaster with consideration on sleep and eclosion rhythms and sex-dependent differences.

Carrier-Free Nanocombo-Sensitized Photoimmunotherapy via Activation of α2-Adrenergic Receptors.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT)-based photoimmunotherapy has attracted increasing attention in the field of cancer immunotherapy. Nonetheless, monotherapy alone proves insufficient in eliciting robust and enduring tumor immunogenicity within the "cold" microenvironment of triple-negative breast cancer. Therefore, it is imperative to integrate phototherapy and immunostimulation strategies to achieve synergistic effects.

Comparative Metabolomics Analysis of Seed Composition Accumulation in Soybean (Glycine max L.) Differing in Protein and Oil Content.

Efforts to enhance protein and oil contents in soybean seeds are significant; however, a negative correlation usually exists between protein and oil levels. This observation emphasizes the need to understand the spatiotemporal dynamics and interactions in protein and oil accumulation during soybean seed development. The current study used LC-MS/MS methodology to conduct high-throughput metabolomic analyses, aiming to understand metabolite compositions and spatial distributions in soybean varieties with extreme protein and oil content phenotypes including HPHO, HPLO, LPHO and LPLO lines.

The research progress on meningeal metastasis in solid tumors.

Meningeal metastasis (MM), particularly Leptomeningeal metastases (LM), represents the advanced stage of solid tumors and poses a significant threat to patients' lives. Moreover, it imposes a substantial burden on society. LM represents the ultimate and most fatal stage of solid tumors, inflicting devastating consequences on patients and imposing a substantial burden on society.

Multiple microcysts and clivus invasion diagnose T-box pituitary transcription factor 19 lineage adenomas in non-functioning pituitary adenomas.

BackgroundPreoperative identification of T-box pituitary transcription factor 19 (TPIT) lineage silent adenomas in non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) is important.PurposeTo compare the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of the three cell lineages of adenomas in NFPAs and evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of multiple microcysts and clivus invasion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for TPIT lineage adenomas in NFPAs.Material and MethodsA total of 405 patients with NFPA were retrospectively enrolled, including steroidogenic factor 1 (SF-1) lineage adenomas (n = 204), TPIT lineage adenomas (n = 111), and pituitary transcription factor 1 (PIT-1) lineage adenomas (n = 90).

The molecule events expression of TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in morphological and structural developmental characteristics of gonads in goose embryos.

China is the largest producer and consumer of geese with significant social and economic value in agriculture. The Jilin White Goose, known for its excellent egg-laying and reproductive characteristics, is a prominent breeding breed in the northeast of China widely used for cross-breeding.Gonad development is a complex process, which will differentiate into testes or ovaries, thus affecting sex determination.

Oxygenous and biofilm-targeted nanosonosensitizer anchored with Pt nanozyme and antimicrobial peptide in the gelatin/sodium alginate hydrogel for infected diabetic wound healing.

Sonodynamic therapy is an emerging therapeutic approach for combating bacterial infections. However, the characteristics of hypoxia, high HO microenvironment, and the formation of persistent biofilms in diabetic wound sites limit its efficacy in this field. To address these issues, we developed a multifunctional antibacterial hydrogel dressing PPCN@Pt-AMPs/HGel with the cross-linked gelatin and sodium alginate as the matrix, where the nanosonosensitizer PCN-224 was decorated with the oxygen-generating Pt nanoenzyme and further coupled with a biofilm-targeting antimicrobial peptide via an interacting polydopamine layer.

Transcriptional and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal That GmESR1 Increases Soybean Seed Protein Content Through the Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis Pathway.

Soybeans are an economically vital food crop, which is employed as a key source of oil and plant protein globally. This study identified an EREBP-type transcription factor, GmESR1 (Enhance of Shot Regeneration). GmESR1 overexpression has been observed to significantly increase seed protein content.

Novel Insecticidal Benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazole Derivatives Idenatified Through Ring-Closure Scaffold Hopping on Fipronil.

A series of innovative benzo[4,5]imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazole scaffold containing compounds were rationally designed through a ring-closure scaffold hopping strategy and synthetized with an intermediate derivatization approach. Physicochemical properties analysis indicated the potential pesticide-likeness of the target compounds. The optimal target compound A14 showed relatively good insecticidal activity against P.

Fluorescent Tetraphenylethylene-Based Cerium Metal-Organic Frameworks for White-Light-Emitting Diodes.

Discovery of highly efficient and thermal stable phosphors is the focus of the studies in phosphor-converted white light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Herein, a tetraphenylethylene-based cerium metal-organic framework () was synthesized and characterized. The intricate architecture of shows an overall 3D → 3D 2-fold interpenetration framework.