Social appearance anxiety and body checking behavior in the relationship between social media addiction and depressive symptoms among college students.

Background: The relationship between social media addiction and depressive symptoms has been extensively studied; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unexplored. This study examined the mediating roles of social appearance anxiety and body checking behaviors in this relationship. This research aims to address the gap in understanding how social media addiction influences mental health, particularly among college students.

Rising Star: Lysosomes as dead cell buriers and key guardians of organismal homeostasis.

Xiaochen Wang studied plant biology as a Ph.D. student at Peking University, China, and worked on programmed cell death as a post-doctoral fellow at University of Colorado at Boulder.

Plasticity of the gut microbiome of golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in response to seasonal variation in diet.

The effects of seasonal fluctuations in food availability on gut microbiome composition, diversity, and function present significant challenges to animals with hard-to-digest diets. Here, we investigate seasonal variation the gut microbiome of wild golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana), a foregut fermenting primate, using metagenomics and metatranscriptomics data. We reconstructed 578 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), 76.

Causal association between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and primary open-angle glaucoma: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Glaucoma, especially primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), is a leading cause of irreversible vision loss. While elevated intraocular pressure is a major risk factor, the pathogenesis of POAG also involves genetics, oxidative stress, abnormal hemodynamics, and inflammatory factors. The role of systemic inflammation in POAG remains a subject of debate.

Melatonin Ameliorates Cognitive Impairment Following Exertional Heat Stroke by Inhibiting Ferroptosis and Neuroinflammation.

This study aims to investigate whether melatonin (MLT) exerts protective effects against cognitive impairment following exertional heat stroke (EHS) by modulating ferroportin (Fpn) to alleviate hippocampal ferroptosis and neuroinflammation. Following EHS, genes such as , , and were notably upregulated in the hippocampal tissue, whereas genes such as (encoding Fpn 1) and were downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis implicated ferroptosis as a dominant.

Technological limitations of solid-source chemical vapor deposition of van der Waals heterostructures.

The large-scale synthesis of van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHSs) is required to adopt these materials in electronic devices. However, the repeatable and controllable growth of vdWHSs has proven challenging. Here, we investigate the technological aspects of solid-source chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of two-dimensional heterostructures, with WS/graphene and MoS/graphene as examples.

BoXHED2.0: Scalable Boosting of Dynamic Survival Analysis.

Modern applications of survival analysis increasingly involve time-dependent covariates. The Python package (osted eact azard stimator with ynamic covariates) is a tree-boosted hazard estimator that is fully nonparametric, and is applicable to survival settings far more general than right-censoring, including recurring events and competing risks. is also scalable to the point of being on the same order of speed as parametric boosted survival models, in part because its core is written in C++ and it also supports the use of GPUs and multicore CPUs.

A surface-imprinting lanthanide fluorescent hybrid probe on SiO microspheres for the detection of enrofloxacin.

A surface-imprinted polymer SiO@Eu(DBM)phen/SMIP has been synthesized using enrofloxacin (ENFX) as the template molecule, methacrylic acid as the functional monomer, and the complex Eu(DBM)₃phen as a fluorescent moiety. The structure and the fluorescence sensing properties of SiO₂@Eu(DBM)₃phen/SMIP have been investigated in detail. The resulting material exhibited high selectivity, a low detection limit of 3.

LINC00461 promotes macrophage M1 polarization by inhibiting KLF4 transcription.

Background: Macrophage polarization is a complex process whereby macrophages differentiate into M1 (pro-inflammatory) or M2 (anti-inflammatory) phenotypes, mediating distinct and often opposing functions in immunity and tissue repair.

Methods: We analyzed LINC00461 expression in M1- and M2-polarized macrophages using qPCR. Functional assays (in vitro and in vivo) were performed to assess the effects of LINC00461 knockdown on cytokine secretion.

Analysis of the optimal patterns of serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP), AFP-L3% and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) detection in the diagnosis of liver cancers.

Background: Liver cancers are common malignancies that primarily include hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). Currently, the most commonly used serum markers for HCC are alpha fetoprotein (AFP), AFP-L3% and protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), while the most commonly used serum markers for CCA are carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9). In recent years, many HCC diagnostic models using the combined detection of serum AFP, AFP-L3% and PIVKA-II have been established.

2-Hydroxy-3-Methylanthraquinone Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma Progression by Blocking Annexin A5-Mediated Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Protein Kinase B Signaling.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common subtype of primary liver cancer, remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Although 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (HMA), a natural anthraquinone compound, has demonstrated antitumor activity in various malignancies, its specific role and underlying mechanisms in HCC are not fully understood. This study aimed to evaluate the antitumor effects and molecular mechanisms of HMA in HCC.

Ginsenoside Rb1 Alleviated the AKI to CKD Transition by Targeting VEGFR2.

The decrease of peritubular capillaries, a pathological feature of acute kidney injury (AKI), is a critical part that promotes the transition of AKI to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) has various pharmacological effects on multiple systemic diseases. However, whether Rb1 delays the transition of AKI to CKD and the mechanism are unclear.

Feasibility study of using GPT for history-taking training in medical education: a randomized clinical trial.

Backgrounds: Traditional methods of teaching history-taking in medical education are limited by scalability and resource intensity. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of simulated patient interactions based on a custom-designed Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) model, developed using OpenAI's ChatGPT GPTs platform, in enhancing medical students' history-taking skills compared to traditional role-playing methods.

Methods: A total of 56 medical students were randomly assigned into two groups: an GPT group using GPT-simulated patients and a control group using traditional role-playing.

Impact of different treatment strategies on therapeutic efficacy and biomarkers in children with IVIG-resistant Kawasaki disease: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is the standard first-line treatment for Kawasaki disease (KD), although 10%-20% of patients are resistant to initial IVIG therapy. This study investigates retreatment strategies and associated biomarkers in IVIG-resistant KD patients.

Methods: This retrospective analysis included 68 IVIG-resistant KD patients from the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University.

Integrating population genomics and environmental data to predict adaptation to climate change in post-bottleneck Tibetan macaques.

Rapid climate change represents a profound threat to biodiversity. Understanding the local adaptations and their vulnerabilities to climate change are imperative for developing conservation measures. Here, we combined a multidisciplinary approach to determine the local adaptations of an endemic and near-threatened primate, aiming to reveal its potential to cope with future climate change.

High-resolution detection of copy number alterations in single cells with HiScanner.

Improvements in single-cell whole-genome sequencing (scWGS) assays have enabled detailed characterization of somatic copy number alterations (CNAs) at the single-cell level. Yet, current computational methods are mostly designed for detecting chromosome-scale changes in cancer samples with low sequencing coverage. Here, we introduce HiScanner (High-resolution Single-Cell Allelic copy Number callER), which combines read depth, B-allele frequency, and haplotype phasing to identify CNAs with high resolution.

Tumor Membrane Based Delivery System Encapsulating Metfornin and TPP1 Peptide for Tumor Immune Therapy.

Conventional cancer treatments face significant limitations, prompting the exploration of immune combination therapies targeting immune checkpoints as a means to overcome these challenges. The PD-1/PD-L1 signaling pathway plays a crucial role in tumor proliferation and immune evasion. TPP1, a peptide inhibitor targeting PD-L1, effectively blocks this pathway and suppresses tumor growth.

Deciphering the ″Developmental Code″: A Comprehensive Review of Regulatory Mechanisms in Tomato Trichomes.

Trichomes serve as essential physical and chemical barriers against biotic and abiotic stresses. Unlike the unicellular trichomes of , tomato trichomes are multicellular structures, making them a valuable system for studying cell division and morphogenesis. Their development is governed by a sophisticated regulatory framework involving transcription factors (e.

Excessive autophagic degradation of MYLK3 causes sunitinib-induced cardiotoxicity.

Sunitinib is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma and imatinib-resistant gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Clinical data have shown that patients receiving sunitinib develop reduced cardiac function, arrhythmia and heart failure, thereby largely limiting its clinical use. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying sunitinib-induced arrhythmogenesis remain unclear.

Elevated frontal QRS-T angle as a predictor of cardiovascular risk in graves' disease: A comparative study.

Backgrounds: Graves' disease (GD) is linked to cardiovascular complications, but reliable non-invasive predictors are limited. This study aimed to assess whether the frontal QRS-T (fQRS-T) angle could predict mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in GD patients.

Methods: Initially, we conducted a retrospective analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters from 291 GD patients compared with 96 healthy controls.

Vitamin C reduces the loss of retinal ganglion cells in chronic glaucoma by inhibiting neuroinflammation.

Recent studies have revealed that glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Neuroinflammation is a significant cause of RGC loss. Vitamin C (Vit C) has been shown to inhibit neuroinflammation in other diseases; however, its effects in glaucoma are yet to be determined.

A dual-mode sensing platform based on novel Schiff base compounds for zinc ion detection and HeLa cell imaging via downconversion and NIR-excited upconversion luminescence.

We successfully synthesized two novel siloxane-containing Schiff base compounds, pBSIA and oBSIA, via a one-step process. These compounds exhibited remarkable upconversion luminescence properties, efficiently converting near-infrared (NIR) light into blue emission. Based on oBSIA, we developed a dual-mode sensing platform that integrates downconversion fluorescence and NIR-excited upconversion luminescence, enabling Zn detection and NIR-excited imaging of HeLa cells.

Novel boron-containing anthranilic diamide derivatives: design, synthesis, and exploration of the action mode against lepidopteran insects.

Background: Diamide insecticides targeting insect ryanodine receptors (RyRs) have demonstrated exceptional efficacy against lepidopteran insects while exhibiting low toxicity to non-target organisms. However, their widespread use over the past decade has led to the rapid development of pest resistance, diminishing their long-term effectiveness. Boron, an essential micronutrient for plant growth, has attracted attention in drug design, owing to its unique chemical properties.

Mechanisms Underlying the Impact of Interleukin Family on Acute Kidney Injury: Pathogenesis, Progression, and Therapy.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome with high mortality, and its pathogenesis involves complex inflammatory regulatory mechanisms. As core components of the cytokine network, interleukins (ILs) exert pleiotropic effects in the development of AKI, participating in processes such as inflammation, fibrosis, tissue damage repair, and remote organ injury. Moreover, ILs influence the progression of AKI by mediating the crosstalk among renal resident cells, immune cells, and fibroblasts.

Numerical Analysis of Slurry-Crack Coupling in Grouting Repair Process of Multiple Cracks in Concrete Material.

The interaction between slurry and concrete cracks influences the grouting diffusion process during the grouting repair engineering of cracked concrete material. Compared to a single-cracked concrete material, the slurry-concrete crack interaction mechanism of a multi-cracked concrete material is more complicated. This study employs the Monte Carlo method to generate a crack group with a certain probability distribution for characterizing the random cracks in the concrete material.