The long noncoding RNA SNHG12 defines KEAP1 stability and ferroptosis susceptibility by targeting E3 ligase TRIM25.

Ferroptosis is a novel type of programmed cell death caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Targeted induction of ferroptosis holds great promise for cancer treatment. SNHG, a newly recognized lncRNA family, has been reported to implicate in the proliferation, invasion, migration or drug resistance of cancer cells.

Dissolved organic nitrogen and phosphorus derived from different cyanobacteria regulate distinctly different nitrate reduction pathways in sediments.

The differentiation of the nitrate reduction pathway is of great significance in the ecosystem, as it determines the occurrence form of ecosystem N. In order to explore the impact and mechanism of different algal dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP) on differentiation of nitrate (NO-N) reduction pathway, small-scale enclosure experiment was conducted to analyze the DON and DOP composition, nutrient level, microbial community composition and NO-N reduction pathway in ponds with Microcystis and Dolichospermum blooms. The main DON produced by Microcystis included lipids and proteins as well as carbohydrate which were readily degradable, whereas the DOP produced by Dolichospermum predominantly consists of readily degradable forms such as carbohydrate and protein.

Microplastic Diversity as a Potential Driver of Soil Denitrification Shifts.

Microplastics (MPs) are raising significant global concerns due to their environmental impacts. While most studies have focused on the effects of individual MP types, MPs in natural environments typically coexist as multiple types, and their combined effects remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a microcosm experiment with four levels of MP diversity (0, 1, 3, and 5 types) to investigate the effects of MP diversity on soil ecosystem functions using metagenomic sequencing.

Haplotype-resolved genome and multi-omics landscape reveal an epigenetic regulation of citric acid accumulation in lemon.

Lemon (Citrus limon L.), an economically important Citrus species, produces high levels of citric acid. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying citric acid accumulation in lemon fruit are poorly understood.

Hybrid epigenome unveils parental genetic divergence shaping salt-tolerant heterosis in Brassica napus.

Heterosis holds great potential for improving yield, quality, and environmental adaptability in crop breeding, which suggests that hybrids can exhibit better performance in adapting to extreme environments. However, the epigenetic mechanisms of salt-tolerant heterosis in allopolyploid crop Brassica napus (AACC, 2n = 38), particularly chromatin accessibility, remain largely unexplored. We investigated the dynamics of chromatin accessibility and transcriptional reprogramming during a time course of salt exposure in Brassica napus hybridization.

Efficient eukaryotic expression and potent antiviral activity of a long-acting recombinant feline interferon-ω2-Fc fusion protein against major feline viruses.

Feline interferon-ω2 (FeIFN-ω2) holds potential as a therapeutic agent against feline viral infections. However, its clinical application is limited by rapid clearance and suboptimal antiviral effectiveness. Thus, in this study, an Fc-fused construct, FeIFN-ω2-Fc, was engineered to improve antiviral potency and pharmacokinetic properties both in vitro and in vivo.

Decoding Leishmania in Equines: A Comparative Analysis of Molecular Targets.

Parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania spp. create considerable health concerns in animals, resulting in a considerable financial impact. They causes a complex infection in equines, affecting weight gain, skin, liver, and spleen.

Analysis of candidate genes identified via genome-wide association analysis of sugar-related traits in maize kernels.

Maize (Zea mays L.) is a globally significant crop, with its kernel sugar content playing a crucial role in determining nutritional quality and industrial applications. This study aimed to elucidate the genetic mechanisms underlying sugar-related traits in maize kernels through genome-wide association studies.

Deoxynivalenol-laden gut-derived extracellular vesicles impair intestinal barrier integrity via 5_19616/PPAR-γ-mediated macrophage polarization dysregulation.

Deoxynivalenol (DON), a pervasive mycotoxin contaminating crops and soil, poses significant threats to ecological security and intestinal homeostasis. While gut microbiota dysbiosis is implicated in DON-induced enterotoxicity, the engineering-driven mechanisms linking gut-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) to environmental-host interactions remain unexplored. Here, we isolated and characterized gut-derived EVs (DON-EVs) from DON-exposed mice, employing ultracentrifugation, transmission electron microscope, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and protein marker validation.

Unlocking the metabolic code of Qingzhuan tea from fresh leaves to finished product: Insights into flavor evolution at an industrial scale.

Qingzhuan tea (QZT) acquires distinctive sensory and functional properties, but the quality evolution during lengthy industrial processing remains unclear. Therefore, this study deciphers the flavor evolution mechanisms by analyzing non-volatile dynamics from fresh leaves to finished tea. A total of 821 metabolites were identified, with 136 differential metabolites mainly comprising lipid degradation and flavonoids polymerization potentially driving the formation of flavor.

Co-treatment of ethylene and methyl jasmonate synergistically enhances postharvest marketability and quality of lemons by regulating phenolic metabolism and antioxidant capacity.

Lemon (Citrus limon), an important citrus fruit, suffers from slow postharvest ripening and rapid quality deterioration, including moisture loss and membrane lipid peroxidation. This study investigated the effects of ethylene (ETH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) co-treatment on ripening and quality maintenance of green-mature lemons. ETH + MeJA accelerated peel degreening, improved marketability, and simultaneously suppressed the ETH-induced high respiration rate and weight loss, preserving soluble solids, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid.

Research on the construction method and characterization of neutralizing mouse-canine chimeric antibody against canine distemper virus.

Canine distemper (CD) is an acute infectious disease that poses significant health risks to canines. Neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapy has demonstrated substantial efficacy in prevent CDV infection. However, immune rejection reactions prevent the use of mouse-derived mAbs in the prophylactic protection of CD.

Cowpea Lipid Transfer Protein LTP1 Mediates Plant Resistance to .

Plant lipid transfer proteins (LTPs), belonging to pathogenesis-related protein 14 family, participate in plant immune response to biotic stress. LTP1 from was previously shown to be able to suppress infection by cowpea mosaic virus and soybean mosaic virus. However, whether cowpea LTP1 participates in the plant resistance to other plant pathogens remains unclear.

Taurine Supplementation Enhances the Resistance of Postlarvae to Low-Salinity Stress.

In aquaculture, Pacific white shrimp () growth in low-salinity waters is limited by osmoregulatory stress; therefore, improving resistance to low-salinity stress via nutritional modulation is key. In the present study, shrimp postlarvae were provided with a taurine supplement under low-salinity stress, and then the survival rate, the histology, the Na/K-ATPase (NKA) expression pattern and transcriptomic sequencing were investigated to evaluate the postlarval responses. The results showed that the postlarva survival rate in low-salinity water was only 61.

Duplicated Genes on Homologous Chromosomes Decipher the Dominant Epistasis of the Fiberless Mutant in Cotton.

Cotton fiber initiation determines the fiber yield, yet the genetic basis underlying lint and fuzz initiation has still not been fully uncovered. Here, map-based cloning was carried out to identify the fiberless mutant genes derived from a cross between acc. WT and a natural fiberless mutant, .

Intelligent Design of Terminators by Coupling Prediction and Generation Models.

Terminators are specific nucleotide sequences located at the 3' end of a gene and contain transcription termination information. As a fundamental genetic regulatory element, terminators play a crucial role in the design of gene circuits. Accurately characterizing terminator strength is essential for improving the precision of gene circuit designs.

Female light capture is shaped by juvenile hormone-mediated post-mating behavior in the diamondback moth.

Background: Post-mating behavioral changes are crucial for optimizing female reproductive success in insects, frequently resulting in shifts in both physiology and behavior. In moths, light traps typically capture more mated females than unmated ones; however, the mechanisms driving this discrepancy remain unclear.

Results: In this study, we examined how mating status influences female light capture in the diamondback moth (DBM; Plutella xylostella).

Natural variation in the GhTTL promoter modulates cotton fiber elongation through the GhTALE-GhTTL-GhBIN2 module.

Cotton fiber length, a key determinant of its industrial utility, is one of the most important agricultural traits subjected to domestication. However, the genetic determinants and molecular mechanisms underlying natural variation in fiber length remain inadequately characterized. We identified GhTTL as a critical positive regulator of fiber elongation through genome-wide association analysis (GWAS).

A de novo-originated gene drives rose scent diversification.

How evolution builds genes, how these genes attain enhanced expression, and how they integrate into existing regulatory networks to drive phenotypic diversification are all fascinating questions. Here, we generated chromosome-level genome assemblies for two Rosa banksiae subspecies and re-sequenced an additional 40 rose accessions. Genomic analysis of more than 100 Rosa accessions revealed multiple evolutionary steps leading to the de novo origination of a taxon-restricted gene, SCREP, specific to the rose lineage.

Yeasts in traditional Baijiu fermentation: diversity, functions, microbial interactions and applications.

Baijiu is a traditional distilled liquor unique to China. Its distinctive flavor is shaped by the synergistic activity of complex microbial communities, among which yeasts play a central role in sugar metabolism, ethanol fermentation, and aroma synthesis. In recent years, the advancement of isolation and cultivation techniques, high-throughput sequencing, metagenomics, and multi-omics technologies has deepened our understanding of yeast community compositions, succession patterns, and functional characteristics during Baijiu brewing.

Mechanically Adaptive Cathode-Electrolyte Interphase via Dynamic Covalent Chemistry for Long-Life Ni-Rich Lithium Batteries.

High-nickel LiNiCoMnO (NCM83) cathodes suffer from interfacial instability resulting from cathode-electrolyte reactions and anisotropic mechanical strain within secondary particles. Herein, we present a mechanically adaptive cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) engineered via a dynamic covalent network that features a supramolecular ion-conducting polyurethane ureido-pyrimidinone (SPU-UPy) elastomer. The dynamic network integrates cooperative hydrogen bonds and disulfide bonds and imparts exceptional mechanical resilience and autonomous self-healing capabilities that allow it to accommodate volume fluctuations without compromising structural integrity.

SP3 and DEP1 Orchestrate Panicle Architecture by Jointly Regulating APO2 Expression in Rice.

Panicle architecture is largely determined by meristem activity. This previous study shows that DNA binding with one finger (Dof) transcription factor Short Panicle 3 (SP3) regulates panicle architecture. However, the molecular mechanisms of SP3 controlling panicle architecture remain largely unknown.

Structural basis of the RNA-mediated Retron-Eco2 oligomerization.

In the evolutionary arms race between bacteria and viruses, retrons have emerged as distinctive antiphage defense systems. Here, we elucidate the structure and function of Retron-Eco2, which comprises a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that encodes multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA, a DNA‒RNA hybrid) and a fusion protein containing a reverse transcriptase (RT) domain and a topoisomerase-primase-like (Toprim) effector domain. The Eco2 msDNA and RT-Toprim fusion protein form a 1:1 stoichiometric nucleoprotein complex that further assembles into a trimer (msDNA:RT-Toprim ratio of 3:3) with a distinctive triangular configuration.

Fucoidan enhances stability of gelatin/anthocyanin-based oleogels via hydrogen-bonded crosslinking.

Polyphenols and edible polysaccharides have emerged as promising crosslinking agents to enhance structural stabilities of protein emulsions and their templated oleogels. To enhance stabilities of gelatin (G) emulsion-based oleogels, three edible polysaccharides and two typical polyphenols were employed to oleogel preparation. Fucoidan (FUC) and flaxseed gum (FG) formed more compact network than sodium alginate, improving three-phase contact of gelatin.

Characterization and application of a novel phage CC_R7 as a biocontrol agent in chicken meat.

is a major foodborne pathogen, commonly transmitted through poultry. The emergence of multidrug-resistant strains due to antibiotic overuse in poultry farming highlights the need for monitoring resistance patterns and exploring alternative control strategies, such as bacteriophage application. This study examined the antimicrobial resistance patterns in () and ().