Unlocking the metabolic code of Qingzhuan tea from fresh leaves to finished product: Insights into flavor evolution at an industrial scale.

Qingzhuan tea (QZT) acquires distinctive sensory and functional properties, but the quality evolution during lengthy industrial processing remains unclear. Therefore, this study deciphers the flavor evolution mechanisms by analyzing non-volatile dynamics from fresh leaves to finished tea. A total of 821 metabolites were identified, with 136 differential metabolites mainly comprising lipid degradation and flavonoids polymerization potentially driving the formation of flavor.

In-depth comparative immunotoxicity assessment of pristine and aged PLA microplastics in zebrafish larvae: Bioaccumulation and NF-κB signaling insights.

Polylactic acid (PLA) plastics are widely utilized as biodegradable alternatives, yet their fragmentation into microplastics (MPs) poses ecological risks. Comprehensive assessments and mechanistic insights into their immunotoxicity are currently lacking. This study systematically evaluated immunotoxic effects and underlying mechanism of pristine and aged PLA (APLA) MPs in larval zebrafish.

Genetic insights into causal effects of lipids and lipid-modifying targets on calcific aortic valve stenosis: a Mendelian randomized study.

Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is steadily rising worldwide with no effective pharmacological agents available. Observational studies implicated dyslipidaemia as a risk factor for CAVS. Whether dyslipidaemia is causative for CAVS and the therapeutic potential of different lipid-modifying drug targets for CAVS treatment remains unclear.

Unraveling the dynamic metabolite changes during the rolling-cutting of CTC black tea at an industrial scale.

Background: The rolling-cutting process (RCP) is a crucial process in crush-tear-curl (CTC) black tea, but its quality formation is far from clear. This study aims to elucidate the dynamics of sensory quality and metabolites through quantitative descriptive analysis, headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results: Sixteen key characteristic aromas with ratio of each relative odor activity value (rOAV) to the maximum rOAV (ROAV) ≥ 0.

Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase Modulates Midgut Physiology in Through miRNA Regulation: Insights from Small RNA Sequencing and Gene Expression Analysis.

mosquitoes are critical vectors of arboviruses, responsible for transmitting pathogens that pose significant public health challenges. Serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT), a key enzyme in one-carbon metabolism, plays a vital role in various biological processes, including DNA synthesis, energy metabolism, and cell proliferation. Although is expressed at low levels in the midgut of , its silencing has been shown to inhibit blood meal digestion.

PIGR predicts good clinical outcomes and plays a tumor suppressor role in the development of breast cancer.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BRCA) is a phenotypically and functionally heterogeneous disease. New biomarkers or therapeutic targets must be discovered to improve treatment effects. The polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) plays an anti-cancer role in various human malignancies.

Development of a chitosanase 3-like protein 1 assay kit and study of its application in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective: The detection kit for plasma Chitinase-3-like Protein 1 was developed using the magnetic bead chemiluminescence method, in order to investigate the diagnostic value of DD, FDP, CHI3L1, AFP-L3 and PIVKA-II in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Method: The CHI3L1 detection kit was developed using the chemiluminescence method. The luminescence value obtained from the chemiluminescence analyzer was utilized for sensitive detection of CHI3L1, and the performance of the kit was evaluated accordingly.

Dynamic evolution of volatile and non-volatile metabolic profiles in black tea during fermentation on an industrial scale.

The effect of fermentation process on the formation of quality compounds of crush-tear-curl black tea (CTCBT) was unclear. In this study, a total of nine characteristic volatile compounds were screened, and their contents generally exhibited an upward trend during the fermentation process. Among them, the increase in the contents of phenylethanal, 2,4-hexadienal, and guaiacol contributed to the formation of a sweet aroma in tea, while the increase in hexanal and (2E)-hexanal contents helped suppress the production of off-flavors.

Regulatory mechanisms of nitrogen homeostasis in insect growth and development.

Nitrogen is an essential element for the synthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, and various other critical biological molecules in insects. The maintenance of nitrogen homeostasis in insects is achieved through a balance of dietary intake, metabolic conversion, and excretion. Insects primarily acquire nitrogen from their diet, which is subsequently metabolized into amino acids, proteins, and other vital biomolecules following digestion and absorption.

SHMT, SHMTML and PRPS1 synergize to regulate blood digestion and nutrient metabolism in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Mosquitoes rely on vertebrate blood for nutrients vital for ovarian development. The enzyme serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT) is crucial for amino acid and one‑carbon metabolism, playing a significant role in blood digestion and nutrient use in mosquitoes, though its functional mechanism remains further investigation. Using CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the SHMT gene, we observed impaired blood digestion, delayed ovarian development, and inability to fly in mosquitoes.

Identification of risk factors for renal progression in adults with IgAV: a retrospective cohort study of a single center in northwest China.

Objectives: This investigation sought to examine the clinical and pathological characteristics, outcomes, and risk factors linked to the progression of renal function in adult-onset immunoglobulin A (IgA) vasculitis within a single center in northwest China.

Methods: Data were retrospectively gathered from cases of adult-onset IgA vasculitis recorded at a tertiary hospital in northwest China, covering the period from January 2013 to August 2024. During the follow-up, clinical information was compared between patients who advanced to chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 and those who did not.

Neurological Outcomes of Joint Exposure to Polystyrene Micro/Nanospheres and Silver Nanoparticles in Zebrafish.

Background: Micro/nanoplastics and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are emerging environmental contaminants widely detected in aquatic environments. However, previous research has primarily focused on the interactions between micro/nanoplastics and organic substances or heavy metals, whereas the interactions and combined toxic effects of micro/nanoplastics with AgNPs remain unclear.

Objective: Our study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of coexposure to AgNPs and polystyrene micro/nanospheres (PS M/NPs) on the nervous system, comparing the toxicity of AgNPs alone and in combination with PS M/NPs in larval zebrafish.

[Left Ventricular Structural and Functional Changes in Obese Subjects With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction After Bariatric Surgery: Assessment With Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging].

Objective: To investigate the longitudinal changes in left ventricular (LV) structure and function after bariatric surgery in obese individuals and their relationship with preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 75 obese subjects scheduled for laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy and 46 age and sex-matched healthy controls (the control group). All subjects underwent CMR examination to obtain LV structural parameters, LVEF, and strain parameters.

Polylactic acid microplastics before and after aging induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish by disrupting the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biodegradable alternative to traditional plastics due to its excellent biocompatibility. However, PLA is challenging to fully degrade and can easily become microplastics (MPs) in surface water, a process accompanied by aging. This study found that aged PLA (APLA) MPs exhibited increased surface roughness, decreased surface potential, and more oxygen-containing functional groups compared to PLA.

Analysis of the clinicopathological and imaging features in breast intraductal papillary lesions with or without pathological nipple discharge.

With the popularity of breast screening, more and more intraductal papillary lesions (IDPL)were detected by ultrasound or mammography, which is a spectrum of diseases ranging from benign to malignant lesions. Patients with pathological nipple discharge (PND) may indicate IDPL, but it is difficult to clarify their biological characteristics before the operation. As to patients with IDPL without PND, it is even an enormous challenge to differentiate their benign or malignant characteristics.

Investigating the role of oviductal mucosa-endometrial co-culture in modulating factors relevant to embryo implantation.

Background: Intrauterine adhesions (IUAs) are a significant clinical challenge, affecting reproductive health and leading to infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying IUA prevention is crucial for developing effective treatment strategies.

Objective: To investigate the interaction between oviductal mucosal cells and endometrial cells and their effects on the expression of key molecules involved in embryo implantation, specifically leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), avβ3, estrogen receptor (ER), and progesterone receptor (PR).

Exploring the feasibility of FOCUS DWI with deep learning reconstruction for breast cancer diagnosis: A comparative study with conventional DWI.

Purpose: This study compared field-of-view (FOV) optimized and constrained undistorted single-shot diffusion-weighted imaging (FOCUS DWI) with deep-learning-based reconstruction (DLR) to conventional DWI for breast imaging.

Methods: This study prospectively enrolled 49 female patients suspected of breast cancer from July to December 2023. The patients underwent conventional and FOCUS breast DWI and data were reconstructed with and without DLR.

The aroma formation from fresh tea leaves of Longjing 43 to finished Enshi Yulu tea at an industrial scale.

Background: Enshi Yulu tea (ESYL) is the most representative of steamed green tea in China, but its aroma formation in processing is unclear. Thus, the ESYL volatiles during the whole industrial processing were investigated using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Results: A total of 134 volatiles were identified.

Comprehensive Review on Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation and Its Application in Deciphering Protein-Protein Interactions in Cell Signaling Pathways.

Signaling pathways are responsible for transmitting information between cells and regulating cell growth, differentiation, and death. Proteins in cells form complexes by interacting with each other through specific structural domains, playing a crucial role in various biological functions and cell signaling pathways. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) within cell signaling pathways are essential for signal transmission and regulation.

Dynamic changes in the aroma profiles and volatiles of Enshi Yulu tea throughout its industrial processing.

Although Enshi Yulu tea (ESYL) possesses a distinctive fragrance, there is a scarcity of studies focusing on its primary volatiles or aroma genesis. This study aims to elucidate the dynamics in the profiles of aromas and volatiles through aroma profiling analysis and headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 10 aroma attributes and 128 volatiles were identified in ESYL, with geraniol and linalool exhibiting the highest levels, and alcohols constituting the predominant proportion.

Let-7 microRNA targets BmCentrin to modulate the development and functionality of the middle silk gland in the silkworm, Bombyx mori.

The silk gland of the silkworm Bombyx mori serves as a valuable model for investigating the morphological structure and physiological functions of organs. Previous studies have demonstrated the notable regulatory role of let-7 microRNA in the silk gland, but its specific molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated across different segments of this organ. In this study, we further investigated the functional mechanism of let-7 in the middle silk gland (MSG).

Long non-coding RNAs as promising targets for controlling disease vector mosquitoes.

Hematophagous female mosquitoes are important vectors of numerous devastating human diseases, posing a major public health threat. Effective prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases rely considerably on progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of various life activities, and accordingly, the molecules that regulate the various life activities of mosquitoes are potential targets for implementing future vector control strategies. Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified in mosquitoes and significant progress has been made in determining their functions.

Comparative impact of pristine and aged microplastics with triclosan on lipid metabolism in larval zebrafish: Unveiling the regulatory role of miR-217.

The prevalence of microplastics (MPs), especially aged particles, interacting with contaminants like triclosan (TCS), raises concerns about their toxicological effects on aquatic life. This study focused on the impact of aged polyamide (APA) MPs and TCS on zebrafish lipid metabolism. APA MPs, with rougher surfaces and lower hydrophobicity, exhibited reduced TCS adsorption than unaged polyamide (PA) MPs.

NKAIN1, as an oncogene, promotes the proliferation and metastasis of breast cancer, affecting its prognosis.

Na, K-ATPase interaction (NKAIN) is a transmembrane protein family, which can interact with Na, K-ATPase β1 subunit. NKAIN1 plays an important role in alcohol-dependent diseases such as endometrial and prostate cancers. However, the relationship between NKAIN1 and human breast cancer has not been studied.