Duplicated Genes on Homologous Chromosomes Decipher the Dominant Epistasis of the Fiberless Mutant in Cotton.

Cotton fiber initiation determines the fiber yield, yet the genetic basis underlying lint and fuzz initiation has still not been fully uncovered. Here, map-based cloning was carried out to identify the fiberless mutant genes derived from a cross between acc. WT and a natural fiberless mutant, .

Distinguishing atypical parotid carcinomas and pleomorphic adenomas based on multiphasic computed tomography radiomics nomogram: a multicenter study.

Objective: This study aimed to develop, validate, and test a comprehensive radiomics prediction model using clinical data and contrast-enhanced multiphasic computed tomography (CT) scans for differentiating between atypical parotid carcinomas (PCAs) and pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) within a multicenter cohort.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 218 patients diagnosed with either PAs (n=162) or atypical PCAs (n=56) (no invasion of adjacent tissues or lymph node metastases) across three anonymized hospitals, divided into a training set (n=175) and a validation set (n=43). Clinical features and radiological findings were used to develop a clinical model.

FEN1 plays a key role in the transition from HSIL to CSCC.

Cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is a well-recognized precursor to cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). This study aims to explore molecular mechanisms underlying this transition. The datasets of HSIL and CSCC were downloaded from gene expression omnibus database (GEO).

A Comprehensive Review of Radical-Mediated Intramolecular Cyano-Group Migration.

The radical-mediated intramolecular translocation of cyano groups has been recognized as a useful tool for the site-selective functionalization of organic molecules. The process is believed to proceed through the addition of an in situ-generated carbon-centered radical to the nitrile triple bond, followed by the β-scission of the resulting cyclic iminyl radical intermediate to relocate the cyano group and produce a more stable carbon radical for further elaboration. Beginning in the early 1960s and continuing for the next forty years, the research in this particular area has seen a surge of growth during the past two decades with advancements in radical chemistry and photocatalysis.

Bismuth/tin-based artificial interface for overcoming the anode passivation of rechargeable magnesium batteries.

A bimetallic Bi/Sn artificial interface layer is constructed on an Mg anode displacement reaction to address passivation challenges in ether-based electrolytes. Compared to the nucleation overpotential of Mg (-3.21 V), that of the fabricated BiSn@Mg is lower (0.

The Role of miR-181a-5p and its Target Genes in the Progression of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma and Association With the Immune Microenvironment.

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is one of the most predominant pathological types of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with a high metastatic rate and poor prognosis. There is growing appreciation that miR-181a-5p plays a crucial role in various cancers, but the relevance of miR-181a-5p to disease progression in ccRCC and its mechanism of action in ccRCC remain poorly reported in detail. This study purposed to explore new biomarkers related to the prognosis of ccRCC and to uncover their potential mechanisms in influencing ccRCC progression.

ZnTs: Key Regulators of Zn Homeostasis in Diseases.

Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element that plays a crucial role in various biological functions. Aberrant Zn homeostasis may lead to the occurrence and development of diseases. Zinc transporters, primarily classified into two families in humans: the ZnT (SLC30A) family and the ZIP (SLC39A) family, are critical regulators of Zn homeostasis.

Mitochondrial iron transport via MFRN1 is required for erythroid cell cycle progression.

Iron metabolism drives key erythropoietic processes, including hemoglobinization, survival, and proliferation. Here, we developed in vivo methods to interrogate how iron regulates erythropoiesis and report that mitochondrial iron transport via MFRN1 is essential for erythroid cell cycle progression. mfrn1 embryos had severely decreased erythroid cell number caused by cell cycle arrest at G2/M.

Csde1 Mediates Neurogenesis via Post-transcriptional Regulation of the Cell Cycle.

Loss-of-function variants in CSDE1 have been strongly linked to neuropsychiatric disorders, yet the precise role of CSDE1 in neurogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we demonstrate that knockout of Csde1 during cortical development in mice results in impaired neural progenitor proliferation, leading to abnormal cortical lamination and embryonic lethality. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Csde1 upregulates the transcription of genes involved in the cell cycle network.

Retrospective study on NIPT or NIPT plus combined with ultrasound in screening fetal chromosomal abnormalities.

This retrospective study analyzed 306 pregnant women, with 182 undergoing genetic testing using NIPT plus and CMA, and 124 undergoing standard NIPT and CMA. The study aimed to compare the clinical performance of NIPT and NIPT plus in prenatal evaluation by using CMA as the gold standard to assess the diagnostic efficiency of the two screening methods. NIPT plus and NIPT results were correlated with ultrasound findings to evaluate their accuracy and clinical utility.

Regulatory effects of lactic acid bacteria co-fermented shoots on lipid-lowering functions and the gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice.

This study employed  R1 and Lactobacillus brevis R2 to ferment  shoots, significantly enhancing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) content to 365.86 mg kg, representing a 3.86-fold increase compared to natural fermentation.

Multiple nucleotide variants in genetic diagnosis: implications from 11,467 cases of hearing loss.

Multiple nucleotide variants (MNVs) are frequently misannotated as separate single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) by widely utilized variant-calling pipelines, presenting substantial challenges in genetic testing and research. The role of MNVs in genetic diagnosis remains inadequately characterized, particularly within large disease cohorts. In this study, we comprehensively investigate codon-level MNVs (cMNVs) across 157 hearing loss (HL)-related genes in 11,467 HL cases and 7258 controls from the Chinese Deafness Gene Consortium (CDGC) cohort.

CENPF as a Potential Biomarker Associated with the Immune Microenvironment of Renal Cancer.

IntroductionRenal cancer, particularly Kidney Renal Clear Cell Carcinoma (KIRC), remains a major clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Identifying reliable biomarkers for tumor progression and survival is critical for improving patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the role of Centromere Protein F (CENPF) as a potential prognostic biomarker for renal cancer.

Accelerometer-derived "weekend warrior" physical activity, sedentary behavior, and risk of dementia.

Background: Research has shown that sedentary behavior (SB) may increase dementia risk, but it remains unclear whether concentrated moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) can compensate such negative effects. This study aimed to explore the association between different MVPA patterns combined with SB time and the risk of dementia.

Methods: This prospective study used data from the UK Biobank cohort, which provided accelerometer-based physical activity data for a full week from February 2013 to December 2015.

Cerebrospinal fluid proteomics identification of biomarkers for amyloid and tau PET stages.

Accurate staging of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is crucial for therapeutic trials and prognosis, but existing fluid biomarkers lack specificity, especially for assessing tau deposition severity, in amyloid-beta (Aβ)-positive patients. We analyze cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from 136 participants in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative using more than 6,000 proteins. We apply machine learning to predict AD pathological stages defined by amyloid and tau positron emission tomography (PET).

Molecular mechanisms of Lycii Fructus (Goji berries) against xanthine dehydrogenase in hyperuricemia management: Integrating computational, metabolomic, and experimental approaches.

Lycii Fructus (LF), commonly known as Goji berries, has shown potential for managing hyperuricemia, though its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study employs a combination of network-based systems pharmacology, computer-aided drug discovery, untargeted metabolomics and experiments to explore the urate-lowering effects of LF. Molecular docking simulations of 3,760 LF compound-target interactions identified xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) as a key target.

NAC transcription factor GbNTL9 modifies the accumulation and organization of cellulose microfibrils to enhance cotton fiber strength.

Introduction: Fiber strength is a critical determinant of fiber quality, with stronger fibers being highly preferred in the cotton textile industry. However, the genetic basis and the specific regulatory mechanism underlying the formation of cotton fiber strength remain largely unknown.

Objectives: To explore fiber strength-related genes, QTL mapping, map-based cloning, and gene function verification were conducted in a backcross inbred line BS41 derived from interspecific hybridization between upland cotton and sea-island cotton.

3-Indoleacetic Acid-Modified Chondroitin Sulfate-Mediated Paclitaxel Nanocrystal Assembly for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.

High drug-loading nanocrystals show significant advantages in delivering hydrophobic small-molecule drugs. However, these nanocrystals face challenges, including inherent instability and limited targetability. In this study, we developed a paclitaxel nanocrystal delivery platform based on chondroitin sulfate modified with 3-indoleacetic acid (CS-IAA).

Riverine microplastics in the Mount Everest region affected by glacier meltwater.

Understanding the distribution and drivers of microplastics (MPs) in remote and sensitive environments is essential for assessing their ecological impacts and devising mitigation strategies. This study investigates the distribution and characteristics of MPs in streams and sediments of the Mt. Everest region.

Accelerometer-measured physical activity timing with incident dementia.

Introduction: Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is linked to lower dementia risk, though the optimal timing remains unclear.

Methods: Using accelerometer-measured MVPA data from 90,329 dementia-free UK Biobank participants with at least 2 years of follow-up, we assessed associations between MVPA patterns (morning, afternoon, evening, mixed, inactive) and dementia risk via multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models.

Results: Compared to the inactive group, participants with a tendency of morning MVPA had a lower risk of all-cause dementia (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.

SGLT2 inhibition, circulating biomarkers, and Alzheimer's disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors is a novel category of medications for diabetes, exhibiting neuroprotective potential. However, evidence regarding whether the use of SGLT2 inhibitors effectively reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains unclear.

Objective: Our study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate potential causal relationships between SGLT2 inhibition, metabolites, and AD.

PLUNC downregulates the expression of PD-L1 by inhibiting the interaction of DDX17/β-catenin in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is characterized by high programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and abundant infiltration of non-malignant lymphocytes, which renders patients potentially suitable candidates for immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC) inhibit the growth of NPC cells and enhance cellular apoptosis and differentiation. Currently, the relationship between PLUNC (as a tumor-suppressor) and PD-L1 in NPC is unclear.

Potential candidates from a functional food (Sichuan pepper) for the management of hyperuricemia: high-through virtual screening, network pharmacology and dynamics simulations.

Introduction: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic syndrome caused by purine metabolism disorders. (ZP) is a medicinal and food homologous plant, and its ripe peel is used to treat diseases and as a spice for cooking. Some studies have shown that ZP can inhibit the formation of xanthine oxidase and reduce the production of uric acid.

Efficacy and safety outcomes of endovascular versus best medical treatment in posterior cerebral artery occlusion stroke.

Background: The management of acute ischemic stroke due to isolated posterior cerebral artery occlusion (iPCAO) remains a topic of debate. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment (EVT) versus best medical treatment (BMT) in patients with iPCAO.

Methods: A systematic search was conducted across electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library.