Oral Immunization with Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing TM1 of Mycoplasma gallisepticum induces Unique Specific Antibodies and Protective Immunity.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is one of the main pathogens causing chronic respiratory diseases in chickens, which seriously affects the sustainable and healthy development of the poultry industry and leading to heavy economic losses. Therefore, we developed a safe, efficient, convenient, and low-cost MG oral vaccine. The vaccine is based on a recombinant yeast surface display system to compensate for the shortcomings of existing vaccines.

Aflatoxin B1-Induced Male Reproductive Toxicity: Bioactivation, Mechanisms, Molecular Pathways, and Mitigation by Phytochemicals in Humans and Animals.

Aflatoxins (AFTs) represent a major subclass of mycotoxins that are widely recognized as critical contaminants in both food systems and environmental matrices (soil, water, air dust). Among them, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is identified as the most toxic and biologically active compound, exhibiting a broad spectrum of deleterious effects, including nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and genotoxicity. Increasing evidence has highlighted the role of AFB1 in impairing reproductive health, with a particular emphasis on AFB1-induced infertility in both humans and animals.

Spinal Gout: A Rare but Serious Mimicker of Spinal Pathology-Report of Two Cases.

In this report of two cases, we describe two patients with spinal involvement of gout. The first case involved a 67-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a one-week history of weakness in both the upper and lower limbs, despite no prior history of gout. Cervical spine MRI revealed spinal cord compression at the C4 level from a posterior lesion.

Synergistic effects of ultrasound, pH-shifting and transglutaminase on high internal phase pickering emulsion stabilized by whey protein isolate microgel particles.

Protein-based particle-stabilized high internal phase Pickering emulsion gels (HIPPEGs) are gaining interest for their potential in stable, functional, and reduced-fat food products. Whey protein isolate microgels (WPIMs), as natural emulsifiers, are particularly promising; however, the combined effects of transglutaminase (T), ultrasonic (U), and pH-shifting (P) treatments on their functionality remains underexplored. The aim of the current study was to investigate the impact of U, P, and T treatments on the structure and characteristics of HIPPEGs.

Broadband OAM vortex beams generating through transmitarray for millimeter wave applications.

In this paper, we propose a wideband transmitting metasurface to generate orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex beams for millimeter-wave communication applications, such as advanced wireless systems and 5G/6G networks. Our proposed element comprises four dielectric layers and four conductor layers, with a separation between layers set at 0.2 mm and the thickness throughout of 2.

Boron-efficient varieties promote the green production of sugarbeets in boron-deficient environments by recruiting beneficial rhizosphere soil microorganisms via root exudates.

Boron (B)-efficient varieties are more capable of thriving in low-B conditions, decrease the depletion of B ore resources and reduce the likelihood of environmental contamination caused by the excessive B fertilizer inputs. However, how B-efficient beets influence soil microbiome and adapt to a B-deficient environment remain largely enigmatic. This study examines the relationship between the rhizosphere microbiome and root metabolomics using beet B-efficient (KWS1197) and B-inefficient (KWS0143) varieties.

Zirconium-based MOFs as pH-responsive drug delivery systems: encapsulation and release profiles of ciprofloxacin.

As antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to rise, the need for improved antibiotic delivery systems is urgent to prevent overexposure from systemic administration. To address this clinical trial, metal-organic frameworks have developed as promising contender for regulated drug release. In this study, ciprofloxacin (CIP) was encapsulated into two zirconium-based MOFs (ZrMOF-1 and Zr-MOF-2), synthesized a previously reported solvothermal method.

Mitochondrial iron transport via MFRN1 is required for erythroid cell cycle progression.

Iron metabolism drives key erythropoietic processes, including hemoglobinization, survival, and proliferation. Here, we developed in vivo methods to interrogate how iron regulates erythropoiesis and report that mitochondrial iron transport via MFRN1 is essential for erythroid cell cycle progression. mfrn1 embryos had severely decreased erythroid cell number caused by cell cycle arrest at G2/M.

Airborne microplastics in leaves and food safety risks.

Global plastic production has surged. Li et al. provide evidence of an important aspect of terrestrial plastic pollution, highlighting leaf absorption of airborne plastics as a major route into plants.

FAM210B regulates iron homeostasis and sex-specific responses in stress erythropoiesis.

Iron is required for redox homeostasis but poses toxicity risks due to its redox activity. Erythropoiesis hence requires tight regulation of iron utilization for hemoglobin synthesis. The requirement for iron in erythropoiesis has necessitated the evolution of mechanisms to handle the iron required for hemoglobinization.

Seaweed extract combined with boron promotes the growth of sugar beet by improving the photosynthetic performance under boron deficiency.

Biostimulants can improve mineral nutrient effectiveness, but the physiological mechanisms by which seaweed extract, a natural biostimulant, and boron (B) fertilizer promote the growth of sugar beet under B deficiency are not clear. In this study, B and seaweed extract were applied under B-deficiency (0.32 mg B kg soil) and potentially B-deficient conditions (0.

A Rare Case of Bilateral Foot Drop Following Cervical Decompression in Tandem Spinal Stenosis.

This case report describes a 70-year-old male presenting with limb weakness, urinary retention and tandem cervical and lumbar spinal stenosis with complicating white cord syndrome, a rare reperfusion injury post decompression surgery. Initially admitted following an unwitnessed fall, the patient's neurological examination indicated that progressive weakness of the limbs and sensory loss etiology is cervical and lumbar spondylosis with severe spinal canal stenosis, confirmed by imaging. Due to rapid deterioration, he underwent C5 corpectomy, cervical decompression and fusion.

Dihydromyricetin Suppresses Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Intestinal Injury Through Reducing Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and NOD-Like Receptor Pyrin Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome Activation.

As an integral component of the gram-negative bacterial cellular envelope, excess production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) regularly precipitates causing intestinal damage and barrier dysfunction in avian species. Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a naturally occurring constituent in rattan tea, exhibits protective characteristics against various tissue injuries. However, the intervention mechanism of DHM on intestinal injury induced by LPS in chickens has not been determined.

Where Do We Stand in Blood Transfusion Practices: Insights From the First Clinical Audit From Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.

Objective To evaluate the appropriateness of packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusions across different departments of a tertiary care hospital. Methods This audit included 632 patients admitted to the major departments of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, who received one or more PRBC transfusions from November 2023 till July 2024. Six categories were defined who had different characteristics and thresholds for PRBC transfusion according to the Association for the Advancement of Blood & Biotherapies Red Blood Cell Transfusion International Guidelines.

Zinc and methyl jasmonate improve sugar beet tolerance to high boron stress by enhanced leaf photochemical performance.

Nutrient imbalances, such as high boron (B) stress, occur within, as well as across, agricultural systems worldwide and have become an important abiotic factor that reduces soil fertility and inhibits plant growth. Sugar beet is a B-loving crop and is better suited to be grown in high B environments, but the methods and mechanisms regarding the enhancement of high-B stress tolerance traits are not clear. The main objective of this research was to elucidate the effects of the alone and/or combined foliar spraying of zinc sulfate (ZnSO) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) on the growth parameters, tolerance, and photochemical performance of sugar beet under high-B stress.

Exogenous Application of Amino Acids Alleviates Toxicity in Two Chinese Cabbage Cultivars by Modulating Cadmium Distribution and Reducing Its Translocation.

Plants communicate underground by secreting multiple amino acids (AAs) through their roots, triggering defense mechanisms against cadmium (Cd) stress. However, the specific roles of the individual AAs in Cd translocation and detoxification remain unclear. This study investigated how exogenous AAs influence Cd movement from the roots to the shoots in Cd-resistant and Cd-sensitive Chinese cabbage cultivars (Jingcui 60 and 16-7 cultivars).

Insights in to iron-based nanoparticles (hematite and magnetite) improving the maize growth (Zea mays L.) and iron nutrition with low environmental impacts.

The possible potential application of Fe-NPs on Fe nutrition, heavy metals uptake and soil microbial community needs to be investigated. In the current research, a pot experiment was used to examine the implications of Fe-NPs (α-FeO and FeO) on maize growth, Fe uptake and transportation, soil microbial community, and environmental risk. FeO, α-FeO, FeSO at a rate of 800 mg Fe kg were applied in soils with four replications under a completely randomized design for a period of 60 days.

Lactobacillus salivarius ameliorates Mycoplasma gallisepticum-induced inflammation via the JAK/STAT signaling pathway involving respiratory microbiota and metabolites.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) can cause chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chickens, which has a significant negative economic impact on the global poultry sector. Respiratory flora is the guardian of respiratory health, and its disorder is closely related to respiratory immunity and respiratory diseases. As a common probiotic in the chicken respiratory tract, Lactobacillus salivarius (L.

Curcumin alleviates Aflatoxin B1-triggered chicken liver necroptosis by targeting the LOC769044/miR-1679/STAT1 axis.

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is an unavoidable environmental toxin. The accumulation of AFB1 and its metabolites in the liver poses a threat to both human and animal health. Curcumin exhibits anti-oxidative, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties.

Thiourea improves yield and quality traits of Brassica napus L. by upregulating the antioxidant defense system under high temperature stress.

High temperature stress influences plant growth, seed yield, and fatty acid contents by causing oxidative damage. This study investigated the potential of thiourea (TU) to mitigate oxidative stress and restoring seed oil content and quality in canola. The study thoroughly examined three main factors: (i) growth conditions-control and high temperature stress (35 °C); (ii) TU supplementation (1000 mg/L)-including variations like having no TU, water application at the seedling stage, TU application at seedling stage (BBCH Scale-39), water spray at anthesis stage, and TU application at anthesis stage (BBCH Scale-60); (iii) and two canola genotypes, 45S42 and Hiola-401, were studied separately.