Oral Immunization with Recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing TM1 of Mycoplasma gallisepticum induces Unique Specific Antibodies and Protective Immunity.

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is one of the main pathogens causing chronic respiratory diseases in chickens, which seriously affects the sustainable and healthy development of the poultry industry and leading to heavy economic losses. Therefore, we developed a safe, efficient, convenient, and low-cost MG oral vaccine. The vaccine is based on a recombinant yeast surface display system to compensate for the shortcomings of existing vaccines.

The pharmacy graduate global competence evaluation scale (PGGCES): a nationwide study in China.

Background: Research on global competence (GC) among postgraduate pharmacy students remains limited, with most studies focusing on undergraduates or general student populations. To address this gap, this study investigates the GC of Chinese pharmacy graduate students using the OECD's 2018 PISA framework and established GC assessment tools. By analyzing personal attributes, family background, and academic environment, this study identifies key influencing factors and evaluates the effectiveness of current educational practices.

Multidimensional Phenotypic and Microbiome Studies Uncover an Association Between Reduced Feed Efficiency in Sheep During Mycoplasmal Pneumonia and Microbial Crosstalk Within the Rumen-Lung Axis.

Mycoplasmal pneumonia of sheep (MPS), caused by , profoundly impacts ovine productivity and survival. Although gut-lung microbiota interactions are increasingly recognized in respiratory diseases, whether similar crosstalk occurs between the lung and rumen microbiota in MPS-affected sheep remains unknown. To investigate alterations in the lung and rumen microbiota of sheep with MPS, the crosstalk between these microbial communities, and their impacts on growth phenotypes.

A Functional Regulatory Variant of Gene Affected the Body Weight in Hu Sheep.

Body weight (BW) is a critical economic trait closely linked to livestock meat production performance and producer profitability. In the present study, we measured individual BW of 1070 male Hu sheep at six growth stages (80, 100, 120, 140, 160, and 180 days of age) and conducted descriptive statistical analyses. Results showed that the coefficient of variation (CV) for BW at each stage was higher than 13%.

USP5-Rich Apoptotic Extracellular Vesicles Regulate Nucleus Pulposus Cells Apoptosis and DNA Damage Repair by Preventing E2F1 Proteasomal Degradation.

Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation is considered one of the most promising regenerative strategies for treating degenerative musculoskeletal diseases, yet its underlying therapeutic mechanisms remain incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that transplanted MSCs regulate apoptosis and DNA damage repair (DDR) in senescent nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) by releasing apoptotic extracellular vesicles (ApoEVs), thereby delaying the process of intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Mechanistically, we found that NPCs in degenerated discs exhibit abnormal subcellular localization of the deubiquitinase ubiquitin specific peptidase 5 (USP5), with excessive cytoplasmic retention leading to aberrant ubiquitination and degradation of the E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1).

Research Progress and Prospects of Flavonoids in the Treatment of Hyperlipidemia: A Narrative Review.

Hyperlipidemia (HLP) is a disorder of human lipid metabolism or transport, primarily characterized by abnormally elevated levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the blood. It is a key factor contributing to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Statistics show that the prevalence of dyslipidemia among Chinese adults is as high as 35.

Elevated Risk of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture during Pregnancy and Puerperium.

Objective: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) pose a significant risk during pregnancy because of hormonal changes and increased hemodynamic stress. This study aims to assess the risk of AVM rupture during pregnancy and puerperium and to identify risk factors associated with rupture.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 588 women with AVMs and a history of pregnancy, enrolled from a nationwide registry in China between August 2011 and August 2021.

Integrative Analysis of Transcriptomics and Metabolomics Provides Insights into Meat Quality Differences in Hu Sheep with Different Carcass Performance.

Meat quality is a critical determinant of consumer preference and economic value in the livestock industry. However, the relationship between carcass performance and meat quality remains poorly understood. In our study, we conducted an integrative analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying meat quality differences in Hu sheep with high (HHS, = 10) and low (LHS, = 10) carcass performance.

Epidemiological Patterns of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections in Equine Populations from Urumqi and Ili, Xinjiang, China.

Gastrointestinal parasitic diseases pose significant health risks to equine populations. This study investigated the epidemiological patterns of equine gastrointestinal parasites in Xinjiang by analyzing 83 fecal samples collected from Ili ( = 62) and Urumqi ( = 21) between August and November 2024. The modified McMaster technique was employed to quantify fecal egg counts (EPG) and was complemented by morphological identification to assess infection dynamics related to geography, breed specificity, and management practices.

Effects of Different Components of Buyang Huanwu Tang on the PPAR/LXR/ABCA1 Pathway in Hypercholesterolemia Mouse Model.

The aim of this study is to compare the effects of different components of Buyang Huanwu Tang (BYHWT) on the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)/liver X receptor (LXR)/ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) pathway and its lipid-lowering effects. This study shows that the BYHWT alcohol precipitation and 75% alcohol components can significantly reduce the serum levels of triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol (CHO), and hepatic function damage indicators such as glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (ALT) in hypercholesterolemia mouse model. After treatment, the presence of lipid droplets in liver cells was reduced, and the destruction of adipocytes was improved.

Combined effects of ocean acidification and warming on phytoplankton productivity and community structure in the coastal water of Southern East.

Progressive global ocean changes, including ocean acidification and warming, are expected to impact ecosystems differentially due to regional environmental differences that govern biogeochemical and ecological processes. In this study, we investigated the impacts of ocean acidification and warming on the phytoplankton community and primary productivity in the southern coastal water of the East China Sea by running land-based mesocosms controlled under current atmospheric pCO (∼430 μatm) and projected levels for the year 2100 (∼1000 μatm, HC, High CO) at 27 °C (ambient) and 30 °C (warming, HT, High Temperature). Our results indicate that warming, acidification, and their combined effects (HCHT) initially enhanced community biomass as determined by chl a concentration; however, this effect diminished over time, ultimately resulting in lower biomass density compared to the control in later stages.

Response of organic carbon in black soils with different degradation levels to litter addition.

Litter plays a crucial role in the formation and turnover of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, its impact on SOC in black soils with varying degradation levels remains unclear. With the typical black soils in northeastern China with different simulated degradation levels (slight, moderate, and severe), we comparatively analyzed the changes in total organic carbon (TOC), easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) under silver poplar litter addition (LP) and maize straw addition (MS) versus a treatment without litter addition (CK) at 45 days (early stage), 90 days (mid stage), and 135 days (late stage) after litter addition in a field in-situ experiment.

Hemodynamic changes and their relationship with white matter hyperintensities in CSVD patients with cognitive impairment: a 4D flow study.

Objective: To observe the hemodynamics of intracranial arteries and veins in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) with cognitive impairment (CI), and to explore the association between these flow features and white matter hyperintensities (WMH).

Materials And Methods: A total of 53 patients with CSVD were included in the study, comprising 30 patients with CI (CI group) and 23 patients with non-CI (NCI group); Meanwhile, 25 age-matched cognitively healthy volunteers were recruited. WMH burden was evaluated using a 2D axial T2-FLAIR sequence.

Tailorable bimetallic nanozyme mitigates intervertebral disc degeneration by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammageing.

Scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), modulating extracellular matrix (ECM) anabolism, and preventing senescence of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) are crucial factors of treatment approaches for intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). However, addressing these issues simultaneously has been challenging due to the interactions among the various pathological factors in the disc microenvironment. Herein, we utilize self-assembly technology and the excellent drug-carrying potential of mesoporous Prussian blue to design a tailorable bimetallic nanozyme platform of a Mn-modified mesoporous Prussian blue loaded with Cibotium barometz (MPB-Mn3-CB) for the treatment of IDD.

Structural design and enhanced electrochromic properties of thiophene-based covalent organic framework.

Covalent organic framework (COF) materials are a class of porous organic polymers with crystal structures connected through strong covalent bonds. Due to the diversity as well as designability of their structural units, the framework structure can be precisely regulated at the atomic level through the combination of virus-active building units. In particular, the advantages of COF materials, such as designable space structure, regular pore structure, high specific surface area, low density, high thermal stability, and chemical stability, make it one of the ideal materials in the field of optoelectronic materials.

Pan-cancer analysis reveals the potential role of DHCR24 in bladder cancer via interactions with HRAS to facilitate cholesterol synthesis.

There is a strong association between cholesterol reprogramming and cancer development. However, 3β-hydroxysteroid Δ24-reductase (DHCR24), the final enzyme in the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, has been relatively understudied in cancer progression. The present study aimed to perform a comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of DHCR24 to elucidate its role across different malignancies.

RNA-Seq and WGCNA Identify Key Regulatory Modules and Genes Associated with Water-Holding Capacity and Tenderness in Sheep.

Meat quality traits, particularly WHC and tenderness, are pivotal for consumer satisfaction and economic value in the sheep industry. However, their genetic regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. We used RNA-Seq and WGCNA to identify genes regulating WHC and tenderness.

Chaperone-mediated autophagy directs a dual mechanism to balance premature senescence and senolysis to prevent intervertebral disc degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a progressive and dynamic process in which the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) of nucleus pulposus cells (NPC) plays a significant role. While impaired chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA) has been associated with inflammation and cellular senescence, its specific involvement in the self-perpetuating feedback loop of NPC senescence remains poorly understood. Through LAMP2A knockout in NPC, we identified a significant upregulation of DYRK1A, a core mediator of premature senescence in Down syndrome.

hUMSC-derived exosomes alleviate follicular interstitial cell autophagy by let-7a-5p/AMPK/mTOR axis in POI rats.

Background: One major factor contributing to infertility in women of childbearing age is premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). Exosomes produced from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUMSC-Exos) have drawn a lot of attention lately as a potential treatment for ovarian dysfunction brought on by POI. However, its therapeutic mechanism is still unclear and needs further exploration.

A novel fluorescent probe for the detection of HO in multiple food matrices and biological samples.

To address the risk of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) abuse during food processing, this paper developed a naphthylimine fluorescent probe, DN-H₂O₂, based on the intramolecular charge transfer mechanism (ICT). Activation of the ICT mechanism through the interaction of boronic acid groups with HO enables HO fluorescence detection. The probe has a low detection limit (3.

Modeling and Feasibility Assessment of Mineral Carbonation Based on Biological pH Swing for Atmospheric CO Removal.

Mitigating climate change requires both the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the removal of CO from the atmosphere. This study investigates a novel biological pH swing strategy for mineral carbonation at ambient conditions as a potential option for atmospheric CO removal. Through mathematical modeling, we evaluated a mineral carbonation system that utilized and to achieve alternating sulfur reduction and oxidation, respectively, with the cyclic process to effect pH swing for promoting the dissolution of a silicate mineral and the subsequent precipitation of a carbonate mineral to store CO.

Exploring the cecal microbial community associated with fat deposition in sheep and its possible pathways of action.

Unlabelled: Fat deposition is a crucial economic trait during sheep growth and development, closely linked to economic returns. Current research on sheep's digestive tract predominantly focuses on the rumen, but the composition of the cecal microbiota and its relationship with host fat deposition remains largely unexplored. In this study, we sequenced the cecal microbiota of 60 Hu sheep, exhibiting marked differences in traits.

A novel galactoglucan from Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates ethanol-induced gastric ulcers by modulating FAK-MAPK signaling pathway.

Gastric ulcer (GU) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Current treatments, including proton pump inhibitors and H receptor antagonists, often present limitations such as adverse side effects and incomplete healing, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic agents. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides (GL-PP) have gained attention for their potential gastroprotective properties.