Population Structure, Genomic Features, and Antibiotic Resistance of Avian Pathogenic in Shandong Province and Adjacent Regions, China (2008-2023).

Avian pathogenic (APEC) poses a global threat to poultry health and public safety due to its high lethality, limited treatment options, and potential for zoonotic transmission via the food chain. However, long-term genomic surveillance remains limited, especially in countries like China where poultry farming is highly intensive. This study aimed to characterize the population structure, virulence traits, and antimicrobial resistance of 81 APEC isolates from diseased chickens collected over 16 years from Shandong and neighboring provinces in eastern China.

The mechanism of telomerase Cajal body protein 1 regulating senescence of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective: The regulatory ability of bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) to chemokines and inflammatory factors has a significant effect in a variety of diseases. It is very important to delay the aging of BMSC and restore the function of aging BMSC.

Methods: Mouse BMSC was prepared and identified.

A novel galactoglucan from Ganoderma lucidum ameliorates ethanol-induced gastric ulcers by modulating FAK-MAPK signaling pathway.

Gastric ulcer (GU) is a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder that significantly impacts patients' quality of life. Current treatments, including proton pump inhibitors and H receptor antagonists, often present limitations such as adverse side effects and incomplete healing, highlighting the urgent need for new therapeutic agents. Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide peptides (GL-PP) have gained attention for their potential gastroprotective properties.

Physalis Calyx seu Fructus relieves chicken intestinal damage to heat via improving the antioxidant ability.

Heat-stress-induced oxidative and inflammatory responses were important factors contributing to chicken intestinal damage. The purpose of this study was based on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Physalis Calyx seu Fructus (Jin Deng Long, JDL) to investigate its efficacy and mechanism in relieving chicken heat stress damage. Primary chicken embryo duodenum cells and 90 30-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicken were randomly divided into control and JDL groups to establish heat stress models and .

Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus -targeting phenol linker groups.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a significant global health threat, necessitating the development of new therapeutic agents. Pleuromutilin derivatives offer a promising solution due to their potent antibacterial activity, particularly against Gram-positive bacteria such as MRSA. In this study, we synthesized a series of pleuromutilin derivatives with phenol linker containing C14 side chains and evaluated in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities.

Polysaccharide Peptide Alleviates Cyclophosphamide-Induced Male Reproductive Injury by Reducing Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis.

Chemotherapy is an important factor leading to male infertility. It is crucial to discover safe and effective treatments to prevent male reproductive injury caused by chemotherapy. The polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) has multiple pharmacological activities.

Comparison of gut microbiota immunity and pathology in specific-pathogen-free chickens with glandular and muscular gastritis using different methods.

The objective of this study is to review different methods to screen for the optimal model for preventing and treating chicken glandular and muscular gastritis syndrome. Twenty-four 40-day-old specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens were randomly allocated into four groups ( = 6): polyethylene glycol + ammonium chloride group (M1 group), acetic acid + rhubarb group (M2 group), polyethylene glycol + rhubarb group (M3 group), and control group. The control group had free access to water, while the remaining groups received different doses of molding reagents added to their drinking water.

Safety and efficacy evaluation of halicin as an effective drug for inhibiting intestinal infections.

Halicin, the first antibacterial agent discovered by artificial intelligence, exerts broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and has a unique structure. Our study found that halicin had a good inhibitory effect on clinical isolates of drug-resistant strains and (). The safety of halicin was evaluated by acute oral toxicity, genotoxicity and subchronic toxicity studies.

Ganoderic acids alleviate atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization via TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background And Aims: Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by lipid infiltration and plaque formation in blood vessel walls. Ganoderic acids (GA), a class of major bioactive compounds isolated from the Chinese traditional medicine Ganoderma lucidum, have multiple pharmacological activities. This study aimed to determine the anti-atherosclerotic effect of GA and reveal the pharmacological mechanism.

Water Extract of Portulaca Oleracea Inhibits PEDV Infection-Induced Pyrolysis by Caspase-1/GSDMD.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) belongs to the coronavirus family and the coronavirus genus, causing contact enteric infection in pigs. It is one of the most serious diseases that threatens the pig industry. However, there is currently no specific drug to prevent and treat the disease, indicating that we need to be vigilant about the spread of the disease and the development of anti-PEDV drugs.

Effects of polysaccharide peptide ameliorating cyclophosphamide-induced immune dysfunctions based on metabolomics analysis.

polysaccharide peptide (GLPP) is one of the most abundant constituents of (), with a wide range of functional activities. The present study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of GLPP in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressive mice. The results showed that 100 mg/kg/day of GLPP administration significantly alleviated CTX-induced immune damage by improving immune organ indexes, earlap swelling rate, the index of carbon phagocytosis and clearance value, secretion of cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-2), and immunoglobulin A(IgA) in the mice.

Novel pyridinium cationic pleuromutilin analogues overcoming bacterial multidrug resistance.

A series of pyridinium cation-substituted pleuromutilin analogues were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo. Most derivatives showed potent antibacterial activities, especially e4 that displayed the highest antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria and was subjected to time-kill kinetics, resistance studies, cytotoxicity and molecular docking assays. Molecular docking results, scanning electron microscopy and o-nitrophenyl-β-galactopyranoside tests showed that e4 not only inhibited bacterial protein synthesis but also disrupted bacterial cell walls.

Antibiotic resistance and drug modification: Synthesis, characterization and bioactivity of newly modified potent pleuromutilin derivatives with a substituted piperazine moiety.

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria pose a major global public health concern, owing to the lack of effective antibacterial drugs. Consequently, the discovery and development of innovative antibacterial drug classes with unique mechanisms of action are urgently needed. In this study, we designed, synthesised, and tested a series of novel pleuromutilin derivatives with piperazine linker substituted by amino acids moieties to determine their antibacterial properties.

polysaccharide peptide alleviates hyperuricemia by regulating adenosine deaminase and urate transporters.

Hyperuricemia (HUA) affects human health and is involved in the pathogenesis of common chronic diseases. Previous studies showed that extract lowered HUA in animals. However, the active ingredient and pharmacological mechanism of extract in the improvement of HUA are unknown.

Hepatotoxic mechanism of diclofenac sodium on broiler chicken revealed by iTRAQ-based proteomics analysis.

Background: At the therapeutic doses, diclofenac sodium (DFS) has few toxic side effects on mammals. On the other hand, DFS exhibits potent toxicity against birds and the mechanisms remain ambiguous.

Objectives: This paper was designed to probe the toxicity of DFS exposure on the hepatic proteome of broiler chickens.

ILDR1 promotes influenza A virus replication through binding to PLSCR1.

As a natural antiviral regulator, phospholipid scramblase 1 (PLSCR1) has been shown to inhibit influenza virus replication in infected cells through interacting with NP of influenza A virus (IAV). But its antiviral function as well as the underlying regulatory mechanism has not been examined in vivo. In the present work, we show that PLSCR1 expression is decreased in H1N1 SIV-infected mice, and Plscr1 mice are more susceptible to H1N1 SIV infection.

Ganoderic Acids Prevent Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting Inflammation and Apoptosis.

Renal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) is one of the main causes of acute kidney injury (AKI), which can lead to acute renal failure. The development of RIRI is so complicated that it involves many factors such as inflammatory response, oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. Ganoderic acids (GAs), as one of the main pharmacological components of , have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and other pharmacological effects.

Tea Polyphenols Enhanced the Antioxidant Capacity and Induced Hsps to Relieve Heat Stress Injury.

Keap1-Nrf2-ARE and heat shock proteins (Hsps) are important endogenous protection mechanisms initiated by heat stress to play a double protective role for cell adaptation and survival. H9C2 cells and 80 300-day-old specific pathogen-free chickens were randomly divided into the control and tea polyphenol groups and used to establish a heat stress model in vitro and in vivo. This task was conducted to explore the protection and mechanism of tea polyphenols in relieving thermal injury.

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals the toxic mechanism of diclofenac sodium on the kidney of broiler chicken.

Diclofenac sodium (DS) is one of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which exhibits potent toxicity to birds. To search the molecular mechanism of DS induced nephrotoxicity in broiler chicken, 20 apparently healthy 30-day old broiler chickens were separated randomly into two groups (n = 10): Group A was kept as control while DS was administered at the dose rate of 10 mg/kg body weight in group B through oral gavage. Kidney samples were collected, and the proteins were identified and quantified by iTRAQ.

Antiviral activity of portulaca oleracea L. extracts against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus by partial suppression on myd88/NF-κb activation in vitro.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), especially variants, causes a highly contagious enteric disease which could give rise to huge economic losses in the swine industry worldwide. Portulaca oleracea L. has been reported to regulate intestine disease and involved in viral infections.

Ganoderic acid A is the effective ingredient of Ganoderma triterpenes in retarding renal cyst development in polycystic kidney disease.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is one of the most common life-threatening monogenetic diseases characterized by progressive enlargement of fluid-filled renal cysts. Our previous study has shown that Ganoderma triterpenes (GT) retards PKD renal cyst development. In the present study we identified the effective ingredient of GT in suppression of kidney cyst development.