Publications by authors named "Xing-Hua Pan"
The hippocampus (HC), a central hub for memory and cognition, exhibits unique metabolic resilience during aging despite widespread brain glucose hypometabolism. Here, we report that aged humans and macaques paradoxically display elevated HC glucose uptake (18F-FDG PET SUVR) alongside strengthened connectivity to sensory-motor and limbic networks-an adaptive rewiring revealed by graph-theoretical metabolic network analysis. Integrated multi-omics profiling identified STT3A (oligosaccharyltransferase) and ALG5 (dolichyl-phosphate β-glucosyltransferase) as key regulators of age-related HC adaptation, with their upregulation in aged macaque hippocampi driving N-glycosylation-dependent metabolic reprogramming.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The regulatory ability of bone marrow stem cells (BMSC) to chemokines and inflammatory factors has a significant effect in a variety of diseases. It is very important to delay the aging of BMSC and restore the function of aging BMSC.
Methods: Mouse BMSC was prepared and identified.
Article Synopsis
- Aging leads to various degenerative diseases, particularly affecting the skin, which undergoes significant structural and functional changes, such as reduced collagen production and increased wrinkles.
- Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC), particularly those derived from umbilical cords (UC-MSC), show promise in cell therapy for delaying skin aging due to their regenerative properties.
- The paper aims to explore the mechanisms by which UC-MSCs contribute to skin rejuvenation, providing a foundation for future research in combating skin aging.
Article Synopsis
- Reduced thymic epithelial cells (TECs) are linked to thymic degeneration, but umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) have shown promise in restoring TEC function and structure despite the unclear mechanisms behind this effect.
- The study involved inducing senescence in TECs and then coculturing them with UCMSCs, which resulted in significant changes in gene expression, particularly in the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway.
- The findings suggest that UCMSCs enhance TEC proliferation by upregulating VEGFA and promoting key cell cycle proteins, ultimately reversing age-related dysfunction in TECs.
Mechanisms of Stem Cells and Their Secreted Exosomes in the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases.
Curr Stem Cell Res Ther
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- - Stem cells are effective in treating autoimmune diseases due to their ability to self-renew and differentiate, primarily by regulating immune responses.
- - Their therapeutic impact involves adjusting the balance of auxiliary cells and inflammatory factors to help reduce inflammation in patients.
- - Stem cell-derived secretory bodies, which have low immunogenicity and can target injury sites, are gaining importance in treatment, especially when combined with other materials to prolong their effectiveness.
Article Synopsis
- Recent studies indicate that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HA-MSCs) may counteract ovarian aging, although the specific cellular and molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood.
- A 10X Genomics single-nucleus transcriptome sequencing experiment was conducted on the ovaries of macaque monkeys after HA-MSC treatment to explore these mechanisms.
- Results showed that HA-MSC treatment improved the structure and function of ovaries by enhancing cell proliferation and reversing senescence in aging cells, suggesting a promising new approach for treating ovarian aging.
Article Synopsis
- * Current treatments for cardiovascular diseases include drug therapies, which can have various side effects, and nondrug therapies like minimally invasive procedures and cell therapy, but traditional methods also have drawbacks such as cost and trauma.
- * Stem cell therapy has shown promising results in cardiovascular research due to its ability to regenerate and differentiate, with this paper reviewing recent advancements in this area and discussing future directions for treating aging-related heart issues in China.
Article Synopsis
- tRFs and tiRNAs are small noncoding RNA molecules that play crucial roles in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- Researchers identified three specific tRF molecules with increased expression in reprogrammed cells and tested them in human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.
- The transfection of these tRFs led to a rise in pluripotent factors like OCT4 and NANOG, enhanced cell activity, reduced apoptosis, and changes in the cell cycle, indicating their potential to promote cell rejuvenation and increase pluripotency.
Article Synopsis
- Senile thymus atrophy contributes to reduced immune function, making it important to repair thymus tissue and restore immune activity in the elderly.
- In a study, elderly macaques were treated with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, resulting in increased thymus volume, reduced fibrosis, and signs of tissue regeneration.
- Transcriptomic analysis revealed that after stem cell therapy, the thymus expression patterns in old macaques resembled those of younger ones, suggesting this therapy could prevent or reverse thymus aging.
Article Synopsis
- A meta-analysis was conducted to explore the link between seizures after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and mortality rates in ICH patients.
- The analysis included 13 studies with over 245,000 participants and found that post-ICH seizures did not significantly increase the risk of death compared to those without seizures.
- Despite these findings, the results were inconsistent in subgroup analyses and may be affected by other influencing factors, indicating a need for further high-quality research.
Background: The tumorigenesis of infused umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) is being preclinically evaluated.
Methods: We observed tumor formation in NOD SCID mice after a single subcutaneous injection of hUC-MSCs and the effect of these cells on tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. Three generations (P5, P7, and P10) of hUC-MSCs (1 × 10) from two donors (hUC-MSC1 and hUC-MSC2) were inoculated subcutaneously into NOD SCID mice.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers conducted a meta-analysis by reviewing five relevant studies, including 46,186 patients, and found that higher case volumes significantly correlated with lower in-hospital mortality rates.
- * The analysis demonstrated a strong inverse relationship (OR, 0.53), suggesting that hospitals treating more SAH cases each year tend to have better outcomes in terms of patient survival during hospitalization.
Effects and mechanisms of mUCMSCs on ovarian structure and function in naturally ageing C57 mice.
J Ovarian Res
October 2021
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the effects of mouse umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (mUCMSCs) on the reproductive health of ageing C57 mice, focusing on their potential to repair ovarian function.
- Aging mice with diminished ovarian function received mUCMSC injections, resulting in increased ovarian size, the presence of follicles, and enhanced hormone levels compared to a control group.
- The findings indicate that mUCMSCs can reduce cell apoptosis and oxidative stress in granulosa cells by altering specific gene expressions and activating key cellular pathways, suggesting a potential for regenerative therapies in reproductive health.
Based on the characteristics of modern weapon injury, a repetitive model of traumatic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and an evaluation system were established. The models were treated with GFP-labeled tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs). Forty out of 50 tree shrews were used to make a unilateral femoral comminuted fracture.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of BMMSC treatment on lung tissue degeneration in elderly macaques.
Stem Cell Res Ther
March 2021
Article Synopsis
- Age-related degeneration of lung tissue increases the risk of severe lung diseases, making the search for anti-aging treatments crucial.
- A study on elderly macaque models found that administration of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) significantly improved lung health by reducing fibrosis and inflammation.
- BMMSC treatment was effective in decreasing harmful oxidative stress and enhancing the function and proliferation of lung cells, suggesting it could be a viable method to combat age-related lung degeneration.
Article Synopsis
- Ischemia-reperfusion injury significantly contributes to acute kidney injury and affects recovery after kidney transplants; this study explores the potential protective role of stem cell transplantation in such injuries.
- The experiment involved 40 rabbits divided into four groups, with 30 establishing the injury model, and 10 serving as untreated controls; comparisons were made based on treatments with either induced or non-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
- Results showed that rabbits treated with induced PBMCs exhibited improved renal function and less severe pathological changes, indicating the therapeutic potential of these induced stem cells in mitigating kidney injury.
Article Synopsis
- A mouse model for allergic rhinitis (AR) was developed using BALB/c mice to aid in future research on the condition.
- * The study involved preparing human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs), which were shown to be effective for tracking in animal studies and possibly for AR treatment.
- * The transplantation of hUCMSCs, particularly through tail vein injection, demonstrated positive effects on the AR model, with a significant presence of these cells in the nasal area after two weeks.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to investigate how allogeneic umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (mUCMSC) transplantation affects the thymus in aging mice, potentially offering a new treatment for age-related thymic atrophy.
- Results indicated that mUCMSC treatment improved thymus structure and function by analyzing changes in thymic tissue and immune cell markers, as well as promoting hair regeneration in the mice.
- The findings suggest that mUCMSCs can reduce thymus aging by affecting specific senescence-related genes, though further research is needed to fully understand the underlying mechanisms.
Article Synopsis
- Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) causes chronic inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract, and researchers are exploring new treatments with minimal side effects.
- Mouse models of IBD were created using a solution called DSS, allowing scientists to test the effects of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) from both mice and humans.
- The study found that UCMSCs improve survival rates and promote healing by enhancing key proteins in the intestines, offering a promising avenue for future IBD therapies.
MicroRNA-155 affects oxidative damage through regulating autophagy in endothelial cells.
Oncol Lett
February 2019
MicroRNA-155 (miRNA-155) is a typical multifunctional miRNA, which serves a crucial role in the regulation of numerous vessel cells. However, its effects on dysfunctional endothelial cells have not been completely elucidated. In order to investigate the signaling pathway of miRNA-155-induced cell injury, HO was used to establish an oxidative stress cell model, and miR-155 was transfected into HO-treated cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRelationship between senescence in macaques and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and the molecular mechanism.
Aging (Albany NY)
January 2019
Article Synopsis
- - The study explored the link between bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and aging by establishing an aging macaque model, analyzing how BMSCs from young and aged macaques differ in their characteristics.
- - Researchers found that aging BMSCs showed decreased levels of key genes associated with aging, such as TERT, SIRT1, and SIRT6, using techniques like RT-PCR and Western blot.
- - The team compared the effects of young and aged BMSCs on 293T cells, investigated secreted cytokines, and analyzed transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from macaques to understand gene transcription and regulatory mechanisms related to aging.
Article Synopsis
- Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) can help reduce inflammation in diseases, but the exact way they work is not well understood.
- In a rat model of acute kidney injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), researchers examined how BMSCs and an NF-κB inhibitor (PDTC) impact inflammation-related damage.
- The study found that BMSCs transplantation significantly improved kidney function and reduced tissue injury by inhibiting the TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway, and the combined treatment with BMSCs and PDTC was more effective than either treatment alone.
Article Synopsis
- Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) demonstrate strong potential to improve survival and mitigate damage from acute radiation injury in tree shrews.
- The treatment resulted in significant reductions in lung inflammation, apoptosis, and fibrosis, alongside enhanced blood counts and hematopoiesis.
- Analysis indicated increased levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors in treated animals, while inflammatory and fibrosis-related factors decreased, suggesting UC-MSCs could be a promising therapy for radiation injuries.
Article Synopsis
- * In experiments with mice, those with shortened telomeres showed worse fibrosis after being exposed to agents like lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and bleomycin, indicated by higher levels of certain proteins related to tissue damage.
- * The researchers found that the TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway was notably activated in the lungs of mice with shortened telomeres, suggesting that telomere shortening combined with environmental triggers worsens IPF by promoting this signaling pathway.