The Nuclear Ribosomal Transcription Units of Two Echinostomes and Their Taxonomic Implications for the Family Echinostomatidae.

Echinostomatidae is a taxonomically complex group with substantial species diversity and richness. The vast majority of species in this family parasitize birds and mammals, including humans, causing significant economic losses and medical costs. In this study, (Digenea, Echinostomatidae) and (Digenea, Echinostomatidae) were isolated from domestic duck and , respectively.

[Research progress in machine learning in processing and quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) decoction pieces are a core carrier for the inheritance and innovation of TCM, and their quality and safety are critical to public health and the sustainable development of the industry. Conventional quality control models, while having established a well-developed system through long-term practice, still face challenges such as relatively long inspection cycles, insufficient objectivity in characterizing complex traits, and urgent needs for improving the efficiency of integrating multidimensional quality information when confronted with the dual demands of large-scale production and precision quality control. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, machine learning can deeply analyze multidimensional data of the morphology, spectroscopy, and chemical fingerprints of decoction pieces by constructing high-dimensional feature space analysis models, significantly improving the standardization level and decision-making efficiency of quality evaluation.

An Hf(IV)-Based Metal-Organic Framework with Abundant Aromatic Rings and Uncoordinated Carboxylic Groups for Ethane/Methane Separation.

The separation of ethane (CH) from methane (CH) is a pivotal process for increasing the calorific value of natural gas, but technically challenging due to their similar physical properties. Adsorbent-based gas separation methods utilizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer distinct advantages, yet their insufficient efficiency and stability limit their practical applications. Herein, we present a novel stable hafnium-based MOF (Hf-MOF), Hf-HCTTA-3COOH, constructed from a tritopic carboxylic acid ligand that incorporates high-density uncoordinated carboxylic groups attached to the central benzene ring, and further investigate its adsorption separation properties and mechanisms for CH/CH mixtures.

Combined use of 3D-printed customized prostheses and denosumab for the treatment of giant cell tumor of the distal radius: clinical outcomes and efficacy.

Objective: To investigate the short- and mid-term clinical efficacy of denosumab combined with 3D-printed prosthesis in the treatment of patients with giant cell tumor of the distal radius.

Methods: From January 2016 to January 2022, 20 patients with giant cell tumor of the distal radius underwent denosumab treatment combined with 3D-printed prosthetic reconstruction at our hospital. This study evaluates the short- and mid-term efficacy by analyzing clinical cases where denosumab was used preoperatively, followed by 3D-printed biological prosthesis reconstruction of the distal radius tumor segment defect.

PANoptosis-mediated mechanisms underlying AST elevation in Talaromyces marneffei infection.

Background: Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei), a life-threatening opportunistic fungal pathogen, is endemic to Southeast Asia. Although elevated aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels are commonly observed in infected individuals, the origin and mechanism of this phenomenon remain unclear.

PRANCE: Joint Token-Optimization and Structural Channel-Pruning for Adaptive ViT Inference.

The troublesome model size and quadratic computational complexity associated with token quantity pose significant deployment challenges for Vision Transformers (ViTs) in practical applications. Despite recent advancements in model pruning and token reduction techniques speed up the inference speed of ViTs, these approaches either adopt a fixed sparsity ratio or overlook the meaningful interplay between architectural optimization and token selection. Consequently, this static and single-dimension compression often leads to pronounced accuracy degradation under aggressive compression rates, as they fail to fully explore redundancies across these two orthogonal dimensions.

TIPs: Tooth instance and pulp segmentation based on hierarchical extraction and fusion of anatomical priors from cone-beam CT.

Accurate instance segmentation of tooth and pulp from cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images is essential but highly challenging due to the pulp's small structures and indistinct boundaries. To address these critical challenges, we propose TIPs designed for Tooth Instance and Pulp segmentation. TIPs initially employs a backbone model to segment a binary mask of the tooth from CBCT images, which is then utilized to derive position prior of the tooth and shape prior of the pulp.

An effective system for senescence modulating drug development using quantitative high-content analysis and high-throughput screening.

Study of cellular senescence is critical in aging research and anti-senescence therapy drug development. Current methods for the evaluation of the widely accepted cellular senescence marker senescence-associated beta galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity assay rely on bright-field imaging, which is non-quantitative and tedious to perform. We have developed an effective and reproducible multiplex high-content analysis system for high-throughput screen and evaluation of senescence modulators.

A machine learning and counterfactual reasoning-integrated decision framework for cadmium remediation: Predictive optimization and cost-benefit analysis driven by iron plaque regulation.

Environmental remediation strategies for cadmium (Cd)-contaminated rice paddies often face challenges due to reliance on time-consuming field trials and limited pre-assessment of intervention efficacy. Here, we propose a machine learning and causal inference-integrated framework to enable proactive decision-making, using iron plaque-mediated Cd immobilization as a model system. By analyzing 76 paired soil-rice samples, extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) identified six critical drivers of grain Cd accumulation from 31 physicochemical and microbial indicators.

Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of phthalate esters in mangrove food web.

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are endocrine disrupting pollutants known to accumulate in various environmental abiotic matrices and biological organisms in global. However, there remains limited understanding of the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of PAEs within mangrove food webs. This study was based on the MixSimmr model, employing stable carbon and nitrogen isotope tracing, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis, then systematically assessing the bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of PAEs under natural environmental conditions.

DDR1 Drives Collagen Remodeling and Immune Exclusion: Pan-Cancer Insights and Therapeutic Targeting in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a collagen-binding receptor tyrosine kinase, plays a key role in extracellular matrix remodeling, tumor progression, and immune evasion. However, DDR1's comprehensive role across diverse cancers and its therapeutic potential in immune-resistant tumors remain poorly defined. We performed a pan-cancer analysis integrating bulk transcriptomic datasets, single-cell RNA sequencing, and pathway enrichment to evaluate expression, genetic alterations, and its associations with immune cell infiltration and clinical outcomes.

Genome-wide CRISPR screens identify critical targets to enhance CAR-NK cell antitumor potency.

Adoptive cell therapy using engineered natural killer (NK) cells is a promising approach for cancer treatment, with targeted gene editing offering the potential to further enhance their therapeutic efficacy. However, the spectrum of actionable genetic targets to overcome tumor and microenvironment-mediated immunosuppression remains largely unexplored. We performed multiple genome-wide CRISPR screens in primary human NK cells and identified critical checkpoints regulating resistance to immunosuppressive pressures.

Nucleotide- and metalloid-driven conformational changes in the arsenite efflux ATPase ArsA.

Arsenite (As) is toxic to all organisms due to its ability to tightly bind exposed thiols within cells. An important As resistance mechanism in prokaryotes involves proteins encoded by the operon. A central component of the operon in many bacteria is the cytoplasmic ATPase, ArsA, which orchestrates a series of nucleotide-dependent handoffs, starting with the capture of As by the ArsD metallochaperone and culminating in its removal from the cell by the ArsB efflux pump.

Bi-Allelic DSG1 Splice-Site Variant Identified in a Family With Non-Syndromic Striate Palmoplantar Keratoderma.

Hereditary palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) involves hyperkeratosis of the palmoplantar skin and belongs to the palmoplantar epidermal differentiation disorders (pEDDs). One causal gene is Desmoglein 1 (DSG1), which encodes a protein crucial for epidermal integrity. Monoallelic DSG1 variants cause mild, non-syndromic PPK, whereas bi-allelic DSG1 variants typically cause syndromic PPK with severe additional clinical features (SAM syndrome).

EGF, TNF-α, and Hypoxia Preconditioning Enhances the Production and Therapeutic Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Regenerative Medicine.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) are promising therapeutic agents for various diseases. However, current methods to improve MSC-EV production are insufficient to meet the clinical demands. Although various strategies have been investigated to enhance MSC-EV production, they are often hampered by limited scalability, loss of stemness, or suboptimal therapeutic outcomes.

Cardiovascular abnormalities in children with Turner syndrome: a 15-year retrospective study and analysis of warning signs.

Background/objective: There are limited studies on cardiovascular abnormalities (CAs) and their warning signs in children with Turner syndrome (TS). The main aim of this 15-year retrospective study was to investigate the warning signs of CAs in children with TS and to suggest ways to prevent them.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed children diagnosed with TS at our pediatric endocrinology clinic.

p53 promote oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and behavioral disorders via DDIT4-NF-κB signaling pathway.

Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent emotional and behavioral dysregulation. Oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage is increasingly recognized as a critical risk factor contributing to the pathogenesis of depression. However, the potential molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets underlying brain homeostasis disruption induced by neuroinflammatory responses remain unclear.

Efficacy and Safety of Tranexamic Acid Combined with Absorbable Hemostat in Reducing Perioperative Blood Loss in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Tranexamic acid (TXA) and absorbable hemostat (AH) are widely used to reduce perioperative blood loss in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the efficacy of single-method hemostatic strategies is increasingly insufficient for meeting clinical demands. This study tested the efficacy and safety of TXA combined with AH for perioperative blood management in TKA.

Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Custom Hemipelvic Prostheses With Re-Entrant Chiral Structure in Reconstruction After Pelvic Tumor Resection.

Objectives: Pelvic reconstruction with conventional 3D-printed prostheses faces a critical trade-off, where achieving sufficient porosity for optimal bone ingrowth often compromises essential mechanical stability. To address this challenge, this study evaluates the clinical outcomes of 3D-printed hemipelvic prostheses incorporating re-entrant chiral structure (RCS), a novel negative Poisson's ratio design, in patients undergoing pelvic reconstruction following tumor resection.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients (eight females and seven males; mean age: 39.

Succinate Dehydrogenase Subunit A (SDHA) Mediated Microglia Extracellular Traps Formation Participating in Cerebral Ischemic Reperfusion Injury.

Ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury associated with recanalization therapy in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) exacerbates the initial brain damage. However, it remains a clinical challenge due to limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms of I/R injury. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)-mediated succinate oxidation in microglia extracellular traps (MiETs) formation and neuronal injury after cerebra I/R injury.

Global, regional, and national time trends in falls and their predictions: an age-period-cohort analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Falls are a global public health issue with a heavy disease and socioeconomic burden, with an increasing number of risky people. The aim of this study is to explore the global disease burden of falls and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and management of falls.

Methods: This study used data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 (GBD 2021) to analyse global, regional, and national temporal trends in falls.

Phthalate exposure, oxidative stress and hypertension risk: Exploring associations and mediation effects in a Chinese general population.

Phthalates, the most widely used plasticizers, have been reported to be correlated with metabolic disorders. Recent experimental studies found that phthalates may be correlated to cardiovascular diseases; however, the epidemiological evidence, particularly regarding hypertension, remains limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the associations between phthalate exposure and hypertension risk and blood pressure levels, and to determine the mediating role of oxidative stress (OS).

Urinary follicle-stimulating hormone during triptorelin stimulation test can monitor the efficacy of triptorelin depot in girls with precocious or early puberty.

Background: There is still no consensus on simple methods to monitor the effectiveness of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs in girls with precocious or early puberty.

Objective: To evaluate the value of urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) before and after triptorelin stimulation test detected by immunochemiluminometric assay (ICMA) to monitor the efficacy of triptorelin depot in girls with precocious or early puberty.

Methods: A total of 128 girls with precocious or early puberty were included, of whom 81 received triptorelin depot treatment (3.

Epidemiological Study of Childhood Idiopathic Epilepsy from 1990 to 2021 at Global, Regional, and National Scales.

Objective: To address the long-term impact of childhood idiopathic epilepsy on health and families, and to provide epidemiological evidence for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies, this study aimed to explore the trends in incidence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of childhood idiopathic epilepsy globally and across regions from 1990 to 2021.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional analysis utilized data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease database, covering idiopathic epilepsy cases among children aged 0-14 years across 204 countries and regions. The study period was from September 15, 2024, to October 31, 2024.