The Complete Mitochondrial Genome of () (Hemiptera: Aphididae: Aphidinae) and Insights into Its Phylogenetic Position.

Background: Verma, 1967 (Macrosiphini: Aphidinae), is a genus within Aphididae (aphids) with ecological importance and a unique distribution, but there is a lack of mitogenomic data on the evolutionary relationships within this genus, hindering a comprehensive understanding of its evolutionary history.

Methods: In this study, we present the complete mitochondrial genome sequence and features of (David, Rajasingh & Narayanan, 1972) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and further infer its phylogenetic position based on the complete mitochondrial genome sequence.

Results: The complete mitochondrial genome of is 17,161 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, a control region, and a repeat region between and .

NMDAR inhibitor preconditioned mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles enhance post-stroke recovery by targeting excitotoxicity and neuronal regeneration.

Background: Stroke is a leading global cause of disability and mortality, with ischemic stroke triggering NMDAR overactivation and excitotoxic neuronal injury. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from stem cells under specific microenvironmental conditions show therapeutic potential for stroke recovery.

Materials And Methods: Photothrombotic stroke was induced in male ICR mice, followed by intravenous administration of EVs from memantine-preconditioned human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs; M-EV).

The expression pattern and role of circulating CXCR5 T cells in children with newly diagnosed immune thrombocytopenia.

Introduction: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is the most common bleeding disorder in children. Tfh cells play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ITP by promoting the production of anti-platelet autoantibodies. Recent studies have shown that CXCR5 T cells not only possess "Tfh-like" cell functions but also can induce Tfh cell differentiation.

Targeting FAM111B attenuates mitophagy and increases the sensitivity to lenvatinib treatment by increasing MFN2 stability in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Lenvatinib resistance significantly limits its clinical efficacy and application in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Mitofusin 2 (MFN2) is an important GTPase involved in mitochondrial fusion, energy balance and mitophagy. The role and regulatory mechanism of MFN2 in HCC progression and lenvatinib resistance remain unclear.

Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Custom Hemipelvic Prostheses With Re-Entrant Chiral Structure in Reconstruction After Pelvic Tumor Resection.

Objectives: Pelvic reconstruction with conventional 3D-printed prostheses faces a critical trade-off, where achieving sufficient porosity for optimal bone ingrowth often compromises essential mechanical stability. To address this challenge, this study evaluates the clinical outcomes of 3D-printed hemipelvic prostheses incorporating re-entrant chiral structure (RCS), a novel negative Poisson's ratio design, in patients undergoing pelvic reconstruction following tumor resection.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 15 patients (eight females and seven males; mean age: 39.

Genomic and the tumor microenvironment heterogeneity in multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aims: Ambiguous understanding of tumors and tumor microenvironments (TMEs) hinders accurate diagnosis and available treatment for multifocal hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) covering intrahepatic metastasis (IM) and multicentric occurrence (MO). Here, we characterized the diverse TMEs of IM and MO identified by whole-exome sequencing at single-cell resolution.

Approach And Results: We performed parallel whole-exome sequencing and scRNA-seq on 23 samples from 7 patients to profile their TMEs when major results were validated by immunohistochemistry in the additional cohort.

Potential of antibacterial polysaccharides to serve as a promising alternative to conventional antibiotics: challenges and future prospects.

Antibacterial polysaccharides are emerging as viable substitutes for conventional antibiotics by combining a variety of bactericidal mechanisms with their inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. This study reviewed findings from articles (approximately 110 manuscripts published between 2013 and 2024), reporting sources, extraction and use of polysaccharides (with antibacterial properties) from nature such as microbiological exopolysaccharides, chitosan and alginate. A lot of natural polysaccharides, like chitosan and alginate, possess the ability to break down bacterial cell walls and biofilms, but they don't harm human cells or even commensal microbiota.

Characterization of a novel B-cell epitope in the structural protein of goose astrovirus 1 and its application in serological detection.

Goose astrovirus 1 (GAstV-1) is an emerging pathogen responsible for gosling gout and has caused substantial economic losses in the goose industry, particularly during frequent co-infections with goose astrovirus 2 (GAstV-2) that exacerbate pathogenicity. Despite advances in GAstV-2 research, the lack of GAstV-1-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and defined epitopes has hindered the development of targeted diagnostic tools and mechanistic studies. To address this gap, we generated the first GAstV-1-specific mAb (A5A1) by immunizing mice with prokaryotically expressed recombinant ORF2 protein.

Hypoxia-Induced Creatine Uptake Reprograms Metabolism to Antagonize PARP1-Mediated Cell Death and Facilitate Tumor Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Recently, a PARP1-dependent cell-death process termed "parthanatos" that is driven by DNA damage has emerged as a crucial regulator of tissue homeostasis and tumorigenesis. Hypoxia is a hallmark of solid tumors and profoundly affects the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. Here, we investigated the crosstalk between parthanatos and hypoxia.

Neutrophil Integrin α9 Impairs Efferocytosis and Worsens Long-Term Recovery After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Background: Neutrophil infiltration exacerbates brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Integrin α9, expressed on neutrophils, facilitates their adhesion and transendothelial migration, leading to aggravated inflammatory responses and neuronal apoptosis. Insufficient clearance of apoptotic neurons by microglia and infiltrating blood-derived macrophages (defective efferocytosis) contributes to persistent inflammation and poor SAH recovery.

Efficacy and safety of ciprofol versus propofol for anesthesia in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscope: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT).

Background: Ciprofol is considered an alternative to propofol and can be used to achieve anesthesia at a lower dose with a lower incidence of adverse events. The primary objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of ciprofol and propofol used in patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopes.

Methods: The databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were retrieved for randomized controlled trials of ciprofol and propofol used in gastrointestinal endoscopes from inception to May 10, 2024.

An exploratory framework for EEG-based monitoring of motivation and performance in athletic-like scenarios.

Motivation is a key psychological factor influencing athletic performance, especially in high-intensity disciplines such as track and field. However, traditional assessment methods-ranging from self-report questionnaires to static physiological models-often fail to capture the temporal, individualized, and context-dependent nature of the motivation-performance relationship. In this study, we propose a hybrid EEG-based framework for modeling motivational states and forecasting athletic performance.

Innovative design and comprehensive ergonomic assessment of an auxiliary colonoscopy handle device.

Colonoscopy is a critical tool for diagnosing and treating bowel diseases, yet it demands high physician skill and can lead to suboptimal patient experiences. Recent technological advancements have aimed to enhance colonoscopy procedures by improving ease of use and patient comfort. This study introduces a novel colonoscopy handle auxiliary device designed to reduce operator fatigue and improve work efficiency.

Not so different and not deficient: First- and continuing-generation students' selves and self-discrepancies.

Previous research has often portrayed first-generation college students - students whose parents do not have a four-year university degree - through a deficit lens, depicting them as lacking in skills, knowledge or potential compared to continuing-generation students. It, however, remains unknown how first-generation and continuing-generation students perceive themselves with respect to their own goals and obligations. Who do they want to be and to what extent do they think of themselves as meeting their own goals and obligations? To answer these questions, we assessed students' ideal and ought selves, as well as self-discrepancies, based on Higgins's theory (Higgins, 1987), in a relatively large sample of students in the US (N = 1244) across three waves.

Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: A Therapeutic Target in Ischemic Heart Disease.

Myocardial infarction (MI)-related arrhythmias are an essential risk factor in sudden cardiac death. Aberrant cardiac the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav1.5) is important in the development of ventricular arrhythmias after an MI.

Nrf2-activated mitophagy and ferroptosis suppression synergistically mediate tangeretin's protection against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury frequently arises during liver surgery and significantly contributes to postoperative liver failure and graft dysfunction. Tangeretin (TAN), a polymethoxy flavone present in citrus peel, has demonstrated notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite this, its effects and mechanisms underlying liver I/R injury remain unclear.

The effects of childhood trauma and adult stress on obsessive-compulsive symptoms: the role of inflammation markers and thalamic functional connectivity.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that childhood trauma and adult stress are significant contributors to the development of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the physiological mechanisms by which trauma and stress influence OCD remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether inflammation and thalamic functional connectivity mediate the relationship between trauma, stress, and the development of OCD.

Multi-Omic Analysis of Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Primary Neuronal Cultures.

Glutamate excitotoxicity plays a critical role in neurodegeneration by triggering NMDA receptor hyperactivation, leading to elevated synaptic calcium levels and subsequent neuronal death. To better understand how glutamate affects neurons in neurological diseases, we conducted a comprehensive analysis of molecular changes at the transcriptome and kinome levels. We used primary cortical cultures from rat embryos to study glutamate-induced excitotoxicity.

Evaluating consistency of PM chemical composition measurement in the Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) over time.

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Chemical Speciation Network (CSN) has been monitoring PM chemical composition in urban areas since 2000.

PBX and Dfd cooperatively regulate stage-specific expression of 30 K protein BmLP1 in Bombyx mori.

Nutrient accumulation is essential for insect metamorphosis. As a group of important nutrient-storage proteins, forty-six 30 K proteins (30KPs), including BmLP1-BmLP46, have been identified in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Most 30KPs are synthesised in the last instar larvae, and the stage-specific expression of 30KPs is believed to be regulated by juvenile hormone (JH)-dependent pathways; however, the specific regulatory mechanism remains unclear.

Targeting SAMD1 enhances the effect of anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma by increasing ferroptosis sensitivity and immune response.

Background: Combination therapy of anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib has shown effective anti-tumour effects for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the overall prognosis of HCC is still unsatisfactory. Elucidating the molecular mechanism underlying HCC progression contributes to develop new effective treatment in order to enhances the response of anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib therapy and improve the patients prognosis.

Method And Results: Here, we reported that targeting SAMD1 in HCC cells via small interference RNA-containing ZIF-90@HA (ATP/acid-responsive) Nanoparticles (ZIF-90@siRNA@HA NPs, ZSH NPs) significantly enhanced the anti-tumour effects of anti-PD-1 plus lenvatinib in vivo.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in epilepsy: mechanistic insights and clinical strategies.

Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder that is increasingly recognized for its significant association with mitochondrial dysfunction. This review explores the intricate relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and epilepsy, highlighting the molecular mechanisms, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches involved. Mitochondrial abnormalities, including defects in the electron transport chain, impaired mitochondrial dynamics, disrupted autophagy, and increased oxidative stress, are implicated in epilepsy pathogenesis.

[Mechanism of Naoxintong Capsules in treatment of rats with multiple cerebral infarctions and myocardial injury based on HIF-1α/VEGF pathway].

This study aims to explore whether Naoxintong Capsules improve multiple cerebral infarctions and myocardial injury via promoting angiogenesis, thereby exerting a simultaneous treatment effect on both the brain and heart. Male SD rats were randomly divided into six groups: sham-operated group, model group, high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose groups of Naoxintong Capsules(440, 220, and 110 mg·kg~(-1)), and nimodipine group(10.8 mg·kg~(-1)).

Silk components and properties of the multilayer cocoon of the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella.

The greater wax moth Galleria mellonella is a major pest of brood combs, and produces large quantities of strong, elastic silk in the environment. However, little research has been conducted on the silk glands (SGs), silk composition and functions of G. mellonella.