Application of lidocaine injection for the cannulation of arteriovenous fistulas in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.

Background: To investigate the efficacy of lidocaine injection for the cannulation of arteriovenous fistulas in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: The clinical data of 91 patients who underwent arteriovenous fistula puncture and maintenance HD at our hospital from December 2023 to July 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into groups based on the different pre-cannulation treatment methods.

An Hf(IV)-Based Metal-Organic Framework with Abundant Aromatic Rings and Uncoordinated Carboxylic Groups for Ethane/Methane Separation.

The separation of ethane (CH) from methane (CH) is a pivotal process for increasing the calorific value of natural gas, but technically challenging due to their similar physical properties. Adsorbent-based gas separation methods utilizing metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer distinct advantages, yet their insufficient efficiency and stability limit their practical applications. Herein, we present a novel stable hafnium-based MOF (Hf-MOF), Hf-HCTTA-3COOH, constructed from a tritopic carboxylic acid ligand that incorporates high-density uncoordinated carboxylic groups attached to the central benzene ring, and further investigate its adsorption separation properties and mechanisms for CH/CH mixtures.

Predictive value of MHC-related genes in cervical cancer: implications for immunotherapy and prognostic nomogram development.

Background: While cervical cancer (CC) is increasingly detected at earlier stages due to improved screening, clinical dilemmas persist in stratifying precancerous lesions and managing advanced disease. Major histocompatibility complex-related genes (MHCRGs), which regulate antigen presentation and immune surveillance, may serve as promising biomarkers for prognosis and therapeutic guidance in CC.

Methods: We identified MHCRGs via literature review and constructed a prognostic signature using LASSO and multivariate Cox regression based on TCGA-CESC data.

In situ synthesis of copper-based mordenite for nitrogen/methane sieving.

Achieving low-energy and high-efficiency sieving of nitrogen rejection from methane in natural gas purification processes requires precise control of material pore size with a resolution of 0.1-0.2 Å, which is highly challenging.

The roles of S100A8/A9 and S100A12 in autoimmune diseases: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic potential.

The S100 protein family, the largest group of calcium-binding proteins, functions as key molecular regulators both intracellularly and extracellularly. Among these, S100A8/A9 and S100A12 have gained particular attention for their roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (AID). These proteins interact with pivotal receptors, including G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), driving innate immune activation, amplifying inflammatory responses, and modulating immune cell function.

Influence of hydrophilic polysaccharides as fat substitutes on the digestibility of myofibrillar protein gels.

Among all fat substitutes, hydrophilic polysaccharides can simultaneously meet the requirements of processing, sensory, and functional properties, thus have been widely used in meat products. However, there are few reports on the impact of the addition of hydrophilic polysaccharides on the digestibility of myofibrillar protein gels. This study focused on four hydrophilic polysaccharides including octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA) modified starch, sodium alginate (SA), konjac gum (KG) and xanthan gum (XG).

A Redox-Active Manganese Nanocluster Reverses Depression-Impaired Bone Regeneration via Targeting Cellular Senescence, Lymphangiogenesis, and the Muscle-Bone Metabolic Axis.

Depression, a prevalent chronic psychological disorder in aging populations, is increasingly recognized for its deleterious impact on bone regeneration; yet its pathological mechanisms and targeted therapies remain underexplored. Here, a rationally engineered tetranuclear manganese nanocluster (Mn), supported by a heptadentate chelating ligand (TPDP), as a multifunctional nanozyme platform to combat depression-induced skeletal dysfunction, is introduced. Utilizing a murine chronic restraint stress model combined with tibial drill-hole injury, it is demonstrated that depression impairs bone healing through a complex interplay of cellular senescence, inflammatory dysregulation, compromised lymphatic vessel proliferation, and disruption of the muscle-bone metabolic axis.

Serum tyrosine increases all-cause mortality in an older population.

Purpose: Amino acids play crucial roles in metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, especially branched-chain and aromatic amino acids, but their association with mortality remains understudied and inconclusive. This study explored the potential correlation between serum amino acids levels (including leucine(Leu), isoleucine(Ile), valine(Val), phenylalanine(Phe), and tyrosine (Tyr) and all-cause or cardiovascular deaths in an older population.

Methods: This study involved 1,238 older people selected from the Huai'an Diabetes Prevention Program aged ≥ 60 years.

Silicon and heavy metal dynamics in soil-rice systems: A taihu lake plain case study on silicon depletion.

This study addresses the critical issue of heavy metal contamination (Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Pb) in rice cultivation, with particular focus on silicon-deficient paddy soils in the Taihu Lake Plain, where Si is 87.97 mg kg. While silicon (Si) supplementation has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating heavy metal stress in plants, its effectiveness in Si-deficient soil-rice systems remains insufficiently characterized, particularly at the field scale.

Functional divergence and characterization of the HOTHEAD gene family in rice.

Introduction: The HOTHEAD (HTH) gene family, belonging to the Glucose-Methanol-Choline oxidase superfamily, regulates long-chain fatty acid redox metabolism and influences plant male reproductive development. However, a systematic characterization of HTH genes in rice (Oryza sativa) remains unexplored. Here, we identified seven rice HTH genes (OsHTH1-OsHTH7) and classified them into two subfamilies via phylogenetic analysis.

Real-time single-pixel imaging of moving objects using foveated modulation patterns.

Single-pixel imaging (SPI) enables real-time observation of dynamic scenes by reducing the sampling rate. However, traditional methods often struggle to achieve high spatial resolution when aiming for high temporal resolution, particularly when imaging fast-moving objects. To address this challenge, we propose a real-time high-resolution imaging method for moving objects that combines Fourier modulation-based tracking with foveated modulation.

Study on the Pharmacological Efficacy and Mechanism of Dual-Target Liposome Complex AD808 Against Alzheimer's Disease.

: To study the efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of the dual-target liposome complex AD808 in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. : Using APP/PS1 mouse models, the therapeutic efficacy and pharmacological mechanism of AD808 on Alzheimer's disease were studied through water maze tests, brain tissue staining, immunofluorescence, and ELISA for inflammatory and neurotrophic factors. : AD808 exhibited significant pharmacodynamic effects in improving behavioral and cognitive abilities (70% reduction in escape latency) and repairing damaged nerve cells (90% reduction in Aβ plaque) in Alzheimer's disease mice.

Ethanol exposure impaired mitotic division in apical radial glial cells and disrupted early cortical development in human forebrain organoids: Implications for ethanol-induced microcephaly.

Maternal alcohol exposure can severely disrupt the differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells, leading to a reduced number of neurons and decreased volume and thickness of the cortical layers, a hallmark feature commonly associated with microcephaly. Recent studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that ethanol exposure interfered with the formation of radial glial processes and impaired the generation and migration of outer radial glial cells in human forebrain organoids. However, the precise mechanisms by which ethanol affects the production of outer radial glial cells remain unclear.

Effect of Octa(perfluorodecyl)-Type Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes on Combustion Characteristics of the Mixed Nitrate Ester Gun Propellant.

The formation of a burning rate gradient in gun propellant by flame-retardant treatment is one of the effective methods to achieve progressive combustion and thus improve the energy utilization efficiency. In order to reveal the effect of octa-(perfluorodecyl)-type polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (FPS-POSS) on the combustion performance of gun propellants, seven-perforated granular mixed nitrate ester gun propellants containing FPS-POSS of 0, 0.5, 1.

Advances in research on SATB2 and its role in tumor development.

SATB2 is an AT-rich DNA-binding protein with a highly restricted expression pattern, primarily found in the brain, digestive tract, bone, and immune system, making it a promising target for medical research and clinical applications. Dysregulation or mutations in SATB2 have been implicated in various conditions, including cancers, isolated cleft palate, and SATB2-associated syndrome (SAS). This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the structure, biological functions, and potential role of SATB2 in tumor development.

Promoting ferroptosis of keloid fibroblasts: a key mechanism underlying the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for keloids.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy (ALA-PDT) for keloid treatment and explore its molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Nine keloid patients were enrolled between May 2024 and March 2025. All patients received ALA-PDT, with therapeutic efficacy systematically evaluated for keloid lesions.

Sporopollenin-chitosan microspheres loaded with an endophytic fungus Talaromyces neorugulosus R-209 for promoting development and controlling root rot in pigeon pea.

Plant-beneficial microbes can be effective as biological agents for promoting development and controlling diseases in plants. However, direct inoculation of non-encapsulated plant-beneficial microbes into the soils can affect their vitality and efficacy. A novel bio-based encapsulant, sporopollenin-chitosan microspheres (SCMs), was developed to load an endophytic fungus Talaromyces neorugulosus R-209 with antagonistic activities against the root rot pathogen (Rhizoctonia solani AG4) and plant growth-promoting functions.

Stemness signatures reflect prognostic disturbances in gastric cancer.

Background: Tumors characterized by high cellular stemness often have unfavorable clinical outcomes, primarily due to their heightened potential for metastasis and resistance to chemotherapy. Among the model genes, the clinical relevance and prognostic significance of Niemann-Pick type C2 (NPC2) in gastric cancer (GC) remained largely unexplored.

Aim: To identify stemness-associated genes in GC.

Instruments to Assess Dementia Fear Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties.

To critically appraise, compare and summarise the measurement properties of existing instruments that assess dementia fear among older adults (≥ 60 years). Structured searches in six English electronic databases and two Chinese databases. Additionally, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, DART Europe, and Google Scholar were searched from their inception to August 2024.

Therapeutic Potential of PDA@CeO2 in Suppressing Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Preventing Liver Fibrosis.

Objective: Liver fibrosis replaces healthy tissue with scar tissue, potentially leading to cirrhosis and cancer. ROS drive this process by activating hepatic stellate cells. This study tests the hepatoprotective effects of PDA@CeO nanoparticles in scavenging ROS, inhibiting HSC activation, and delaying fibrosis, using 2D-SWE to assess treatment efficacy.

Causal association between modifiable risk factors and esophageal cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Esophageal cancer (EC), recognized for its aggressive nature, ranks as the sixth leading cause of cancer-associated mortality globally. The incidence of EC has been suggested to link with lifestyle, obesity, and glycemic traits; however, the causality of this association remains uncertain. Consequently, our study aims to elucidate the causal connections between modifiable risk factors and EC.

Phytogenic diet enhances the growth and disease resistance of the black-spotted frog, Pelophylax nigromaculatus, by stabilizing intestinal homeostasis and boosting innate immunity.

Amphibian aquaculture has rapidly expanded due to the increasing global demand for animal proteins. Among cultured species, black-spotted frog (Pelophylax nigromaculatus) has gained attention because of its high economic and market value. However, frequent disease outbreaks under intensive farming conditions considerably hinder its sustainable growth.

Nitrogen Adsorption Sites with Low Polarizability for Benchmark N/CH Separation.

Selective adsorption of N from CH is an industrially promising but challenging process given their similar sizes and physicochemical properties. Herein, we report a robust metal-organic framework (Cu-MFU-4l) featuring open Cu(I) sites of low polarizability for benchmark N/CH separation. The presence of open Cu(I) sites in the framework was confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in situ CO-adsorbed infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Primary pigmented papillary epithelial tumor of the sella: case report and literature review.

Primary pigmented papillary epithelial tumor of the sella (PPPET) is a recently identified tumor entity that commonly originates in the sella. To date, only three cases have been documented. These tumors are characterized by a papillary structure and significant melanin granule deposition.

Mechanically Tunable Slide-Ring Polymers via Photo-Regulated Topological Control.

Post-synthetic dynamic control of polymer topology to modulate material properties on demand remains a grand challenge in polymer science. Here, we demonstrate a light-responsive slide-ring polymer network whose mechanical properties can be tuned through photoisomerization of incorporated azobenzene units. In the trans-state, azobenzene enables unhindered sliding of macrocycles along the polymer backbone, yielding a softer, more ductile material.