Advancement in Functionalized Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Gas Sensors: A Review.

In recent years, electrospinning technology has sparked a revolution in the nanoengineering of gas-sensing materials. Nanofibers based on metal oxide semiconductors, carbon materials, or conductive polymers prepared by the electrospinning process have exhibited inspiring properties, including a large specific surface area, porous structure, and nice stability, with bright application prospects in advanced gas sensors. Meanwhile, the increasingly expanding applications of gas sensors, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), the food industry, disease diagnosis, etc.

Robust fluorine-rich YF artificial interfacial layer for providing uniform Zn flux and enhancing cycling stability of Zn anodes.

Zn metal anodes have emerged as promising candidates for aqueous Zn-based energy storage devices owing to their high theoretical specific capacity, low redox potential, and abundance of raw materials. However, sluggish Zn kinetics and uneven electric-field distribution at the interface between the Zn anode and electrolyte can lead to the formation of harmful Zn dendrites, reducing the cycle life of both the Zn anode and Zn-based devices. Here, a structurally stable rare-earth compound, yttrium fluoride (YF), is introduced as an artificial interfacial layer for Zn anodes to facilitate Zn migration and nucleation.

Source-sink relationship of petroleum hydrocarbons in the oilfield area of Northern Shaanxi: Multilayer perceptron-based modelling systems.

Petroleum contributes significantly to economic growth, but pollution near oilfields poses risks to ecosystems and human health. The soil petroleum content and sources in the Yanchang oilfield, located in northern Shaanxi, remain unclear and present an environmental threat. To address this, a comprehensive soil contamination survey was conducted in the surrounding area.

Diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound in the typing of fetal esophageal atresia.

Objective: To investigate the prenatal ultrasound image features and diagnostic value of fetal esophageal atresia (EA).

Methods: The clinical and prenatal ultrasound data of 24 fetuses with suspected esophageal atresia diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound and/or postpartum ultrasound at Shandong Maternal and Child Health Hospital between February 2022 and November 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, and the prenatal ultrasound diagnostic characteristics of different types of esophageal atresia were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: Twenty-four cases of esophageal atresia were detected by prenatal and/or postpartum ultrasound.

Risk factors for allergic rhinitis in preschool children: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common disease in preschool children and seriously affects their quality of life. Defining the risk factors of AR can help early diagnosis and prevention. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify and summarizes the risk factors associated with allergic rhinitis in preschool children.

Neuromedin U Activation of Group 2 Innate Lymphocytes Exacerbates Local Inflammation of Nasal Mucosa in Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is no longer considered an immune dysregulation disorder but rather a neuroimmune disorder regulated by neuronal signals. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. Therefore, we evaluated whether the local nasal mucosa is regulated by neuroimmune signals during nasal allergic reactions.

Decoding the role and regulatory network of the NcSnRK2 gene family in cold stress response of Nymphaea candida.

The white water lily (Nymphaea candida), native to the high-altitude regions of Xinjiang, China, serves as an excellent model for studying cold tolerance in aquatic plants. This study explored the sucrose non-fermenting related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) family genes in Nymphaea candida (NcSnRK2), establishing a functional link between NcSnRK2 and cold tolerance. Phylogenetic analysis grouped NcSnRK2 family members into three evolutionarily conserved clades.

A new method for detecting mycoplasma in cell cultures using colocalization of DNA and membrane staining.

Mycoplasma often surreptitiously contaminates cell cultures without detection, mainly parasitizing the cell surface and thus interfering to some extent with the cells. Direct DNA staining of cell cultures often yields equivocal results and will only reliably detect heavily contaminated cultures. Interpretation is difficult in cases where degraded DNA from host cells may produce small spots of fluorescence under microscopy that mimic mycoplasma.

Elevating Jak-STAT signaling via SOCS3 deletion sustains photoreceptor viability and visual function in mouse models of retinitis pigmentosa.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited retinal disease in which the loss of rod photoreceptors precedes cone photoreceptor degeneration. The neurocytokine ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) can provide potent neuroprotection for photoreceptors in various retinal degeneration models and has thus been tested in clinical trials aimed at treating blinding diseases. In a preclinical model of RP, exogenous CNTF signaling mediated by the cytokine receptor gp130 initially triggered STAT3 and ERK phosphorylation in Muller glial cells and subsequently activated STAT3 in rods to promote photoreceptor survival.

Enhanced Reduction of Nitrate to Ammonia at the Co-N Heteroatomic Interface in MOF-Derived Porous Carbon.

The electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate is an efficient and green method for NH production. In this study, a Co-containing MOF with a stable three-dimensional carbon framework that offers abundant metal active sites is prepared as a precursor to a Co-N-C electrocatalyst. Facile pyrolysis of the three-dimensional MOF affords the desired Co-N-C electrocatalyst, which exhibits excellent stability, an NH yield of 1.

Nitrogen Adsorption Sites with Low Polarizability for Benchmark N/CH Separation.

Selective adsorption of N from CH is an industrially promising but challenging process given their similar sizes and physicochemical properties. Herein, we report a robust metal-organic framework (Cu-MFU-4l) featuring open Cu(I) sites of low polarizability for benchmark N/CH separation. The presence of open Cu(I) sites in the framework was confirmed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in situ CO-adsorbed infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

A dynamic prediction model for predicting the time at which patients with MCI progress to AD based on time-dependent covariates.

Background: Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that imposes a significant burden on families and society. Timely intervention during the transitional stages from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to AD can help mitigate this issue. The MCI-to-AD conversion time would be helpful if it could be predicted.

Clinical validation of AI assisted animal ultrasound models for diagnosis of early liver trauma.

The study aimed to develop an AI-assisted ultrasound model for early liver trauma identification, using data from Bama miniature pigs and patients in Beijing, China. A deep learning model was created and fine-tuned with animal and clinical data, achieving high accuracy metrics. In internal tests, the model outperformed both Junior and Senior sonographers.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of yamaguti, 1935 (Palaeacanthocephala: Echinorhynchida) in cultured large yellow croaker () and its phylogenetic implications.

A species of acanthocephalan collected from the hindgut of was identified as Yamaguti, 1935 based on morphological characteristics. The complete mitochondrial genome of this parasite was sequenced. The mitogenome exhibited a circular structure with a total length of 14 632 bp, containing 12 protein coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and 2 major non-coding regions.

Post-Flowering High Temperature and Drought Stress Impair Wheat Yield via Physiological and Molecular Disruption of Source-Sink Dynamics and Starch Metabolism.

Enhancing wheat resilience to concurrent high-temperature (HT) and drought stress (DS) is critical for sustainable agriculture under climate change. However, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying their combined effects (DHS) remain poorly understood. Here, a 3-year field study evaluated post-flowering HT, DS and DHS impacts on two wheat cultivars, Zhongmai 36 (ZM36) and Jimai 22 (JM22).

Rapid and direct discovery of functional tumor specific neoantigens by high resolution mass spectrometry and novel algorithm prediction.

While immune cell therapies have transformed cancer treatment, achieving comparable success in solid tumors remains a significant challenge compared to hematologic malignancies like non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM). Over the past four decades, various immunotherapeutic strategies, including tumor vaccines, tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapies, and T cell receptor (TCR) therapies, have demonstrated clinical efficacy in select solid tumors, suggesting potential advantages over CAR-T and CAR-NK cell therapies in specific contexts. The dynamic nature of the cancer-immunity cycle, characterized by the continuous evolution of tumor-specific neoantigens, enables tumors to evade immune surveillance.

Deciphering the Humidity Resistance and Oxygen-Content Independence of Conductometric Hydrogen Sulfide Sensors Based on Electrospun CeO/CuO Nanotubes.

Limited by inherent physicochemical properties and surface-adsorption-dominated gas-sensing behavior, traditional metal oxides are susceptible to ambient humidity levels and oxygen content within test environments. To overcome this issue, we proposed one highly sensitive MEMS-type HS sensor featuring electrospun cerium oxide (CeO)/copper oxide (CuO) nanotubes as the sensing layer. The constituent ratio-optimized sensors (CeO/CuO-5) exhibited superior HS-sensing performance over pure CeO counterparts, including lower operation temperature, more than two times stronger response (7.

Ionic Polymer Sensors with High Stability and Fast Preparation Process Based on Spraying Coating and Ionic Liquid Immersion.

Ionic polymer sensors (IPS) can replicate the topological structures of human skin based on the ion migration mechanism, which has great application potential in the fields of medical monitoring and electronic skins. The existing piezoelectric IPS are usually prepared through chemical methods and utilize cations and water as the electrolyte, which has two challenges: a slow preparation process and solvent volatilization. In this article, we proposed a fast method to prepare piezoelectric IPS by integrating spraying and electrodepositing Au processes.

NcFER1 and NcRbohC1 Regulate Pollen Germination on Waterlily Stigma After Pollination.

The hybridization between hardy and tropical waterlilies is the main way to breed new varieties of waterlilies with strong cold resistance and rich flower colors. However, there is a hybridization barrier between hardy and tropical waterlilies, which seriously affects the breeding process of waterlilies. Therefore, it is necessary to study the mechanism of hybridization barriers in waterlilies.

A Strong Antifreeze Adhesive with Excellent Low-Temperature Operability.

As a result of the freezing of any components in the polymerization system, including solvents, monomers, and initiators, low-temperature in situ curing is difficult to achieve for adhesives. Here, we report an antifreeze aqueous precursor that still exhibits fluidity and in situ curing properties at -60 °C, which is below the freezing point of any component in this system. Calcium ions act not only as antifreeze agents to lower the freezing point of precursors significantly but also as cross-linking points to enhance the cohesive properties of the system after polymerization.

Insight into the potential mechanisms of electron beam irradiation maintains energy supply in fava beans (Vicia faba L.) by regulating mitochondrial condition during postharvest cold storage.

EBI is an emerging non-thermal technology with potential applications in postharvest preservation. The effects of 2.0 kGy EBI on energy metabolism and mitochondrial function were systematically assessed in fresh fava beans over a 20-day cold storage period.

Bibliometric Analysis on the Central Regulation of Airway Allergic Hyperreactivity Diseases Based on Bibliometric Analysis: From Lung-Brain Axis to Nasal-Brain Axis.

Aim: This study aimed to systematically analyze the neuro-regulation mechanisms of airway hyperreactivity disease using bibliometrics, focusing on the research status and progress of two key regulatory networks: the "lung-brain axis" and the "nasal-brain axis", to further characterize the "nasal-brain axis".

Methods: A bibliometric analysis of 626 articles published between 1991 and 2024 was conducted to assess the growing interest in the impact of neuro-immune mechanisms and psychological stress on airway diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR).

Results: The study findings revealed that interactions between neuro-immune signaling pathways and the central nervous system are crucial for understanding airway hyperreactivity, with the United States leading research contributions.

Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: a tripartite analysis bridging clinical epidemiology, imaging evolution, and global research landscapes.

Background: Mounier-Kuhn syndrome (MKS) is characterized by tracheobronchomegaly with thinning or atrophy of the elastic tissue. Due to low clinical awareness, MKS is frequently overlooked on chest CT examinations, leading to diagnostic delays. This study aimed to synthesize the historical context and contemporary advancements in MKS research.

Utilization of simulation in undergraduate clinical nursing skills training: A cross-sectional study in China.

Aim: This study seeks to explore the challenges and experiences of nurse educators in adopting simulation in undergraduate clinical skills training in China.

Background: Despite global recognition in nursing education, simulation's role in Chinese nursing schools' clinical skills training is largely uncharted.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Inhibition of TRPV1 attenuates innate nasal epithelial responses via NF-κB signaling pathway in allergic rhinitis.

Objectives: Nasal epithelial cells initiate innate responses to allergens by releasing IL-1 family cytokines, such as IL-33, and disrupting the mucosal barrier. TRPV1 has gained increasing recognition for its role in immune modulation in allergic conditions. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms by which epithelial cells detect allergens and explore the pivotal role of TRPV1 in regulating innate nasal epithelial responses.