Compensatory roles of STT3A and ALG5 in glucose metabolism of aged macaque hippocampus.

The hippocampus (HC), a central hub for memory and cognition, exhibits unique metabolic resilience during aging despite widespread brain glucose hypometabolism. Here, we report that aged humans and macaques paradoxically display elevated HC glucose uptake (18F-FDG PET SUVR) alongside strengthened connectivity to sensory-motor and limbic networks-an adaptive rewiring revealed by graph-theoretical metabolic network analysis. Integrated multi-omics profiling identified STT3A (oligosaccharyltransferase) and ALG5 (dolichyl-phosphate β-glucosyltransferase) as key regulators of age-related HC adaptation, with their upregulation in aged macaque hippocampi driving N-glycosylation-dependent metabolic reprogramming.

Transcriptomic and mitochondrial functional analyses for quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes enhancing drought tolerance in maize.

Fullerene-based nanomaterials have been attested to enhance plant responses to abiotic stress, crop development, and crop production. Recently, quaternary ammonium iminofullerenes (IFQA), as nanobiostimulants, have played a positive role in protecting maize against drought stress through reactive oxygen species (ROS) neutralization and maintenance of energy status. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding IFQA-mediated molecular mechanism and its efficacy in mitochondrial homeostasis in drought-stress maize seedlings.

AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet self-monitoring micro-LED arrays.

Monolithic integration of micro-light emitting diodes (LEDs) arrays, waveguide, and photodiodes (PD) was achieved on 275 nm deep-ultraviolet (DUV) LED epitaxial wafers, enabling self-monitoring LED arrays. It revealed significant size-dependent effects on the electrical and optical characteristics of LEDs. Arrays with mesa diameters of 220 m, 140 m, and 60 m exhibited enhanced current spreading, where the 60-m devices achieved peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 4.

Effects of Moso bamboo tubes on color, aroma, physicochemical properties and composition of bitter buckwheat liquor.

Bamboo tube liquor (BTL) represents a traditional Chinese alcoholic beverage. Although BTL has a long history of folk consumption, the specific compounds that migrate from Moso bamboo into bitter buckwheat liquor (BBL), its effects on liquor quality, and the key chemical markers that characterize BTL remain poorly understood. This study investigated the changes in color, aroma, alcohol and sugar content, physicochemical properties, and chemical composition of BTL after two months of sealed storage in fresh Moso bamboo tubes.

Evaluation of the efficacy of FDG-PET/CT in assessing the effects of BMMSC treatment in aged rhesus monkeys.

To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of BMMSCs in aged rhesus monkeys, histological texture features were analyzed using F-FDG-PET/CT imaging. The study involved three groups: five juvenile rhesus monkeys (mean age 2 years, weight 4.6 ± 0.

Cadmium toxicity in plants: from transport to tolerance mechanisms.

Cadmium (Cd), a non-essential heavy metal, induces severe phytotoxicity through oxidative stress and cellular homeostasis disruption. Chronic Cd exposure inhibits plant growth via leaf chlorosis, stunted stem elongation, and impaired root architecture, while disrupting physiological functions through chlorophyll degradation, membrane peroxidation, and antioxidant system collapse. This review systematically investigates plant adaptive responses to Cd stress.

Transforming Cancer Nanotechnology Data Analysis and User Experience. Part II: Providing Future Solutions Using Large Language Models.

The advances in cancer nanotechnologies and current efforts focused on data sharing, along with the associated challenges, have been summarized in the first part of this review. Herein, we explore the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) to enhance user experience, using the federally funded data repository caNanoLab as a case study. By training the LLM on caNanoLab data, we demonstrate its ability to provide more comprehensive search results, well-guided data entry, and a personalized, assisted search experience.

Application and progress of temperature-sensitive hydrogels in cartilage injury repair.

Articular cartilage injury is an important challenge in the field of orthopedics. Due to its unique characteristics of being vascularless, neuralless, and without lymphoid tissue, as well as the poor proliferation and migration ability of chondrocytes, the self-repair ability of cartilage after injury is limited. In recent years, with the development of tissue engineering, temperature-sensitive hydrogels, a new type of biomedical material, have unique temperature-responsive phase transition characteristics (such as a phase transition critical point close to the physiological temperature) that enable them to rapidly form a stable three-dimensional porous structure triggered by body temperature after being injected into the joint cavity.

Toll-like receptor 4-mediated inflammatory stimulation in Kupffer cell enhances arsenite-induced liver fibrosis by triggering hepatic stellate cell activation.

As a metalloid element with toxic properties, arsenic (As) has been shown to induce liver fibrosis (LF). Activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) is a pivotal factors in the progression of LF, yet the key sentinel cells of the liver tissue, Kupffer cell (KC), also exert a central regulatory role in driving LF. However, the specific functions of these cells in As-induced LF remain to be elucidated.

Transforming Cancer Nanotechnology Data Analysis and User Experience. Part I: Current Challenges and Solutions Provided by caNanoLab.

Cancer nanotechnologies have the potential to revolutionize cancer diagnosis and treatment; however, their complexity poses challenges to data analysis and knowledge sharing. caNanoLab, a dedicated cancer nanotechnology data-sharing portal, has emerged as a valuable resource for researchers in this field. However, to fully utilize the wealth of data available in caNanoLab, there is a need for real-time descriptive statistical presentation and an optimized user experience.

Sodium Alginate/Erythritol/d‑Mannitol Phase Change Materials for Long-Term Thermal Energy Storage and Controllable Release.

As renewable energy technologies continue to advance, supercooled phase change materials (PCMs) are emerging as a promising solution for long-term thermal energy storage (TES), gaining significant attention from both researchers and industry for their potential to enhance energy efficiency. In our previous study, a supercooled PCMs system that blended erythritol (ET) and d-mannitol (DM) was shown to exhibit high latent heat but could not achieve long-term thermal storage stability. To extend the thermal storage duration of the previous DM/ET (DE) material, it served as a foundation that was integrated with sodium alginate (SA) to produce novel SA/DE PCMs.

A Multifunctional Bio-Based Bamboo Coating Integrating Nano-ZnO, , KMnO, and Nano-CaCO for Long-Term Preservation of Climacteric and Non-Climacteric Fruits.

Postharvest fruit losses are largely driven by a short shelf-life resulting from ethylene-induced ripening, microbial spoilage, and moisture loss. In this study, a multifunctional coating was fabricated on Moso bamboo substrates via a simple two-step process. The coating integrates superhydrophobic, ethylene-scavenging, and antibacterial functions, utilizing rosin, nano-ZnO, powder, nano-CaCO, and KMnO.

Impact of Charlson Comorbidity Index on clinical outcomes of patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: a propensity score matching method.

Objective: Patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTEACS) admitted into emergency department are usually combined with a high number of comorbidities. Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is the most commonly used measure to assess comorbidity in clinical practice. However, the impact of CCI on the clinical outcomes of patients with NSTEACS are still unclear.

Extracellular Vesicles-Induced Cell Homing and Odontogenesis via microRNA Signaling for Dentin Regeneration.

Reparative tertiary dentinogenesis requires the recruitment and odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) as bioactive molecules have gained attention in regenerative medicine for their ability to mediate tissue repair through intercellular communication, influencing cell recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of EVs on DPSC homing and odontogenic differentiation for dentin regeneration.

Establishing Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer Diagnosis Models Based on Serum Methylation Levels of Four Genes.

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the male reproductive system. Improving the ability of noninvasive diagnosis of prostate cancer is an urgent clinical problem to be solved and has broad research prospects. Our explores the application value of serum DNA methylation indicators and models in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa), including its diagnostic efficiency and application in unnecessary biopsy.

Application of proteolysis targeting chimeric (PROTAC) technology in protein regulation and drug development.

The Proteolysis Targeting Chimera (PROTAC) is one of the targeted protein degradation technologies, leveraging the ubiquitin-proteasome system to selectively degrade target proteins within cells. Unlike conventional therapies that rely on continuous occupancy of the target protein, PROTACs operate through an event-driven mechanism that enables catalytic protein degradation, achieving effects at sub-stoichiometric concentrations. This review compares PROTACs with small-molecule inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), highlighting their ability to degrade "undruggable" intracellular proteins, and potential to eliminate targets with high efficiency at low doses.

Evaluation of different residual stromal bed thickness on long-term in vivo corneal biomechanics following SMILE in rabbits.

This study aims to evaluate the long-term biomechanical safety of SMILE in vivo, focusing on the continuous changes in corneal biomechanics over an extended period for the correction of high myopia with a residual stromal bed thickness (RST) less than 50 % of the preoperative CCT. Twelve rabbits were included in this study. The right eye of each rabbit underwent SMILE surgery, with the corneal cap thickness at one-third of the preoperative CCT, approximately 120 μm, while the left eye served as the control.

Iron-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reductive Cross-Coupling of Ketimines with Alkyl Iodides.

We report herein an Fe-catalyzed asymmetric reductive cross-coupling of carbonyl-containing ketimines with unactivated alkyl halides, enabling the efficient synthesis of enantioenriched α-tertiary amino esters and amides. This transformation is promoted by a commercially available iron(II) triflate catalyst in combination with a chiral bisoxazoline-phosphine (NPN) ligand and inexpensive manganese as the reductant. A broad range of primary and secondary alkyl iodides are compatible, affording the desired products in high yields with excellent enantioselectivities and exceptional functional group tolerance.

Multiple synchronous primary malignant neoplasms of renal, ureter and urinary bladder: a case report.

Synchronous multiple primary malignant neoplasms (MPMNs) involving distinct histopathological entities within the upper urinary tract represent a rare clinical phenomenon. We present a novel case of a 57-year-old male presenting with asymptomatic gross hematuria, subsequently diagnosed with three concurrent malignancies: papillary renal cell carcinoma(T1bN0M0), verrucous carcinoma of the renal pelvis (T1N0M0), and low-grade invasive urothelial carcinoma of the ureter (T2N0M0). Comprehensive imaging evaluation revealed a 5.

Barriers and facilitators to implementing the Let's Talk about Children intervention in China: A qualitative study.

Background: Evidence-based interventions often fail to translate into practice. This study aims to identify facilitators and barriers that affect the implementation of Let's Talk about Children (LTC), a family-focused intervention for families of children with parental mental illness (COPMI). Furthermore, we aim to offer actionable strategies to scale up LTC in China.

Effects of fermentation by different strains on the Physico- chemical properties, quality, and metabolic profile of Rice noodles.

To reveal how fermentation-derived metabolites influence rice noodle texture and bioactivity, this study compared single-strain (Lactobacillus rhamnosus MJLS028, Lactococcus lactis cremoris MJLR915, Saccharomyces cerevisiae MJSN096), mixed-strain, and natural fermentation; assessing physicochemical properties, texture, cooking qualities and metabolite profiles. Mixed-strain fermentation increased amylose content from 23.04 % to 27.

AC-YOLO: A lightweight ship detection model for SAR images based on YOLO11.

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), renowned for its all-weather monitoring capability and high-resolution imaging characteristics, plays a pivotal role in ocean resource exploration, environmental surveillance, and maritime security. It has become a fundamental technological support in marine science research and maritime management. However, existing SAR ship detection algorithms encounter two major challenges: limited detection accuracy and high computational cost, primarily due to the wide range of target scales, indistinct contour features, and complex background interference.

Effects of excitation field amplitude on magnetic particle imaging performance: a modeling study.

Magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is a new tomographic imaging technique that can quantitatively correlate MPI signal intensity to the spatial distribution of magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) tracers. Due to its non-ionizing nature, low background signal from biological matrices, high contrast, and relatively good spatial and temporal resolution, MPI has been actively studied and applied to biomedical imaging and is expected to reach the clinical stage soon. To further improve the spatial resolution limit in MPI, researchers have been working towards optimizing the image reconstruction algorithms, magnetic field profiles, tracer designs, circuitry, etc.

Systematic review of extracellular vesicle-derived microRNAs involved in organ fibrosis: implications for arthrofibrosis therapy.

Arthrofibrosis is defined as the excessive accumulation of connective tissue in and around joints, which interferes with the range of motion required for activities of daily living. Although joint stiffness can be restored by surgical interventions such as adhesion lysis, arthroscopic debridement, and capsular release, arthrofibrosis tends to redevelop in the months following the surgery. Thus, there is a critical and urgent need to develop a non-invasive, pharmacological therapy to prevent or resolve arthrofibrosis.

Arsenic-induced hepatotoxicity: Mechanistic insights into TNFAIP3-mediated regulation of the NF-κB p65/IAPs Signaling Pathway.

Exposure to excessive arsenic results in progressive liver injury, although the underlying mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. This study aims to investigate whether TNFAIP3 plays a protective role within the transcriptional regulatory network linking with NF-κB p65 and IAPs. A model of arsenic-induced liver injury in C57BL/6 mice was established, alongside an in vitro study using HHL-5 cells.