Surface modification of polycaprolactone with sulfated alginate for enhanced binding of a heparin-binding protein.

Surface modification of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) to facilitate interactions with high pI proteins is a strategy used to enhance 3D PCL scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. The approach of the current study was to firstly optimise the surface modification on 2D films and then apply to 3D scaffolds. Melt-pressed PCL films were grafted with 2-aminoethyl methacrylate gamma radiation induced grafting to introduce amine functional groups to the substrate surfaces.

AlGaN-based deep-ultraviolet self-monitoring micro-LED arrays.

Monolithic integration of micro-light emitting diodes (LEDs) arrays, waveguide, and photodiodes (PD) was achieved on 275 nm deep-ultraviolet (DUV) LED epitaxial wafers, enabling self-monitoring LED arrays. It revealed significant size-dependent effects on the electrical and optical characteristics of LEDs. Arrays with mesa diameters of 220 m, 140 m, and 60 m exhibited enhanced current spreading, where the 60-m devices achieved peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 4.

Mechanisms of endothelial senescence and vascular aging.

Scope: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of mortality, especially in the aging population. Aging is one of the main risk factors contributing to CVD, leading to early mortality and a decline in the quality of life. Vascular aging is closely linked with atherosclerosis, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral arterial diseases.

Aging and Lifestyle Modifications for Preventing Aging-Related Diseases.

The pathogenesis of various chronic diseases is closely associated with aging. Aging of the cardiovascular system promotes the development of severe cardiovascular diseases with high mortality, including atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction. Similarly, aging of the nervous system promotes the development of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, which seriously impairs cognitive function.

HOXB4/METTL7B cascade mediates malignant phenotypes of hepatocellular carcinoma through TKT m6A modification.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma is a fatal malignancy that lacking specific therapies. Homeobox B4 (HOXB4) was negatively correlated with poor prognosis in cancers, but its role in hepatocellular carcinoma has not been elucidated.

Results: We confirmed that HOXB4 was downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and lower HOXB4 expression associated with poor prognosis.

Systemic aging and aging-related diseases.

Aging is a biological process along with systemic and multiple organ dysfunction. It is more and more recognized that aging is a systemic disease instead of a single-organ functional disorder. Systemic aging plays a profound role in multiple diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and malignant diseases.

Landscape of the intratumoral microbiota acting on the tumor immune microenvironment in LUAD and LUSC.

Although the intratumoral microbiota has been discovered to have a close connection with tumor immunity, the specific role played by intratumoral microbiota in regulating the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of lung cancer remains largely unexplored. Here, we comprehensively investigated the association between intratumoral microbiota and the TIME in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). First, we found that intratumoral microbiota and host transcriptome profile significantly differed between LUAD and LUSC.

Regulatory Roles of Exosomes in Aging and Aging-Related Diseases.

Exosomes are small vesicles with diameters ranging from 30 to 150 nm. They originate from cellular endocytic systems. These vesicles contain a rich payload of biomolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolic products.

Polarization-Sensitive Solar-Blind Ultraviolet Photodetectors Based on Semipolar (112̅2) AlGaN Film.

Wide bandgap semiconductor AlGaN alloys have been identified as key materials to fabricate solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors (SBUV PDs). Herein, a self-driven SBUV polarization-sensitive PD (PSPD) based on semipolar (112̅2)-oriented AlGaN films is reported. Using the flow-rate modulation epitaxy method, the full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) for the obtained (112̅2) AlGaN along [112̅3̅] and [11̅00] rocking curves are 0.

Association between lipid accumulation products and stress urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2005 to 2018.

Background: Stress urinary incontinence (SUI), a common disorder of the pelvic floor, often results in anxiety, poor quality of life, and psychological issues among its sufferers. The relationship between lipid accumulation products (LAP) and stress-related urine incontinence remains unclear. This research aimed to investigate any possible correlation between the risk of SUI and the level of lipid accumulation products.

Association between triglyceride glucose body mass index and urinary incontinence: a cross-sectional study from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001 to 2018.

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent, health-threatening condition that causes isolation and psychological strain, leading to significant personal distress. The connection between the triglyceride glucose body mass index (TyG-BMI) and UI remains elusive. The purpose of the current research was to investigate any possible relationships between raised TyG-BMI levels and a higher likelihood of UI.

Sulfated Alginate for Biomedical Applications.

Alginate (Alg) polymers have received much attention due to the mild conditions required for gel formation and their good bio-acceptability. However, due to limited interactions with cells, many drugs, and biomolecules, chemically modified alginates are of great interest. Sulfated alginate (S-Alg) is a promising heparin-mimetic that continues to be investigated both as a drug molecule and as a component of biomaterials.

A Visual Measurement Method for Deep Holes in Composite Material Aerospace Components.

The visual measurement of deep holes in composite material workpieces constitutes a critical step in the robotic assembly of aerospace components. The positioning accuracy of assembly holes significantly impacts the assembly quality of components. However, the complex texture of the composite material surface and mutual interference between the imaging of the inlet and outlet edges of deep holes significantly challenge hole detection.

Error Analysis of Normal Surface Measurements Based on Multiple Laser Displacement Sensors.

The robotic drilling of assembly holes is a crucial process in aerospace manufacturing, in which measuring the normal of the workpiece surface is a key step to guide the robot to the correct pose and guarantee the perpendicularity of the hole axis. Multiple laser displacement sensors can be used to satisfy the portable and in-site measurement requirements, but there is still a lack of accurate analysis and layout design. In this paper, a simplified parametric method is proposed for multi-sensor normal measurement devices with a symmetrical layout, using three parameters: the sensor number, the laser beam slant angle, and the laser spot distribution radius.

Calcitriol ameliorates the progression of hepatic fibrosis through autophagy-related gene 16-like 1-mediated autophagy.

Background: Calcitriol has the potential to counteract fibrotic diseases beyond its classical action of maintaining calcium and bone metabolism; however, its functional mechanism remains unknown. Autophagy-related gene 16-like 1 (Atg16l1) is one of the genes related to autophagy and is involved in protecting against fibrotic diseases. The present study aimed to explore the contribution of autophagy to the inhibition of calcitriol-induced hepatic fibrosis, as well as its potential molecular mechanism.

Single-cell transcriptome analysis of aging mouse liver.

Aging has a great impact on the liver, which causes a loss of physiological integrity and an increase in susceptibility to injury, but many of the underlying molecular and cellular processes remain unclear. Here, we performed a comprehensive single-cell transcriptional profiling of the liver during aging. Our data showed that aging affected the cellular composition of the liver.

Overview of Innate Immune Cell Landscape in Liver Aging.

Aging is a biological process with a gradual decline in functional capacity, and this process often enhances the risk of chronic disease morbidity and mortality. With advanced age, the immune system undergoes a process of remodeling that can lead to a chronic inflammatory state, termed immunosenescence and inflammaging, respectively. Immunosenescence is accompanied by changes in the number, proportion, and functional capacity of the innate immune cells.

Wafer-Scale Transferrable GaN Enabled by Hexagonal Boron Nitride for Flexible Light-Emitting Diode.

Epitaxy growth and mechanical transfer of high-quality III-nitrides using 2D materials, weakly bonded by van der Waals force, becomes an important technology for semiconductor industry. In this work, wafer-scale transferrable GaN epilayer with low dislocation density is successfully achieved through AlN/h-BN composite buffer layer and its application in flexible InGaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is demonstrated. Guided by first-principles calculations, the nucleation and bonding mechanism of GaN and AlN on h-BN is presented, and it is confirmed that the adsorption energy of Al atoms on O -plasma-treated h-BN is over 1 eV larger than that of Ga atoms.

Glycine Decarboxylase (GLDC) Plays a Crucial Role in Regulating Energy Metabolism, Invasion, Metastasis and Immune Escape for Prostate Cancer.

Glycine decarboxylase (GLDC) is one of the core enzymes for glycine metabolism and its biological roles in prostate cancer (PCa) are unclear. First, we found that GLDC plays a central role in glycolysis in 540 TCGA PCa patients. Subsequently, a metabolomic microarray showed that GLDC enhanced aerobic glycolysis in PCa cells, and GLDC and its enzyme activity enhanced glucose uptake, lactate production and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in PCa cells.

TACC3 is an independent prognostic marker, and knockdown of TACC3 enhances the efficacy of CDK1 inhibitor RO3306 in liver cancer cells.

The drug resistance of single-target therapy has gradually become an intractable clinical problem. Combination therapy may be an effective treatment to overcome or postpone drug resistance in cancer. Herein, we discussed the synergistic effect of transforming acidic coiled-coil containing protein 3 (TACC3) suppression and cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).