Review of Perioperative Care in Elderly Patients With Esophageal Hiatal Hernia and Cardiopulmonary Disease.

This article aims to explore the clinical characteristics and corresponding nursing points of elderly patients with massive hiatal hernia. A case study of an elderly patient with massive hiatal hernia and severe cardiopulmonary disease was reviewed, along with relevant literature. Nursing points are the following: multidisciplinary team to estimate surgical risks and develop individualized pre-rehabilitation management strategies; assessment and intervention for thrombosis and bleeding risks; postoperative hemodynamic monitoring and precise fluid management; dynamic observation of inflammatory indicators and infection prevention and care; and follow-up visits and health guidance after discharge.

Development and Optimization of a Novel Synthetic Route for 2,4-Diamine-quinazoline Containing Ziresovir: A Drug Candidate for the Treatment of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Infection.

Ziresovir (AK0529) is a potent fusion (F) protein inhibitor featuring a quinazoline-2,4-diamine core and is currently a Phase III clinical drug candidate for the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infectious diseases. The existing synthetic routes to Ziresovir involve two consecutive nucleophilic substitutions on 2,4-dichloro-6-methylquinazoline with amines, which often result in undesired side products and require harsh conditions for the second chlorine substitution. In this study, we report the development and optimization of a streamlined, three-step synthesis of Ziresovir.

The transcriptional regulation of NUPR1 expression by MYC is implicated in the regulation of ferroptosis in human spermatogonial stem cells.

Non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) is a leading cause of male infertility, characterized by impaired spermatogenesis. Recent studies suggest that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, may contribute to testicular dysfunction, however, its role in NOA remains underexplored. In this study, we investigated the roles of NUPR1 and MYC in regulating ferroptosis in human spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) and evaluated their potential as therapeutic targets for NOA.

Research landscape of glioma and inflammation over the past two decades.

Introduction: Glioma is one of the most aggressive brain tumors, and its interaction with inflammation has become an emerging research focus. Despite increasing interest in the role of inflammation in glioma progression and therapy, a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of this field is lacking.

Methods: We conducted a systematic bibliometric analysis of glioma and inflammation research using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Natural History and Outcomes of Deep-seated Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: a Propensity Score Matched Analysis Using Nationwide Multicenter Prospective Registry Data.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the natural history of deep-seated brain arteriovenous malformation (AVMs), as well as the risk-benefit outcomes of interventional treatment versus conservative management.

Materials & Methods: Patients with deep-seated AVMs were selected from a nationwide prospective multicenter registry study in China (the MATCH study), and univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with AVM rupture. In the analysis of outcomes, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed between the interventional and conservative treatment groups, adjusting for baseline differences.

Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease-Related Neoplasms.

Background And Aim: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a widely prevalent disease that severely influences patients' quality of life and is a known risk factor for esophageal adenoma and carcinoma. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a tissue resection technique that involves circumferential en bloc resection of the mucosa that surrounds the tumor followed by dissection of the esophagogastric junction (EGJ) submucosa under the lesion. After mucosal resection, the mucosal healing results in scar formation, which in turn results in shrinkage and remodeling of gastric cardia flap valve, thereby theoretically reducing reflux events.

Elevated Risk of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture during Pregnancy and Puerperium.

Objective: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) pose a significant risk during pregnancy because of hormonal changes and increased hemodynamic stress. This study aims to assess the risk of AVM rupture during pregnancy and puerperium and to identify risk factors associated with rupture.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 588 women with AVMs and a history of pregnancy, enrolled from a nationwide registry in China between August 2011 and August 2021.

METTL5 regulates SEPHS2-mediated selenoprotein synthesis to promote multiple myeloma survival and progression.

The abnormal expression of mA methyltransferase is a significant factor in the occurrence and progression of tumors. The 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) mA methyltransferase Methyltransferase-like 5 (METTL5) is upregulated in various cancers, leading to adverse prognosis by abnormally regulating protein translation in tumor cells. However, the functionality and molecular mechanisms of METTL5 in the progression of multiple myeloma (MM) remain unknown.

Flourishing chemosynthetic life at the greatest depths of hadal trenches.

Hadal trenches, some of the Earth's least explored and understood environments, have long been proposed to harbour chemosynthesis-based communities. Despite increasing attention, actual documentation of such communities has been exceptionally rare. Here we report the discovery of the deepest and the most extensive chemosynthesis-based communities known to exist on Earth during an expedition to the Kuril-Kamchatka Trench and the western Aleutian Trench using the manned submersible Fendouzhe.

Management of Patients With AIDS and Retroperitoneal Calcified Fibrosis During the Perioperative Period: A Case Report.

This case report details the perioperative management of a 27-year-old male patient with AIDS and a rare giant retroperitoneal calcifying fibrous tumor. The tumor's surgical removal posed high risk due to its proximity to vital structures and the patient's human immunodeficiency virus infection. The report highlights the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in managing such complex cases.

Corrigendum to "Dynamic changes of platelets before and after surgery predict the prognosis of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage" [Heliyon Volume 10, Issue 18, September 30, 2024, Article e37706].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

A single-cell plume transcriptome atlas of the cold-seep tubeworm Paraescarpia echinospica.

Vestimentiferan tubeworms are representative species in deep-sea chemosynthetic ecosystems. Unlike most animals, these invertebrates lack mouths and digestive systems. Instead, their plumes function as the primary organ for direct metabolic exchange with the environment.

The influence of PPARγ mediated MAPK and NF-κB activation in AGEs stimulated apoptosis and autophagy in human chondrocytes.

Background: Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs), which accumulate in metabolic syndrome patients and the elderly, are implicated in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), a nuclear receptor, has emerged as a potential therapeutic target for OA. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms by which PPARγ regulates AGEs-induced apoptosis and autophagy in human chondrocytes.

Toward a greener healthcare: unveiling the carbon costs of dialysis in China and the path to sustainability.

Background: The healthcare sector plays a significant role in greenhouse gas emissions, hospitals contributed about 5.2% of the global carbon footprint, totaling 10.8 billion tons.

Construction of psychosocial adaptation model for hysterectomy patient: hermeneutical phenomenological research.

Objective: To deeply explore the psychosocial adaptation experience of hysterectomy patients at various stages, with the aim of constructing a conceptual model to describe the complex experience of psychosocial adaptation.

Methods: Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted on twelve patients undergoing hysterectomy using hermeneutical phenomenological methods, and the data were analyzed using the Smith analysis method.

Results: were refined into four stages and ten sub-themes: (1) Shock and Confusion Stage: shock and unwillingness, fear and anxiety; (2) Physical and Mental Dilemma Stage: surgical trauma, self-cognitive impact, and increasing dependence on social support; (3) Adjustment and Exploration Stage: correcting self-efficacy, self-cognitive reconstruction, and exploring social boundaries; (4) Integration and Adaptation Stage: returning to social roles and achieving closed-loop psychosocial adaptation.

Long-term outcomes of endovascular embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery as the first-line treatment for ruptured arteriovenous malformations: a propensity score-matched analysis using nationwide multicenter prospective registry data.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the risk-benefit profiles of endovascular embolization (EM) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as first-line therapeutic strategies for the management of ruptured arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).

Materials And Methods: We included patients with ruptured AVMs who underwent EM or SRS as the first-line treatments from a nationwide prospective multicenter registry (the MATCH study) in China. Propensity score matching was employed to balance baseline characteristics between the EM and SRS groups.

Blood Biomarker-Based Predictive Indicator for Liver Metastasis in Alpha-Fetoprotein-Producing Gastric Cancer and Multi-Omics Tumor Microenvironment Insights.

Alpha-fetoprotein-producing gastric cancer (AFPGC) is a rare but highly aggressive subtype of gastric cancer. Patients with AFPGC are at high risk of liver metastasis, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) is complex. A multicenter retrospective study is conducted from January 2011 to December 2021 and included 317 AFPGC patients.

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in pathogen detection of lung infections.

Background: Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been widely reported to provide crucial information for the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate mNGS in pathogens diagnosis of lung infections.

Methods: A total of 188 patients who were suspected of pulmonary infection and received medical treatment at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from August 2022 to December 2023 were enrolled in this study.

Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genomes of two sea cucumbers, Deima validum and Oneirophanta mutabilis (Holothuroidea, Synallactida, Deimatidae): Insight into deep-sea adaptive evolution of Deimatidae.

The deep-sea is the largest and most extensive ecosystem on our planet with limited food availability, extreme pressure reaching hundreds of bars, perpetual darkness, frigid temperatures, and minimal oxygen levels. Mitochondria plays a key role in energy metabolism and oxygen usage, thus it may undergo adaptive evolution in response to pressures from extreme harsh environments. In this study, we present the mitochondrial genome sequences of the sea cucumbers Deima validum and Oneirophanta mutabilis collected from the South China Sea.

Quantitative detection of serum biochemical indexes via UV-Vis-NIRS combined with deep neural networks.

To achieve rapid, cost-efficient, convenient and accurate detection of five clinical serum biochemical indexes, namely glucose (GLU), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), total protein (TP) and albumin (ALB), ultraviolet-visible-near infrared spectroscopy (UV-Vis-NIRS) technology combined with deep neural network (DNN) is firstly proposed in this study. The absorption spectra of 992 human serum are collected in 200-2500 nm. Different spectra preprocessing methods are studied and compared to eliminate interference, baseline offset, and highlight specificity information of biochemical indexes in the raw spectra.

Establishing a New Benchmark in Quantum Computational Advantage with 105-qubit Zuchongzhi 3.0 Processor.

In the relentless pursuit of quantum computational advantage, we present a significant advancement with the development of Zuchongzhi 3.0. This superconducting quantum computer prototype, comprising 105 qubits, achieves high operational fidelities, with single-qubit gates, two-qubit gates, and readout fidelity at 99.

Astragaloside IV suppression of chronic atrophic gastritis by upregulating PAR-1 and .

Background: Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) has demonstrated a protective effect against gastrointestinal tract injury induced by various factors. However, its potential mechanism against chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) remains unknown.

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to investigate the impact of AS-IV on CAG and elucidate its molecular mechanism.

Evolution and genetic adaptation of fishes to the deep sea.

The deep sea, especially hadal zones, characterized by high-hydrostatic pressure, low temperatures, and near-total darkness, present some of the most challenging environments for life on Earth. However, teleost fish have successfully colonized these extreme habitats through complex adaptations. We generated genome assemblies of 12 species, including 11 deep-sea fishes.

The amphipod genome reveals population dynamics and adaptations to hadal environment.

The amphipod Hirondellea gigas is a dominant species inhabiting the deepest part of the ocean (∼6,800-11,000 m), but little is known about its genetic adaptation and population dynamics. Here, we present a chromosome-level genome of H. gigas, characterized by a large genome size of 13.