Decoding Leishmania in Equines: A Comparative Analysis of Molecular Targets.

Parasitic diseases caused by Leishmania spp. create considerable health concerns in animals, resulting in a considerable financial impact. They causes a complex infection in equines, affecting weight gain, skin, liver, and spleen.

N-acetylcarnosine attenuates age-associated declines in multi-organ systems to improve survival.

Histidine containing dipeptides (HCDs) such as N-acetylcarnosine are endogenous metabolites that are ergogenic and mitigate metabolic dysfunction. We previously demonstrated that short-term N-acetylcarnosine treatment is highly efficacious in protecting muscle atrophy induced by disuse. Here we demonstrate that a 6-months treatment of N-acetylcarnosine attenuates a broad spectrum of age-associated maladies and improved survival by ∼50% in female mice.

L1CAM signaling through planar cell polarity generates SOX2 metastatic progenitors in lung adenocarcinoma.

Plasticity transitions during carcinoma progression generate fetal-like progenitor states with metastatic capacity. How these progenitors emerge and persist during tumor progression remains unknown. Here, we elucidate a process that drives the emergence of SOX2 metastatic progenitors in lung adenocarcinomas (LUAD).

Spleen Tyrosine Kinase Exacerbates Anti-Citrullinated Protein/Peptide Antibody-Mediated Osteoclast Bone Resorption via Promotion of Vav3 Phosphorylation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by abnormal bone resorption. Anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPAs), detected in most RA patients, can stimulate osteoclasts differentiation by targeting osteoclast precursors, thereby enhancing bone resorption. However, the underlying mechanism of ACPAs-induced osteoclast activation on bone resorption in RA remains unknown.

Association between neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio and rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study from US population, 1999-2018.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is linked to systemic inflammation and immune dysregulation. The neutrophil-percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), integrating neutrophil activity and nutritional status, may reflect inflammatory and immune responses. However, its association with RA remains unexplored.

Dissolvable microneedles based on active components of Chinese Herbal Medicine for enhanced treatment of skin diseases.

According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, around 900 million people globally are affected by various skin diseases, which cause significant physical and psychological distress and place a heavy economic burden on healthcare systems. The primary challenges in treating skin diseases include the limited transdermal drug absorption due to the skin barrier, the side effects associated with medications, and the recurring nature of these conditions that lead to prolonged patient suffering. Microneedles (MNs) have emerged as a promising transdermal drug delivery technology, able to painlessly penetrate the stratum corneum and deliver medications directly to the affected area.

Prenatal diagnosis and genetic counselling of a de-novo 11p13p11.2 duplication with normal phenotype.

Background: Proximal 11p duplication is often derived from a balanced translocation in a parent or inherited from a carrier (father or mother) with normal phenotype, and part of this duplication is a de-novo mutation. The main clinical manifestations in carriers are: mental retardation, eye abnormalities such as abnormal optic nerve morphology, strabismus, hyperopia, nystagmus, and facial abnormalities such as wide nose bridge and tapered fingers.

Materials And Methods: A woman underwent amniocentesis at 18 weeks of gestation because the additional report of noninvasive prenatal testing plus (NIPT-Plus) revealed 13-Mb duplication from 11p13 to 11p11.

A study of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy combined with exercise rehabilitation in postoperative patients with PCI for CHD.

Coronary heart disease (CHD) affects a large number of patients, and their survival period with the condition is relatively long. Cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) is an anti-myocardial ischemic therapy. This study aims to investigate the rehabilitative effects and underlying mechanisms of CSWT combined with exercise rehabilitation in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for CHD.

Fisetin Ameliorates Vascular Calcification by Regulating HNRNPA1-Mediated Ferroptosis.

Background: Fisetin has shown anti-inflammation, antioxidation, and antitumor effects, which could repress ferroptosis-related oxidative stress to attenuate the atherosclerotic progression. The current study aimed to further investigate the effect of fisetin on vascular calcification and its interaction with ferroptosis during the process.

Methods: Aortic smooth muscle cell (ASMC) was induced by high phosphate (HP) to mimic vascular calcification cellular model.

Molecular characterization of tick-borne bacterial and protozoan pathogens in parasitic ticks from Xinjiang, China.

Background: Ticks are a type of hematophagous parasite, serving as critical vectors of pathogens that cause numerous human and animal diseases. Climate change has driven the geographical expansion of tick populations and increased the global transmission risk of tick-borne diseases. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive data on tick species distribution and their associated pathogen profiles in Xinjiang, China.

2025 Chinese guideline for the imaging diagnosis and evaluation of Takayasu arteritis.

Background: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) presents as systemic vasculitis. Imaging is crucial for the diagnosis and evaluation of TAK, but the rational selection of imaging methods and interpretation of imaging results are major challenges in clinical practice, which can affect treatment decisions. This guideline aims to establish standardized protocols for selecting imaging modalities (as well as interpreting their findings) in TAK.

A Feasible Simplified Pulmonary Ultrasound Scoring System for Evaluating Interstitial Lung Disease.

Transthoracic lung ultrasound is becoming increasingly important in the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial lung disease. However, no standard examination has been developed for pulmonary ultrasound scanning. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of simplified transthoracic pulmonary ultrasound scoring through 6 intercostal spaces for the assessment of interstitial lung disease severity.

Cidofovir Treatment for Prevention of BK Virus-Associated Hemorrhagic Cystitis in Pediatric Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Objective: In this prospective observational study, we aim to investigate the role of cidofovir (CDV) as prophylactic treatment in preventing BK virus (BKV)-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Methods: This study enrolled 28 patients who received prophylactic treatment with CDV following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (Allo-HSCT) and 25 Allo-HSCT patients who received conventional supportive care, which included hydration and analgesics, from January 2020 to January 2022. Patients in the CDV prophylactic treatment group received intravenous injections of CDV at a dose of 1 mg/kg once a week for 4 weeks.

Association between dietary oxidative balance scores and myocardial infarction in diabetic patients: insights from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) poses a serious health threat to diabetic patients, who are particularly vulnerable due to heightened oxidative stress. The dietary oxidative balance score (DOBS) quantifies the overall oxidative profile of the diet and may reflect diet-related cardiovascular risk.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between DOBS and the risk of MI among diabetic individuals using a nationally representative U.

Ursolic acid induces apoptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells through the P53 signaling pathway: a network pharmacology and experimental validation study.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant neoplasm that is highly prevalent in East Asia and presents significant therapeutic challenges due to limited treatment options and severe adverse effects. Ursolic acid (UA) is a pentacyclic triterpenoid with anticancer activity in various tumors; however, its mechanism of action in NPC remains unclear. This study integrated network pharmacology with experimental validation to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the effect of UA against NPC.

Multimodality Imaging Assessment of Rosai-Dorfman Disease:A Case Report.

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Clinical implications of miR-195 in cancer: mechanisms, potential applications, and therapeutic strategies.

This review explores the dual role of miR-195 in cancer, acting as both a tumor suppressor and, in specific contexts, a tumor promoter. It highlights its molecular mechanisms, focusing on key signaling pathways such as Wnt-1/β-catenin, VEGF/VEGFR, and PI3K/AKT/mTOR, as well as its involvement in competitive gene regulation. The clinical potential of miR-195 in cancer screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy is examined, particularly its ability to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce recurrence risk when combined with chemotherapy or immunotherapy.

Pushing the frontiers of babesiosis research: in vitro culture and gene editing.

Babesiosis is a tick-borne parasitic disease that poses a significant risk to both animal and human health. A comprehensive understanding of Babesia biology necessitates the application of advanced laboratory techniques. This review explores recent advancements in gene editing technologies of Babesia, emphasizing the foundational importance of in vitro culture systems.

Mizoribine or Cyclophosphamide for Lupus Nephritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Lupus nephritis is typically treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide, which is associated with serious adverse effects. Oral mizoribine may be an alternative for induction therapy of lupus nephritis. However, large-scale, long-term, randomized clinical studies of mizoribine are lacking.

Molecular identification of a thioredoxin peroxidase in Babesia gibsoni with potential against oxidative stress.

Babesia gibsoni is the infectious agent of canine babesiosis, a vector-borne infection that poses a global threat to the canine health. As B. gibsoni is an erythrocytic intracellular parasite, the completion of its genome and transcriptome sequencing and analysis facilitates the elucidation of the mechanism of B.

Design and screening of novel molecular compounds targeting lactate dehydrogenase of Babesia microti.

Background: Human babesiosis is caused by several species within the Babesia genus, primarily Babesia microti, Babesia duncani, and Babesia divergens, all of which infect human red blood cells (RBCs). Clinically, the disease manifests with symptoms such as fever, anemia, jaundice, and hemoglobinuria, with B. microti being the most prevalent of these species.

Retraction notice to "Tfh cells potential dual role in cancer: A perspective" [ /19 2024 e37502].

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Homoharringtonine: mechanisms, clinical applications and research progress.

Homoharringtonine is a natural alkaloid with significant pharmacological potential that has demonstrated promising efficacy in the treatment of hematological malignancies in recent years. This article systematically reviews the pharmacological mechanisms of Homoharringtonine, focusing on its key roles in inducing apoptosis, inhibiting cell cycle progression, and reducing cell migration and invasion. Additionally, HHT exhibits multiple biological activities, including immunomodulation, antiviral effects, and anti-fibrotic properties, with recent studies also revealing its potential neuroprotective functions.

Typhoon localization detection algorithm based on TGE-YOLO.

To address the problems of complex cloud features in satellite cloud maps, inaccurate typhoon localization, and poor target detection accuracy, this paper proposes a new typhoon localization algorithm, named TGE-YOLO. It is based on the YOLOv8n model with excellent high-low feature fusion capability and innovatively achieves the organic combination of feature fusion, computational efficiency, and localization accuracy. Firstly, the TFAM_Concat module is creatively designed in the neck network, which comprehensively utilizes the detailed information of shallow features and the semantic information of deeper features, enhancing the fusion ability of features at each layer.