Co-treatment of ethylene and methyl jasmonate synergistically enhances postharvest marketability and quality of lemons by regulating phenolic metabolism and antioxidant capacity.

Lemon (Citrus limon), an important citrus fruit, suffers from slow postharvest ripening and rapid quality deterioration, including moisture loss and membrane lipid peroxidation. This study investigated the effects of ethylene (ETH) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) co-treatment on ripening and quality maintenance of green-mature lemons. ETH + MeJA accelerated peel degreening, improved marketability, and simultaneously suppressed the ETH-induced high respiration rate and weight loss, preserving soluble solids, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid.

Influences of Non-Volatile Components on the Aroma of Strong-Aroma Baijiu by Gas Chromatography-Olfactometry and Recombination-Omission Test.

Aroma is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of baijiu. In this study, we determined the aroma-active compounds in four representative brands of strong-aroma baijiu from Sichuan and Jianghuai regions through GC-MS/O, and GC-TOF-MS quantification. In addition, the non-volatile composition of four baijiu samples was quantified by BSTFA derivatization and GC-MS.

Flavoromic Exploration of Regional Variations, Consumer Preferences, and the Role of Volatile and Nonvolatile Compounds in Strong-Aroma Baijiu.

Regional strong-aroma baijiu was analyzed via SPME-GC-MS, derivatization-GC-MS, and GC-FID to explore the relationships among flavor characteristics, trace compounds, and consumer preferences. A total of 84 volatile compounds and 60 nonvolatile compounds were identified. The results showed significant differences in volatile compounds among samples from different regions.

Composite lemon/ginger essential oil emulsion based on pectin and sodium caseinate: Preparation, properties, and application in fresh-cut carrots preservation.

This research developed a composite pectin/sodium caseinate (PE/SC) emulsion system loaded with lemon/ginger essential oil (LEO/GEO), and examined its preservation properties in fresh-cut carrots. Results found that EO emulsion with 1:1 of PE/SC ratio, 1:1 of LEO/GEO ratio and 10 % EO phase had high stability. Moreover, the EO emulsion displayed strong antibacterial capacity on Staphylococcus aureus (up to 100 % inhibition tare), and the antioxidant capacity increased with the increase of GEO ratio and EO phase concentration.

Extraction and Activity Mechanism of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Peptides From Seabuckthorn Seed Meal.

Seabuckthorn seed meal (SSM) is a by-product of the oil extraction process from seabuckthorn seeds. Despite its high protein content, SSM remains largely underutilized. This study aimed to extract seabuckthorn seed meal protein peptides (SSPPs) with hypoglycemic activity and investigate their mechanism of action.

Combined treatment of heat shock and glycine betaine recovered chilling injury in banana fruit by reducing membrane damage.

This study evaluated the effects of hot air (HA), hot water (HW), glycine betaine (GB), and their combination (GB + HWT) on alleviating chilling injury (CI) in unripe and ripe bananas exposed to cold stress, with treatments applied pre-ripening to asses recovery during subsequent storage. Bananas were chilled at 7 °C for 2 h, transferred to 20 °C storage, and treated with ethephon on the 12th day to induce ripening. Analyses were conducted periodically until the 21st day of storage.

Differences in odor-active compounds and non-volatile precursors between spray-dried and freeze-dried Spirulina platensis revealed by GC×GC-TOFMS-O and UPLC-MS/MS.

The effects of freeze-drying and spray-drying on odorants and precursors in Spirulina platensis (Sp) cultivated in different environments (gj: glass jar; rp: raceway pond; cp: circular pond) were investigated. Ninety-four odorants were identified, and hexanal, (Z)-4-decenal, (E, E)-2,4-decadienal, β-cyclocitral, β-ionone, dimethyl trisulfide exhibited higher flavor dilution factors (≥ 81). Spray-drying increased pyrazines and terpenoids formation, enhancing roasted and seaweed-like odors, whereas freeze-drying retained higher levels of aldehydes and acids, causing fishy and rancid odors.

Effects of different drying methods on the drying kinetics and quality characteristics of Orah () slices.

This study evaluated the effects of microwave vacuum drying (MVD), microwave drying (MD), heat pump drying (HPD), hot air drying (HAD), and freeze drying (FD) on the drying kinetics, and changes of physicochemical properties and bioactive compound of Orah slices. In the analysis of the seven models examined, the Page model was found to be the most accurate in describing the changes in moisture content during the drying process. MD was significantly faster than HAD and HPD, reducing drying time by 95.

Psoriatic arthritis in psoriasis: optimizing the current screening system for psoriatic arthritis based on serum data from U.S. and Chinese populations.

Background: Psoriatic arthritis (PSA) is an inflammatory joint disease associated with psoriasis (PSO) that can be easily missed. Existing PSA screening tools ignore objective serologic indicators. The aim of this study was to develop a disease screening model and the Psoriatic Arthritis Inflammation Index (PSAII) based on serologic data to enhance the efficiency of PSA screening.

Effects of aging on the fine structure, chain conformation, and morphology of Chenpi polysaccharides.

The aging process endows Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) with unique value and efficacy. This study investigated the dynamic changes in the fine structure, chain conformation, and morphology of water-soluble polysaccharides from Chenpi over time. In the initial storage period of Chenpi (1 year), Chenpi polysaccharides (CP) exhibited a triple-helical structure, with chains entangled and aggregated into rough spherical conformations.

Effect of sodium alginate and egg white protein combinations on the functional properties and structures of chicken myofibrillar protein.

This research explored the influence of varying sodium alginate (SA) and egg white protein (EWP) ratios (1:2, 2:3, 1:1, 3:2, 2:1, v/v) on the structural and gel characteristics of chicken myofibrillar protein (MP) gels. The findings showed that containing SA and EWP significantly improved (P < 0.05) the water-holding capacity (up to 95.

The interaction between organic acids and green rust-Co(II): Mineralogical changes of green rust and redistribution of Co(II).

Green rust (GR), as a vital intermediate product during the formation of various iron oxides, exists with organic matters and metals contaminants in natural environments. Understanding the effects of these natural factors on the transformation process of GR into iron oxides and the environmental behaviors of heavy metals and organic matters during process are critical for environmental quality management, but the fundamental identification of the interaction mechanisms between them and GR is still challenging. In this study, the transformation mechanisms of Co-bearing green rust (GR-Co) synthesized by co-precipitation, and the redistribution behaviors of Co(II) in an environment containing oxalic acid (OA) and citric acid (CA) were clarified.

Effect of HO/ascorbic acid degradation and gradient ethanol precipitation on the physicochemical properties and biological activities of pectin polysaccharides from Satsuma Mandarin.

In this work, three degraded polysaccharides (DMPP-40, DMPP-60, DMPP-80) were successfully obtained by HO/ascorbic acid degradation and gradient ethanol precipitation from Satsuma mandarin peel pectin (MPP), and their physicochemical properties, antioxidant and prebiotic activities were investigated. The molecular weight of MPP, DMPP-40, DMPP-60, DMPP-80 were determined to be 336.83 ± 10.

Effect of different nitrogen source and strain on volatile sulfur compounds and their sensory effects in chardonnay wine.

Three commercial strains with low, medium, and high HS-producing capacity were chosen to investigate the effect of yeast assimilable nitrogen (YAN) levels and composition on volatile compounds in a chemically defined medium, specifically high, medium, and low initial YAN levels with varying proportions of DAP or sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine). The results revealed that the initial YAN containing a larger proportion of diammonium phosphate resulted in a higher YAN consumption rate during the early stages of fermentation. The yeast strain had a greater effect on the volatiles than the YAN level and composition.

Characterizing and decoding the key odor compounds of Spirulina platensis at different processing stages by sensomics.

Processing is an indispensable technology in the preparation of Spirulina platensis (S. platensis). The key odorants in liquids, muds, and powders from S.

Comparative Evaluation of Micellization and Cellular Uptake of -Carotene Affected by Flavonoids.

Based on digestion, micellar synthesis, and Caco-2 cell model, this study investigated the effects of typical flavonoids in citrus (naringenin, naringin, hesperetin, hesperidin, quercetin, and rutin) at different doses on the micellization and cellular uptake of -carotene. In digestion, low-dose flavonoids enhanced -carotene bioaccesssibility by regulating the stability and dispersibility of the intestinal medium, particularly quercetin, which significantly increased the bioaccessibility by 44.6% ( < 0.

Regulations of Citrus Pectin Oligosaccharide on Cholesterol Metabolism: Insights from Integrative Analysis of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites.

(1) Background: Recently, academic studies are demonstrating that the cholesterol-lowering effects of pectin oligosaccharides (POSs) are correlated to intestinal flora. However, the mechanisms of POS on cholesterol metabolisms are limited, and the observations of intestinal flora are lacking integrative analyses. (2) Aim and methods: To reveal the regulatory mechanisms of POS on cholesterol metabolism via an integrative analysis of the gut microbiota, the changes in gut microbiota structure and metabolite composition after POS addition were investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics through in vitro gut microbiota fermentation.

The effect of dual-frequency ultrasound on synergistic Sonochemical oxidation to degrade aflatoxin B.

This study investigated the degradation of aflatoxin B (AFB) in food by using dual-frequency ultrasound (DFUS) and the effects of sonochemical oxidation on the efficacy. It was found that the degradation of AFB by bath ultrasound (BU), probe ultrasound (PU), and DFUS were all consistent with first-order kinetics. The use of DFUS significantly increased the AFB degradation to 91.

Characterizing and decoding the key odor-active compounds in fresh, pasteurized, and high pressure processing sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) juice.

The non-thermal and thermal effects on aroma of sea buckthorn juice have rarely been investigated. In this study, 57 odor compounds were identified in fresh sea buckthorn juice (FSBJ), high pressure processing sea buckthorn juice (HSBJ), and pasteurized sea buckthorn juice (PSBJ), including 29 esters, 8 aldehydes, 1 ketone, 5 alcohols, 5 acids, 6 terpenoids, and 3 others. Ethyl 2-methylbutanoate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, and ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutanoate with flavor dilution factors ranging from 729 to 59,049 contributed to the fruity odors of FSBJ and HSBJ.

Purification and characterization of limonin D-ring lactone hydrolase from sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) seeds.

Background: Citrus products often suffer from delayed bitterness, which is generated from the conversion of non-bitter precursors (limonoate A-ring lactone, LARL) to limonin under the catalysis of limonin D-ring lactone hydrolase (LDLH). In this study, LDLH was isolated and purified from sweet orange seeds, and a rapid and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography method to quantify LARL was developed and applied to analyze the activity and enzymatic properties of purified LDLH.

Results: Purified LDLH (25.

Development of a Prediction Model and Corresponding Scoring Table for Postherpetic Neuralgia Using Six Machine Learning Algorithms: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), a complication of herpes zoster, significantly impacts the quality of life of affected patients. Research indicates that early intervention for pain can reduce the occurrence or severity of PHN. This study aims to develop a predictive model and scoring table to identify patients at risk of developing PHN following acute herpetic neuralgia, facilitating informed clinical decision-making.

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease in patients with plaque psoriasis: a case-control study and serological comparison.

Background: The relationship between plaque psoriasis and both MASLD and lean MASLD has not been sufficiently explored in the current literature.

Method: This retrospective and observational study was carried out from January 2021 to January 2023 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. Patients diagnosed with plaque psoriasis and a control group consisting of individuals undergoing routine physical examinations were enrolled.

Evaluation of the aroma and taste contributions of star anise (I. Verum hook. f.) in braised duck leg via flavor omics combined with multivariate statistics.

To promote the rationalized and standardized application of star anise in braised poultry products, the effects of different concentrations of star anise (0 %, 0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.

Acetylation of the polysaccharide from Houttuynia cordata rhizome and their α-glucosidase inhibition mechanism.

In this study, the polysaccharide (RHCP) extracted from Houttuynia cordata rhizome was acetylated through the acetic anhydride method. The physicochemical properties of RHCP and its acetylated derivatives (Ac-RHCP) were determined by infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and Congo red test. Meanwhile, the α-glucosidase inhibition mechanism of RHCP and Ac-RHCP was analyzed by inhibition kinetics, and circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy.