[Cross-organ effects of drug intervention: indirect pharmacology].

With the continuous advancement of medical research, it is increasingly recognized that the human body functions as a highly coordinated complex system, and the development of diseases often involves intricate interactions among multiple subsystems, including organs, tissues, and cells. Conventional pharmacological research, which primarily focuses on isolated subsystems, tends to emphasize direct interactions between drugs and the molecular targets in diseased organs. However, this approach often falls short in addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by complex diseases such as metabolic disorders, autoimmune diseases, cancers, and aging.

[Modified Sini Powder in treating mild to moderate generalized anxiety disorder in patients with syndrome of liver depression transforming into fire: a single-center, randomized, double-blind, dose-controlled trial].

A single-center, randomized, double-blind, dose-controlled trial of modified Sini Powder in treating mild to moderate generalized anxiety disorder(GAD) in the patients with syndrome of liver depression transforming into fire was conducted at Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. A total of 80 patients with mild to moderate GAD and the syndrome of liver depression transforming into fire were included. Patients were assigned by the central randomization system at a ratio of 3∶1 into an observation group(n=60, receiving a conventional-dose of granules of modified Sini Powder) and a control group(n=20, receiving low-dose granules with the active ingredients being 50% of that in observation group).

Host-Dependent Variation in Fitness and Microbiota Composition Across Strawberry Cultivars.

, commonly known as the two-spotted spider mite, is a highly adaptable and polyphagous arthropod in the family Tetranychidae, capable of feeding on over 1200 plant species, including strawberries ( Duch.). The fitness and microbiota of herbivorous arthropods can vary significantly across different plant species and cultivars.

Cysteine-Mediated Root Growth Promotion in Strawberry () Induced by -Overexpressing .

Strawberry () is a globally important economic crop valued for its nutritional and commercial significance. However, its growth is frequently challenged by various biotic and abiotic stresses. To enhance strawberry root development and resilience, we engineered a NJAU4742 strain to overexpress the gene, which encodes a plant cell-wall-loosening protein known to facilitate fungal penetration and colonization.

A bio-inspired screwed small-diameter vascular graft for endotheliazation and arterial regeneration.

The frequent failures of small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs) mainly result from thrombosis and insufficient endothelialization. Despite recent biochemical modification strategies aiming to enhance long-term patency, the challenges of suppressing thrombosis and promoting rapid endothelialization persist. We thus designed a biomimetic three-layer flexible vascular graft scaffold.

Huoxin Pill Ameliorates Atrial Fibrillation by Modulating Autonomic Nervous Balance and Electrical Conduction Heterogeneity: Insights From Systems Pharmacology and Experimental Validation.

Huoxin Pill (HXP), a traditional Chinese medicine for cardiovascular diseases, demonstrates clinically reported anti-atrial fibrillation (AF) effects, though its mechanisms remain unclear. To investigate these mechanisms, we established an acetylcholine-calcium chloride (ACh-CaCl)-induced AF model in rats divided into control, AF, HXP (HXP-L: 3.33; HXP-M: 10; HXP-H: 30 mg/kg) and verapamil (25 mg/kg) groups.

Multi-omics reveal the neuroprotective mechanisms of Xinshubao tablet against scopolamine-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice.

Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatments. Xinshubao tablet (XSB), a traditional Chinese medicine, contains several bioactive compounds with notable neuroprotective effects. Our previous studies have demonstrated that XSB can alleviate cognitive deficits in vascular dementia (VaD) models, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic candidate for AD.

[Mechanism of immediate administration of Angong Niuhuang Pills in intervention of traumatic brain injury based on metabolomics and transcriptomics].

This study integrates metabolomics and transcriptomics to explore the immediate effects of Angong Niuhuang Pills(ANP) in intervening traumatic brain injury(TBI) in rats. A TBI model was successfully established in rats using the optimized Feeney free-fall impact technique. Rats were randomly divided into sham operation(sham) group, model(Mod) group, positive drug(piracetam) group, ANP low-dose(ANP-L) group, and ANP high-dose(ANP-H) group according to a random number table.

A review of the status of sarcopenia in elderly hospitalized patients.

The prevalence of sarcopenia among hospitalized patients has shown a progressive increase across multiple regions in recent years. This review systematically examines the diagnostic criteria, current research trends, and therapeutic approaches for sarcopenia, aiming to enhance both clinical practitioners' and patients' comprehension of this condition. Furthermore, it seeks to facilitate the implementation of tailored and evidence-based treatment strategies for hospitalized sarcopenia patients, thereby optimizing patient care and safety outcomes.

Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Elastomer with High Luminescent and Mechanical Performances Enabled by Multiple Hydrogen Bonding.

Room-temperature phosphorescent elastomer is promising for flexible electronics. However, preparation of such elastomer with high luminescent and mechanical performances remains a challenge. In this study, a room-temperature phosphorescent (RTP) elastomer is prepared by incorporating ureides as luminophores into hard segments of polyurethane forming multiple hydrogen bonds.

The Quality Control Markers Study of Artificial Tiger Bone Powder Based on Peptidomic by NanoLC-HRMS and UHPLC-QQQ-MS.

Artificial tiger bone powder (ATBP) is an animal-derived traditional Chinese medicine for treating osteoporosis. The combination of NanoLC-HRMS and UHPLC-QQQ-MS was used to identify and quantify the quality control markers of ATBP. Peptidomics by NanoLC-HRMS was used to characterize the native peptides in ATBP and four individual bone extracts.

Guanxinning attenuates diabetic myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by targeting oral and modulating PTEN signaling.

Background: The incidence and severity of diabetic myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury (DMIRI) are increasing, highlighting the urgent need for effective prevention and treatment. Previous studies have revealed that specific oral microbiota () are closely involved in DMIRI, potentially serving as therapeutic targets. Guanxinning (GXN) has shown significant efficacy in treating diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Identifying the target, mechanism, and agonist of α-ketoglutaric acid in delaying mesenchymal stem cell senescence.

α-ketoglutaric acid (AKG), a tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolite central to aerobic metabolism and longevity, retains unresolved anti-aging protein targets. Here, we demonstrate that reduced isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) expression during senescence lowers AKG production, accelerating the aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Exogenous AKG or IDH1 overexpression restores AKG levels, enabling 2-oxoglutarate and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase domain-containing protein 1 (OGFOD1)-catalyzed hydroxylation of ribosomal protein S23 (RPS23) at proline 62.

Synergistic multi-target anti-inflammatory mechanisms of luteolin, chikusetsusaponin IVa and carabrone in Houyanqing formula.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Identifying the effective active ingredients in herbs, screening their targets, and elucidating their mechanisms of action may represent a crucial strategy for discovering new combination drugs. Houyanqing (HYQ) formula is a patented plant extract approved for marketing in China, which exhibits good anti-inflammatory effects in clinical practice. However, it is currently unclear which chemical components play the main anti-inflammatory role.

Above-ground xylem genes and below-ground soil carbon genes analyses provide molecular insights into experimental warming in Phoebe chekiangensis.

Phoebe chekiangensis C. B. Shang is an endemic and endangered species in China, and it is widely used for furniture, building materials and artwork due to its high-quality wood properties and high economic value.

Biomimetic Anti-Adhesion Silk@Extracellular Matrix Composite Patch for the Treatment of Abdominal Wall Defects.

Abdominal wall defects are predisposed to life-threatening complications. Biocompatible hernia patches are crucial for the effective repair and reconstruction of abdominal wall defects. However, conventional polymer-based hernia patches are prone to inducing inflammation and reaction to foreign body.

CRISPR-Cas9-mediated knockout of OsKCS11 in rice reveals potential crosstalk between very-long-chain fatty acids and cytokinin.

Very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) play crucial roles in various physiological processes in plants. Through our investigation using a CRISPR-Cas9 knockout mutant library in rice, we identified a semi-dwarf rice mutant named CRISPR-Cas-based dwarf-1 (csd-1). This mutant displayed multiple developmental defects, such as decreased plant height, panicle length, seed size, and seed-setting rate.

Endophytic fungal community composition and function response to strawberry genotype and disease resistance.

Background: Utilizating the plant endophytic microbiomes to enhance pathogen resistance in crop production is an emerging alternative method to chemical pesticides. However, research on the composition and role of microbial communities related to perennial fruit plants, such as the strawberry, is still limited.

Methods: We provide a comprehensive description of the composition and diversity of fungal communities in three niches (root, stem, and leaf) of three strawberry cultivars ('White Elves', 'Tokun', and 'Akihime') using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA amplicon sequencing and isolation culture methods.

Transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic studies on the anticoccidial activity of eugenol in broilers.

Coccidiosis, a protozoan disease caused by Eimeria parasites, significantly impacts the poultry industry. Traditional control methods involve the addition of anticoccidial drugs to feed, which has led to concerns over drug residues. Thus, the search for alternative treatments has become a research priority, with plant essential oils emerging as a promising option.

The involvement of mitochondria in erythrocyte pathology and diseases: from mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.

Erythrocytes, as the predominant cellular components within the bloodstream, are crucial for the maintenance of physiological health. Mitochondria, known as cellular powerhouses and metabolic regulators, play a critical role in the maturation of the erythroid lineage. The absence of mitochondria in red blood cells upon completing their maturation process is a defining characteristic of their development.

The rapid detection of human HLA-B*27 gene based on BASIC isothermal detection.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic, inflammatory arthritis of the spine and peripheral joints which is known to have a strong association with the human leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27). Quantitative real-time PCR and flow cytometry are the predominant methods for HLA-B27 gene and antigen, respectively, which are too time-consuming and labor-intensive to realize rapid analysis. Therefore, a rapid diagnostic tool is highly required.

The role of exosomes derived from various sources in facilitating the healing of chronic refractory wounds.

Chronic refractory wounds (CRWs) represent a common and challenging issue in clinical practice, including diabetic foot ulcers, pressure ulcers, venous ulcers, and arterial ulcers. These wounds significantly impact patients' quality of life and may lead to severe consequences such as amputation. Their treatment requires a comprehensive consideration of both the patient's overall physical condition and the local wound situation.

Cyclization Polymerization of Elemental Sulfur and Diisocyanate: New Polymerization Toward High-Performance Polymer.

The development of polymer materials heavily relies on new polymerization reactions. Herein, we report the discovery of cyclization polymerization of element sulfur (S) and aliphatic diisocyanate at room temperature with 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.

Diversity and Function of Strawberry Endophytic Bacterial Communities Associated with Host Genotype and Niche.

Strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) is the most widely cultivated small berries in the world. They are not only delicious, juicy, and nutritious, but also have important economic value. However, current research on endophytic bacteria related to strawberry is limited.

Xin-shu-bao tablets ameliorates ventricular remodeling against HFrEF via PPARγ/MFGE8 pathway based on MALDI-MSI and lipidomics.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xin-shu-bao tablets (XSB), a traditional Chinese medicine widely prescribed in China, have received approval for its role in enhancing cardiac function in coronary heart disease patients. Lipid metabolism plays a critical role in the onset and progression of ventricular remodeling in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the pharmacological mechanisms through which XSB influences lipid metabolism in the context of ventricular remodeling with HFrEF have yet to be elucidated.