Biochar and effective microorganisms promote Sesbania cannabina growth and soil quality in the coastal saline-alkali soil of the Yellow River Delta, China.

Soil salinization and nutrient deficiency have emerged as the major factors negatively impacting soil quality and primary productivity in the coastal saline-alkali soil of the Yellow River Delta. Biochar has been proposed as an efficient strategy for promoting plant growth and restoring degraded saline-alkali soil. However, knowledge is inadequate regarding the effects of adding Spartina alterniflora-derived biochar alone or in combination with effective microorganisms (EM) on the growth of Sesbania cannabina and soil quality in saline-alkali soil.

Synthesis of diosgenyl quaternary ammonium derivatives and their antitumor activity.

Giosgenin is a naturally steroidal saponin exhibiting a variety of biological activities including antitumor ones. A series of novel diosgenyl quaternary ammonium derivatives were designed and synthesized to develop potential anti-tumor agents in our research. All novel derivatives were characterized by H NMR, C NMR and HR-MS, and evaluated for their in vitro anti-proliferative activities using MTT assay.

Modulation of gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function during alleviation of antibiotic-associated diarrhea with Rhizoma Zingiber officinale (Ginger) extract.

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is typically mediated by antibiotic therapy, which has increased in prevalence in recent years. Previous studies have suggested that ginger, a common spice and herbal medicine, can modulate the composition of gut microbiota and is beneficial against gastrointestinal disease. This study investigates the therapeutic effects of fresh ginger extract on AAD in a rat model.

Transcriptome and gene expression analysis of (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) during developmental stages.

Background: Red palm weevil, Olivier, is one of the most destructive pests harming palm trees. However, genomic resources for are still lacking, limiting the ability to discover molecular and genetic means of pest control.

Methods: In this study, PacBio Iso-Seq and Illumina RNA-seq were used to generate transcriptome from three developmental stages of (pupa, 7th-instar larva, adult) to increase the understanding of the life cycle and molecular characteristics of the pest.

[Research progress on chemical compositions of Coptidis Rhizoma and pharmacological effects of berberine].

Coptidis Rhizoma was a commonly used antipyretic and dampening drug in clinic, which was first recorded in the Shennong's Herbal Classic of Materia Medica and which was listed as one of the highest grade herb in traditional Chinese medicine. Traditionally, Coptidis Rhizoma was used to treat dampness with distention and fullness, vomiting with acid regurgitation, acne, heartbum, etc. At present, a total of 133 chemical components have been isolated and identified from Coptidis Rhizoma, which can be divided into alkaloids(44 species), lignans(32 species), flavonoids(9 species), phenylpropionic acid and its derivatives(26 species) and other compounds(22 species) according to the differences in structure types.

Highly Efficient Amide Michael Addition and Its Use in the Preparation of Tunable Multicolor Photoluminescent Polymers.

The amide bond is one of the most pivotal functional groups in chemistry and biology. It is also the key component of proteins and widely present in synthetic materials. The majority of studies have focused on the formation of the amide group, but its postmodification has scarcely been investigated.

Self-healing hyaluronic acid hydrogels based on dynamic Schiff base linkages as biomaterials.

Natural hydrogels are widely investigated for biomedical applications because of their structures similar to extracellular matrix of native tissues, possessing excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, they are often susceptible to mechanical disruption. In this study, self-healing hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels are fabricated through a facile dynamic covalent Schiff base reaction.

Analysis of clinical trials of new drugs in China as of 2019.

The research and development (R&D) of new drugs indicates scientific progress and economic development. However, little is known regarding ongoing or recent clinical trials in China. We analyzed data from clinical trials published before December 31, 2019, and found that the annual registration numbers are increasing annually in the country.

Systematic Investigation of the Efficacy of Sinitang Decoction Against Ulcerative Colitis.

The aim of this study was to investigate the precise clinical use of Sinitang decoction (SNT) in ulcerative colitis (UC). Network pharmacology-based analysis of the drug components-targets-diseases-pathways was used to predict the possible clinical applications of SNT. Next, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to establish a rat model of UC, and the efficacy of SNT against UC was tested, followed by a proteomic analysis of the specific signatures regulated by SNT against UC.

Blackbody-Inspired Array Structural Polypyrrole-Sunflower Disc with Extremely High Light Absorption for Efficient Photothermal Evaporation.

The three-dimensional (3D) structural design of solar evaporators has been considered as one of the most promising approaches toward enhancing photothermal performance by improving light absorption and the available evaporation area. Herein, polypyrrole-decorated 3D array structural sunflower discs (PPy-SFD) were prepared for solar steam generation, thereby turning SFD biomass waste into valuable materials. The SFD can absorb a majority of the incident light because of numerous light reflections from each natural 3D array structural unit, and therefore behaves similar to a blackbody.

Policies and Problems of Modernizing Ethnomedicine in China: A Focus on the Yi and Dai Traditional Medicines of Yunnan Province.

Yunnan is a multiethnic province in southwest China, rich in Materia medica resources, and is popularly known as the kingdom of plants. Biomedicine and public health industry have been the industrial pillars of Yunnan since 2016, which is the important pharmaceutical industrial base for Dai and Yi medicine in China. This review of the Yunnan ethnic medicine industry describes some of the problems to be solved in the development of sustainable ethnomedicine in China.

Metabolite changes associated with earthworms (Eisenia fetida) graphene exposure revealed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging.

The increased production and environmental release of graphene nanoparticles has raised concerns about its environmental impact, but the effects of graphene on living organisms at the metabolic level remain unknown. In this study, we used matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI)-based untargeted metabolomics to investigate the metabolic response of juvenile earthworms (Eisenia fetida) to graphene exposure in soil tests for the first time. Our results reveal that graphene-exposure significantly disturbs earthworm metabolome, and graphene toxicity on earthworm shows non-concentration-dependent effect.

[Research progress on saponins in Panax notoginseng and their molecular mechanism of anti-cerebral ischemia].

Ischemic stroke is the most common form of stroke and one of the main diseases leading to death and disability in the world. Its pathological process is complex and changeable as a result of the interaction of multiple pathological links, such as oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation. Traditional Chinese medicine Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma is the dried roots and rhizomes of Panax notoginseng.

[Analysis of potential role of Chinese classic prescriptions in treatment of COVID-19 based on TCMATCOV platform].

With the global outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19), screening of effective drugs has became the emphasis of research today; furthermore, screening of Chinese classic prescriptions has became one of the directions for drug development. This study analyzed the application of classic prescriptions in the diagnosis and treatment schemes based on the Diagnosis and Treatment Schemes for Coronavirus Disease at the country, provincial and municipal levels, and further explored its disrobing effect on COVID-19 disease severe phase network, and selected representative prescriptions for core target screening and gene enrichment analysis, so as to reveal its mechanism of action. Among them, 13 prescriptions were found to be used for 10 times or more, including Maxing Shigan Tang, Yinqiao San, Shengjiang San, Dayuan Drink, Xuanbai Chengqi Decoction.

Global quantitative phosphoproteome reveals phosphorylation network of bovine lung tissue altered by Mycobacterium bovis.

Bovine tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis remains a major cause of economic loss in cattle industries worldwide. However, the pathogenic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Post-translation modifications (PTM) such as phosphorylation play a crucial role in pathogenesis.

Exploration of the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine by AI approach using unsupervised machine learning for cellular functional similarity of compounds in heterogeneous networks, XiaoErFuPi granules as an example.

'Polypharmacology' is usually used to describe the network-wide effect of a single compound, but traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a polypharmacological effect naturally based on the 'multi-components, multi-targets and multi-pathways' principle. It is a challenge to investigate the polypharmacology mechanism of TCM with multiple components. In this study, we used XiaoErFuPi (XEFP) granules as an example to describe an unsupervised learning strategy for polypharmacology research of TCM and to explore the mechanism of XEFP polypharmacology against multifactorial disease function dyspepsia (FD).

Changes of Anti-tuberculosis Herbs Formula During Past Three Decades in Contrast to Ancient Ones.

Objective: To investigate the evolution of herbal medicine in treating tuberculosis (TB) and encourage anti-TB drug discovery and development.

Methods: In this study, 477 ancient traditional Chinese medicine formulae were collected from the Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions and 172 modern Chinese medicine formulae (from 1986 to 2016) were collected by searching 4 databases: WanFang Data Knowledge Service Platform, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) and Chinese Bio-medical Literature and Retrieval System (SinoMed) in Chinese. We restricted the search to publications in Chinese.

[Textual research on traditional application of Moringa].

Moringa has a long history of edible and medicinal use in foreign countries, this paper collected and sorted out the traditional application of Moringa recorded in the ancient medical books and historical materials of countries and regions along the ancient Silk Road. According to preliminary research, the earliest record of Moringa in China can be traced back to The Bower Manuscript(volume Ⅱ)(about the 4 th-6 th century A.D.

Recycling application of waste long-root Eichhornia crassipes in the heavy metal removal using oxidized biochar derived as adsorbents.

An oxidized biochar was prepared using long-root Eichhornia crassipes through an aerobic/anaerobic hybrid calcination to recycle its waste plants after eutrophic treatments. The adsorption performances of the biochar were investigated and the results showed that the adsorption equilibrium could arrive in 30 min and the adsorption capacities for Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn at 30 °C were 0.57, 0.

Huangbai Liniment Accelerated Wound Healing by Activating Nrf2 Signaling in Diabetes.

As a serious complication of diabetes, nonhealing skin ulcer leads to high mortality and disability in diabetic patients. However, limited therapy is available in managing diabetic wounds. In this study, RNA-seq technology was used to systematically investigate the effect of Huangbai (HB) liniment, a traditional Chinese medicine, on the streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced diabetic wound.

Clinical significance of circulating tumor cells and metabolic signatures in lung cancer after surgical removal.

Background: Lung cancer (LC) remains the deadliest form of cancer globally. While surgery remains the optimal treatment strategy for individuals with early-stage LC, what the metabolic consequences are of such surgical intervention remains uncertain.

Methods: Negative enrichment-fluorescence in situ hybridization (NE-FISH) was used in an effort to detect circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pre- and post-surgery peripheral blood samples from 51 LC patients.

SMRT sequencing of the full-length transcriptome of the (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

Background: Red palm weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the most destructive insects for palm trees in the world. However, its genome resources are still in the blank stage, which limits the study of molecular and growth development analysis.

Methods: In this study, we used PacBio Iso-Seq and Illumina RNA-seq to first generate transcriptome from three developmental stages of (pupa, 7th larva, female and male) to increase our understanding of the life cycle and molecular characteristics of .

[TCMATCOV--a bioinformatics platform to predict efficacy of TCM against COVID-19].

There is urgent need to discover effective traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) for treating coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). The development of a bioinformatic tool is beneficial to predict the efficacy of TCM against COVID-19. Here we deve-loped a prediction platform TCMATCOV to predict the efficacy of the anti-coronavirus pneumonia effect of TCM, based on the interaction network imitating the disease network of COVID-19.

[Possible pharmaceutical effect and active components in different parts of Eucommia ulmoides based on network pharmacology].

The difference in pharmacological activities and active components between leaves, barks and flowers of Eucommia ulmoides(EU) are still unclear. However, clarifying the differences in pharmacological effects of different parts of EU is of great significance for the development of EU products, and their corresponding active components provide basis for quality control of different parts of EU. Based on the chemical compositions of different parts of EU, integrated strategy of target prediction and target analysis of the compounds was used to investigate the difference in the pharmacological effects of leaves, barks and followers.

[Textual research on "Gui" in Chinese classical prescriptions].

Through consulting the ancient herbs and medical books, combining with modern literature, this paper makes textual research on herbal medicine, and textual research on the name, origin, position and harvest and processing changes of the medicinal herbs in ancient classical prescriptions. According to research, Cinnamon medicinal materials were first listed in the Shennong's Herbal Classic, as the name of "Jungui" and "Mugui". Among them, Jungui has undergone the evolution of "Qungui-Jungui-Tonggui-Jungui".