The pharmacy graduate global competence evaluation scale (PGGCES): a nationwide study in China.

Background: Research on global competence (GC) among postgraduate pharmacy students remains limited, with most studies focusing on undergraduates or general student populations. To address this gap, this study investigates the GC of Chinese pharmacy graduate students using the OECD's 2018 PISA framework and established GC assessment tools. By analyzing personal attributes, family background, and academic environment, this study identifies key influencing factors and evaluates the effectiveness of current educational practices.

Nonmuscle-Mediated Effects of Botulinum Toxin A on Fat Graft Survival in Nude Mice: Timing-Dependent Graft Outcomes.

Background: Enhancing fat graft survival is a key goal in adipose regenerative medicine. Although botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) has shown potential benefits, its effects beyond muscle paralysis remain incompletely understood.

Objectives: The authors of this study aim to investigate the nonmuscle-mediated effects of BoNTA on fat graft survival and quality.

Using Fibularis Tertius Tendon for V-Shaped Double-Bundle Anatomic Anterior Talofibular Ligament Reconstruction.

Multiple autografts have been employed in reconstructing anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability. However, conventional techniques using peroneal tendons longus/brevis as graft sources carry inherent risks of donor site morbidity. This Technical Note describes using the fibularis tertius tendon for V-shaped double-bundle anatomic ATFL reconstruction in patients with chronic lateral ankle instability.

Recent advances in biosynthesis, regulation, and metabolic engineering of flavonoids.

Plants synthesize a diverse array of flavonoids that endow them with the ability to adapt to a wide range of natural environments. For humans, flavonoids have been used for centuries for their dietary health benefits and therapeutic applications. As a result, research into the biosynthesis, regulation, and metabolic engineering of flavonoids has received increasing attention.

Study on the origin traceability of Menthae Haplocalycis Herba in China based on multivariate data fusion combined with an artificial intelligence classification algorithm.

In this study, characteristics of Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (MHH) from different districts in China were analyzed by multidimensional data. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the analysis of non-volatile indicator components, and a Heracles NEO ultra-fast gas phase electronic nose (UF-GC-e-nose) was used for the analysis of volatiles. In addition, computer vision techniques were used to determine the color and texture characteristics of samples.

Predictive value of the combined triglyceride-glucose and frailty index for cardiovascular disease and stroke in two prospective cohorts.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a validated surrogate for insulin resistance, while frailty reflects cumulative physiological decline. The combined impact of TyG-Frailty Index (TyGFI) has not been adequately explored. This study aimed to investigate the association between TyGFI and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and stroke.

Quinoa-Peanut Relay Intercropping Promotes Peanut Productivity Through the Temporal Optimization of Soil Physicochemical Properties and Microbial Community Composition in Saline Soil.

Peanut productivity is severely restricted by soil salinization and associated nutrient deficiency in saline soil. The quinoa-peanut relay intercrop pattern (IP) is a promising planting system that utilizes the biological advantages of quinoa to improve soil ecological functions and productivity. However, the effects of IP on soil physicochemical and biological properties and the yield formation of the combined peanut crop are still unclear.

Self-activating and chromosomally colocalized LsERF166 positively regulates costunolide biosynthesis in lettuce.

Costunolide, an important natural product with a diverse array of bioactivities, serves as a key precursor in the biosynthesis of sesquiterpene lactones in Asteraceae species. While the biosynthetic pathway of costunolide has been elucidated, the regulatory network remains poorly understood. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa), which is abundant in sesquiterpene lactones, has been selected as a model system to investigate the transcriptional regulation of costunolide biosynthesis.

Multi-omics study reveals a light-dependent regulatory network of flavonoid biosynthesis in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.).

Although lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is known for its high flavonoid content, the regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis are yet to be fully investigated. A metabolic network profile was constructed based on metabolomic and transcriptomic datasets derived from five lettuce growth stages.

Plasma metabolic profiles in alcohol use disorder: diagnostic role of arginine and emotional implications of N6-acetyl-lysine and succinic acid.

Background: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) poses a significant global health burden, yet its metabolic underpinnings remain poorly understood. The negative affective states that emerge during withdrawal drive relapse to alcohol-seeking behavior, highlighting the need for precise diagnostic criteria.

Methods: This exploratory study utilized targeted plasma metabolomics combined with bioinformatics, machine learning, and correlation analysis to identify biomarkers associated with AUD.

Optimized tacrolimus dosing strategy in kidney transplant recipients receiving nirmatrelvir-ritonavir for COVID-19.

Kidney transplantation recipients (KTRs) represent a vulnerable population for COVID-19 infection and severe disease. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir has demonstrated efficacy in treating COVID-19 among KTRs, and interacts with tacrolimus leading to a precipitous increase in tacrolimus blood levels when co-administered, which may potentially result in toxicity. To explore a safe strategy for the combination of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and tacrolimus, we established a new administration strategy to restore tacrolimus after the discontinuation of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir and conducted a real-world retrospective observational cohort study to evaluate its clinical efficacy.

Combining transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyse the mechanism of allelopathy in Cyclachaena xanthiifolia.

As a vicious invasive plant, Cyclachaena xanthiifolia has caused severe ecological disruption and significant reductions in crop yield, necessitating urgent control measures. However, the underlying mechanisms of its allelopathic invasion remain unclear, representing the primary bottleneck in current management strategies. In this study, we used metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses to evaluate the differences in allelopathy and related physiological and biochemical indices among different extract fractions of C.

Intra- and Peritumoral Radiomics Based on Ultrasound Images for Preoperative Differentiation of Follicular Thyroid Adenoma, Carcinoma, and Follicular Tumor With Uncertain Malignant Potential.

Objective: Differentiating between follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), carcinoma (FTC), and follicular tumor with uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP) remains challenging due to their overlapping ultrasound characteristics. This retrospective study aimed to enhance preoperative diagnostic accuracy by utilizing intra- and peritumoral radiomics based on ultrasound images.

Methods: We collected post-thyroidectomy ultrasound images from 774 patients diagnosed with FTA (n = 429), FTC (n = 158), or FT-UMP (n = 187) between January 2018 and December 2023.

Nephropathy II Decoction Attenuates Renal Fibrosis via Regulating TLR4 and Gut Microbiota Along the Gut-Kidney Axis.

Nephropathy II Decoction (NED) is a widely used Chinese medicinal formulation for managing chronic kidney disease (CKD). Despite its extensive application, the precise mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects remain poorly understood. This study aims to elucidate the role of NED in attenuating renal fibrosis and to explore its impact on the gut-kidney axis.

Identification of key enzymes participated in the biosynthesis of a rare flavonol patuletin in the medicinal plant Echinacea angustifolia.

Echinacea species are widely recognized as medicinal herbs producing top-selling herbal supplements in the United States. Instead of the common flavonoids quercetin and kaempferol and their glycosides, a rutinoside of the rare flavonol patuletin has been identified as the predominant flavonoid in the E. angustifolia, an important resource plant for Echinacea.

Potential mechanism of inhibitory effect of "medicine food homology" curcumin and its analogue EF24 on oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of head and neck with high incidence and poor prognosis. Curcumin, as a drug-food congener, has a broad spectrum of anticancer effects, and based on this property, we further focused on EF24, a small molecule compound using curcumin as a backbone, to study the effects of both in OSCC.

Methods: Cell experiments were performed to test the inhibitory effect of curcumin and EF24 on OSCC cells.

Comparative Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Key Pathways in Response to Cold Stress at the Germination Stage of Quinoa ( Willd.) Seeds.

Quinoa ( Willd.) has been widely grown as a cash crop. However, the molecular mechanism by which it responds to cold stress at the seed germination stage is still largely unknown.

Comparative Assessment of Extraction Efficiency and Physical Stability of Rapeseed Oleosome-Protein Mixtures via Centrifugation Versus Cheesecloth Filtration.

Oleosomes, naturally occurring plant-based oil droplets, have gained prominence as versatile emulsifying agents when combined with proteins in food applications. However, the extraction efficiency and physical stability of oleosome and protein mixture extracted from rapeseeds can be affected by the extraction method. Thus, this study compares the centrifugation and cheesecloth filtration methods on the composition, yield, the physico-chemical properties, and the storage stability of oleosome-protein mixtures.

Dupilumab for Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Primary Nasal Polyps: a Case Report and Literature Review.

Purpose: To report the efficacy of a case of IL-4 receptor subunit (IL-4Rα) monoclonal antibody (dupilumab) in treating primary chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) refractory repeated short-term oral corticosteroids.

Patients And Methods: The clinical efficacy, subjective and objective scores, and adverse events before and after dupilumab treatment were evaluated to determine the effect of dupilumab on CRSwNP.

Results: The patient's Lund‒Mackay score on sinus Computed Tomography (CT) at the first visit was 21.

Rapid evaluation of Curcuma origin and quality based on E-eye, flash GC e-nose, and FT-NIR combined with machine learning technologies.

Curcuma, a key ingredient in curry and a popular health supplement, has been subject to adulteration and fraudulent origin labeling. In this study, E-eye, Flash GC e-nose, and FT-NIR, combined with machine learning and multivariate algorithms, were employed for origin identification and quantitative prediction of curcuma constituents. The results indicated that E-eye performed poorly in origin classification, while Flash GC e-nose identified flavor markers distinguishing curcuma from different origins but lacked precise quantification.

Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate prevented the liver injury of acetaminophen by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis.

Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol, APAP) is the most widely used antipyretic and anti-inflammatory drug in the world. It is reported that APAP-induced liver damage accounts for about half of all liver failure patients in Europe and the United States. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MI) is the fourth-generation glycyrrhizic acid preparation developed in China.

Evaluating the influence MRSA Co-infection on 28-day mortality among sepsis patients: insights from the MIMIC-IV database.

Background: Sepsis remains a leading cause of mortality in intensive care units (ICUs), with methicillin-resistant (MRSA) infections presenting significant treatment challenges. The impact of MRSA co-infection on sepsis outcomes necessitates further exploration.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study using the Medical Information Mart for Critical Care IV (MIMIC-IV-2.

UDP-glucosyltransferases from UGT73 family catalyze 3-O-glucosylation of isosteroidal and steroidal alkaloids in Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis.

Fritillaria unibracteata var. wabuensis is an important resource plant for the famous traditional Chinese medicine Fritillariae cirrhosae bulbus ("Chuanbeimu" in Chinese). F.