Discovery and optimization of OA amide derivatives containing a trisubstituted l-hydroxyproline fragment as novel Omicron fusion inhibitors.

Omicron and its variant viruses are responsible for serious contagious respiratory illnesses in humans and bringing about global epidemics. Previously, we identified a 3-O-β-chacotriosyl OA saponin derivative H-1, which displayed broad-spectrum potency against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants tested by targeting the S-mediated entry process. This paper reports the structure optimization of H-1 based on a scaffold-hopping strategy, which resulted in the identification of OA amide derivatives featuring a N, O-disubstituted butterfly-shaped l-hydroxyproline scaffold at the C-3 position of OA with more potent inhibitory activity against Omicron entry.

Single extracellular vesicle imaging via rolling circle amplification-expansion microscopy.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from biological fluids can provide critical information for minimally invasive diagnostics and treatment monitoring, but their nanoscale size, low biomarker abundance, and heterogeneity pose challenges. Here, we integrate rolling circle amplification with expansion microscopy (RCA-ExM) to achieve super-resolution multi-omics profiling of single EVs using conventional fluorescence microscopy. Sensitive multimodal biomarker detection is achieved by employing RCA to detect switch hairpin probe-labeled EV membrane proteins, and EV-liposome fusion to detect EV miRNAs via delivery of specific molecular beacons and a signal-amplifying enzyme circuit.

Effectiveness of self-management intervention program based on Self-Determination Theory and Solution-Focused Approach in adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China has been continuously increasing, with adolescents constituting the peak age group for onset. Effective self-management behaviors are critical for achieving disease remission and facilitating the transition of adolescents with IBD from childhood to adulthood. However, unmet basic psychological needs frequently erode motivation for self-management, resulting in suboptimal self-care practices.

Magnetic Genetically Engineered Cells Constructed via Microfluidic Squeezing for Highly Efficient Capture of Circulating Tumor Cells.

Circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection is crucial for early cancer diagnosis and real-time metastasis monitoring. Conventional immunomagnetic nanomaterials (IMNs) used for CTC enrichment face limitations such as low purity and inefficiency. Although cell membrane-coated IMNs have been explored to reduce nonspecific leukocyte binding, challenges persist, including high membrane consumption, low encapsulation efficiency, and unpredictable membrane orientation.

Prediction of Gastric Residual Volume by Ultrasonography in Critically Ill Children Undergoing Enteral Nutrition.

Bedside ultrasonography is capable of evaluating gastric residual volume (GRV) and facilitating the identification of feeding intolerance (FI) among critically ill pediatric patients; however, a specialized predictive model tailored to this demographic has yet to be established. This study aims to develop a predictive model for the estimation of GRV using ultrasonography in this specific patient group. This prospective observational study included critically ill pediatric patients receiving enteral nutrition (EN).

Safety and clinical efficacy of early enteral nutrition in children with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A retrospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: The benefits of enteral nutrition (EN) in pediatric patients undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) are increasingly recognized; however, data on the safety and clinical effectiveness of early EN initiation in this population remain limited. We aimed to assess whether early EN would increase the incidence of feeding intolerance and ECMO-related complications, and improve clinical outcomes in pediatric ECMO patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of clinical data from 45 pediatric patients who underwent ECMO for more than 48 h between January 2018 and October 2024.

Improvement in renal function after switching from entecavir to tenofovir alafenamide in chronic hepatitis B patients with low estimated glomerular filtration rates.

Introduction And Objectives: Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and entecavir (ETV) are both considered renal-friendly nucleoside/nucleotide analogs (NAs). However, the difference between ETV and TAF in terms of renal function remains unclear. This study aims to compare the renal safety profiles of two antiviral medications directly and evaluate the impact of switching from ETV to TAF treatment on renal function in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with low estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR).

Genomic locus of lncRNA-Gm26793 forms an inter-chromosomal interaction with Cubn to ensure proper stem cell differentiation in vitro and in vivo.

Inter-chromosomal interactions play a crucial role in 3D genome organization, yet the organizational principles and functional significances remain elusive. In general, lncRNA loci and transcripts are frequently associated with transcriptional programs modulated by long-range chromatin interactions. Here, we identified a novel lncRNA named Gm26793, which is abundantly distributed in the primitive streak and mesodermal cells of embryonic day 7.

In the era of targeted therapy and immunotherapy: advances in the treatment of large B-cell lymphoma of immune-privileged sites.

Primary large B-cell lymphomas of immune-privileged sites (IP-LBCLs) include primary central nervous system large B-cell lymphoma (PCNSL), primary vitreoretinal large B-cell lymphoma (PVRL), and primary testicular large B-cell lymphoma (PTL). These tumors not only have a unique anatomical distribution but also exhibit specific biological and clinical characteristics. Given the high biological overlap between intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) and IP-LBCLs, and the fact that IVLBCL is confined to the intravascular microenvironment, IVLBCL is currently included in the category of IP-LBCLs.

Study on Experimental Parameters of Alkali-Assisted Extraction of Aluminum from Fly Ash.

Extracting aluminum from FA is an effective way to improve its utilization rate. Since aluminum oxide is found in high polymerization degree, inert substances such as mullite and sodium aluminosilicate make the reaction process difficult because of their stable chemical properties; within these highly polymerized matrices, the chemical stability of alumina typically persists across a broad temperature range from 1000 °C to over 1600 °C. To address the issue of stable mullite structure that hinders aluminum extraction, a combined acid-base method using sodium carbonate as an activating agent and hydrochloric acid at a temperature of 100 °C as a leaching agent is employed.

The effects of disorder in superconducting materials on qubit coherence.

Introducing disorder in the superconducting materials has been considered promising to enhance the electromagnetic impedance and realize noise-resilient superconducting qubits. Despite a number of pioneering implementations, the understanding of the correlation between the material disorder and the qubit coherence is still developing. Here, we demonstrate a systematic characterization of fluxonium qubits with the superinductors made by spinodal titanium-aluminum-nitride with varied disorder.

HBx induces chemoresistance in diffuse large B cell lymphoma by inhibiting intrinsic apoptosis via the NF-κB/XIAP pathway.

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the predominant subtype of malignant lymphoma in adults with high heterogeneity. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been shown to infect B lymphocytes and has been associated with a higher risk of developing DLBCL, most clearly in countries where HBV is endemic. Accumulating evidence suggests that the standard chemotherapy regimens for DLBCL patients with HBV infection exhibit limited efficacy and unfavorable outcomes.

Alterations in static and dynamic functional network connectivity in chronic low back pain: a resting-state network functional connectivity and machine learning study.

Low back pain (LBP) is a prevalent pain condition whose persistence can lead to changes in the brain regions responsible for sensory, cognitive, attentional, and emotional processing. Previous neuroimaging studies have identified various structural and functional abnormalities in patients with LBP; however, how the static and dynamic large-scale functional network connectivity (FNC) of the brain is affected in these patients remains unclear. Forty-one patients with chronic low back pain (cLBP) and 42 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning.

Rapid evaluation of Curcuma origin and quality based on E-eye, flash GC e-nose, and FT-NIR combined with machine learning technologies.

Curcuma, a key ingredient in curry and a popular health supplement, has been subject to adulteration and fraudulent origin labeling. In this study, E-eye, Flash GC e-nose, and FT-NIR, combined with machine learning and multivariate algorithms, were employed for origin identification and quantitative prediction of curcuma constituents. The results indicated that E-eye performed poorly in origin classification, while Flash GC e-nose identified flavor markers distinguishing curcuma from different origins but lacked precise quantification.

Latent class analysis identifies distinct pain phenotypes in newly diagnosed systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis.

Background: Patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA) exhibit highly heterogeneous pain manifestations, which significantly impact their quality of life and disease prognosis. An understanding of the pain phenotypes for this disorder and their influencing factors is crucial for individualized pain management.

Objective: To explore the pain phenotypes of newly diagnosed sJIA patients via latent class analysis (LCA), analyse the influencing factors of these phenotypes, and evaluate the impacts of different pain phenotypes on short-term inpatient outcomes.

Reconsideration of simultaneous bulk doping and interface structures modification of high-voltage spinel LiNiMnO cathode materials using elemental iodine.

The insufficient structural stability of high-voltage spinel cobalt-free LiNiMnO (LNMO) throughout the cycling process hinders its widespread application. To address these issues, we incorporate elemental iodine into LNMO during the precursor preparation process using an ethanol-assisted hydrothermal method and successfully modify the bulk and interface coating structure of LNMO-3% I. The incorporation of iodine not only induces the formation of a cavity and fast lithium-ion transfer pathway within the particles but also facilitates the development of a thin LiI coating layer on the surface of cathode materials.

Soil depth exerts greater effect on bacterial community than spatial structure in Longmenshan fault zone.

Unlabelled: The diversity patterns and drivers of soil microbial communities across spatial distances have been extensively investigated over the recent years. However, whether microbial communities in surface and subsurface soils showed an identical spatial distribution pattern at a small regional scale has not been fully confirmed. For this, we investigated the linkage between soil water content (SWC), pH as well as nutrient contents and soil bacterial diversity and communities in different soil layers in the Longmenshan fault zone in Sichuan Province, China.

Remote ischaemic pre-conditioning, kidney injury, and outcomes after coronary angiography and intervention: a randomized trial.

Background And Aims: Remote ischaemic pre-conditioning (RIPC) delivered shortly prior to an angiographic procedure may reduce contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI). Whether a longer interval between RIPC and contrast administration also reduces CA-AKI and post-procedural complications after coronary angiography (CAG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is unknown.

Methods: This was a multicentre, randomized trial of patients at risk of CA-AKI undergoing elective CAG or PCI comparing delayed RIPC (four cycles of 5 min inflations on one upper arm 24 h before the procedure) with sham RIPC.

LINC00461 SNPs rs933647 and rs201864123 modify the risk of adenoid hypertrophy susceptibility for children in South China.

Background: Adenoidal hypertrophy (AH) is commonly observed in childhood and closely linked to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Despite the high prevalence of AH, its pathophysiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. We attempt to explore this issue from a genetic perspective.

Mitochondrial Amount Determines Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Cardiomyocytes.

Doxorubicin, an anthracycline commonly used for treating cancer patients, is known for its cardiotoxic side-effects. Although dose-dependent, but susceptibility remains variable among patients, and childhood-exposure-adult-onset remains challenging. Besides topoisomerase toxicity, Doxorubicin is also toxic to the mitochondria yet the underlying late onset mechanism remains elusive.

Characteristics and associations between sexting and high-risk sexual behaviors among college students in Jiangxi Province, China.

Background To explore the characteristics, influencing factors, and associations between sexting and high-risk sexual behaviors among college students in Jiangxi Province, China, providing a basis for promoting sexual health education and preventing high-risk sexual behaviors among college students. Methods A convenient sampling method was used to conduct an anonymous survey on 13,976 students from 15 universities in Jiangxi Province from November to December 2023. Chi-squared tests and binary logistic regression analyses were employed to investigate the influencing factors and associations between sexting and high-risk sexual behaviors.

A temporal-spatial feature fusion network for emotion recognition with individual differences reduction.

Purpose: In the context of EEG-based emotion recognition tasks, a conventional strategy involves the extraction of spatial and temporal features, subsequently fused for emotion prediction. However, due to the pronounced individual variability in EEG and the constrained performance of conventional time-series models, cross-subject experiments often yield suboptimal results. To address this limitation, we propose a novel network named Time-Space Emotion Network (TSEN), which capitalizes on the fusion of spatiotemporal information for emotion recognition.

Sacubitril/Valsartan for Blood Pressure Lowering in Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 3-5 Patients With Hypertension: A Multicenter Clinical Study.

To assess the effectiveness and safety of Sacubitril/Valsartan in reducing blood pressure in individuals with non-dialysis-dependent chronic kidney disease (NDD-CKD) Stage 3-5 complicated by hypertension. This study was a multicenter retrospective analysis conducted from March 1, 2022 to March 31, 2024, involving adult patients with NDD-CKD Stage 3-5 and hypertension, who received Sacubitril/Valsartan either as a monotherapy or in addition to current antihypertensive treatments that were insufficient. The main outcomes measured were blood pressure control, changes in blood pressure and laboratory parameters within 8 weeks post-treatment initiation, and incidence of adverse events.

Dry-Solid-Electrochemical Synthesis: A General Method for Large Scale Synthesis of Single-Atom Catalysts with High Metal loadings.

Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with high metal loadings are highly desirable but still challenging for large scale synthesis. Here we report a new technique named as dry-solid-electrochemical synthesis (DSES) for a general large-scale synthesis of SACs with high metal loadings in an energy-conservation and environment-friendly way. With it, a series of pure carbon-supported metal SACs (Platinum up to 35.