Esketamine alleviates depressive-like behavior in mice via modulation of the microbiota-gut-brain axis and amino acid metabolism.

Background: The microbiota‒gut‒brain axis is increasingly recognized as a critical pathway in the pathogenesis of depression and the response to antidepressant treatments. Esketamine(S-Ket), a noncompetitive glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, has shown a rapid and long-lasting antidepressant effects. However, the precise mechanisms underlying the antidepressant actions of S-Ket remain unclear.

Effectiveness of collateral status on clinical outcomes in patients with established large infarct: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The specific association of collateral status on outcomes in patients with large ischemic stroke (ASPECTS ≤ 5) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between collateral status and outcomes in patients who received endovascular therapy (EVT) and assess whether collateral status modifies the effectiveness of bridging intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) before EVT.

Materials And Methods: This subanalysis of a prospective cohort study enrolled patients with large vessel occlusion and ASPECTS 0-5 from 38 stroke centers across China between November 2021 and February 2023.

TGF-β1 Promotes Angiogenesis via Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Infantile Hemangioma.

Background: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign tumor in infancy and severely affects aesthetics and function. Hemangioma-derived endothelial cells (HemECs) are the main cellular component of IH and contribute to angiogenesis in IH. TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1) can induce endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT).

Longitudinal relation between childhood maltreatment and problematic internet game use among Chinese early adolescents: The roles of internalizing symptoms and FKBP5 gene variation.

Background: Research has demonstrated that childhood maltreatment is a significant predictor of problematic internet game use in adolescents. However, the underlying mechanisms of this relation, particularly the mediating processes and gene-environment interactions (G × E), remain insufficiently understood. This study employed a multi-informant, longitudinal design within a G × E framework to examine the mediating role of internalizing symptoms in the relation between childhood maltreatment and problematic internet game use.

DB75 targets PRMT1 to suppress liver metastasis and synergizes with PD-L1 blockade for enhanced therapeutic efficacy.

Liver metastasis represents a major clinical challenge, primarily attributed to its unfavorable prognosis and scarce therapeutic alternatives. This study investigated protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) and its highly selective inhibitor furamidine (DB75), exploring their roles in liver metastasis and their potential for combination therapy with anti-programmed death-ligand 1 monoclonal antibody (anti-PD-L1 mAb). PRMT1 regulates malignant phenotypes of tumour cells through asymmetric dimethylation of arginine residues in various cancers.

Comparison of Infantile Hemangiomas in Male and Female Infants: A Prospective Study.

Infantile hemangioma (IH) predominantly occurs in females, yet few studies have compared the clinical characteristics of IH between girls and boys. This study compared the clinical characteristics of females and males with IH. This prospective study included 1016 patients with IHs for whom complete clinical data were available.

Targeting DNA Damage Response-Mediated Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: From Mechanistic Insights to Drug Development.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major contributor to cancer-related deaths worldwide, with therapeutic resistance presenting a critical clinical hurdle. The DNA damage response (DDR) constitutes a sophisticated cellular framework that detects, signals, and repairs genetic lesions to preserve genomic stability. While the DDR plays a crucial role in determining the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, current research primarily focuses on direct DDR inhibitors, often overlooking the broader regulatory networks that modulate DDR activity.

Palladium/Norbornene-Catalyzed C-H/C-H [3 + 2] Annulation of Imidazopyridines with 2-Halobenzoic Acids via Six-Membered Palladacycles.

Herein we report an unprecedented palladium/norbornene-catalyzed C-H/C-H [3 + 2] annulation of imidazopyridines with 2-bromobenzoic acids, efficiently constructing ring-fused imidazo[1,2-]pyridine architectures with excellent functional tolerance. The resulting polycyclic (hetero)aromatic products demonstrate promising potential as fluorescent molecular scaffolds. Mechanistic studies identify the formation of a six-membered C-ANP intermediate in this domino conversion, which represents a distinct departure from classical five-membered palladacycles in Catellani-type reactions.

An Ethylene-Response Factor LlERF092 Coordinates With LlETO1 to Improve Thermotolerance by Activating LlMBF1c in Lily.

Multiprotein bridging factor 1c (MBF1c) has been shown to play a critical role in plant responses to heat stress. Previous studies have implicated MBF1c roles in ethylene-mediated thermotolerance; however, the upstream regulatory mechanisms linking MBF1c to this process remain unclear. In this study, an ethylene-response factor (ERF), LlERF092, was identified as a potential regulator of LlMBF1c through a yeast one-hybrid screening assay.

Developmental cascades linking executive functions with internalizing and externalizing problems in early childhood through early adolescence.

Background: Difficulties in executive functions (EFs) and internalizing and externalizing problems are prospectively related. However, it remains unclear whether the bidirectional relations between specific EF components and internalizing and externalizing problems at the within-person level vary across developmental stages in childhood and early adolescence.

Methods: This study utilized data from seven waves of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-2011 (ECLS-K: 2011), following a nationally representative sample of 15,055 children (mean age at baseline = 5.

Microbial genomic database of the Yangtze River, the third-longest river on Earth.

Microbes play an important role in mediating the nutrient cycling in the river ecosystem as a hotspot for biogeochemical processes. Due to scattered sampling efforts, however, there is a lack of a systematic study of the diversity of prokaryotic genomes in the Yangtze River, the third longest river on Earth. Here, we collected 602 metagenomic datasets of water, sediment and riparian soil samples spanning the Upper, Middle, and Lower basins of the Yangtze River over a 6,300 km continuum.

Stelleroids A-C, Three Rearranged Guaiane Sesquiterpenoids with Caged Ring Systems from .

Three highly modified sesquiterpenoids, stelleroids A-C (-, respectively), were isolated from the roots of . Biosynthetically, these molecules are derived from the 5/7-fused bicyclic guaiane, involving a series of skeletal rearrangements, leading to the formation of an adamantane-like 12-oxa-tetracyclo[6.2.

Peer victimization and internalizing and externalizing problems among early adolescents: The longitudinal between × within moderation role of the FKBP5 gene.

Although many studies have demonstrated associations between peer victimization and internalizing and externalizing problems that may be moderated by genes, it remains unclear whether these links also apply to the within-person level. The present study investigated within-person associations between peer victimization and internalizing and externalizing problems, as well as the moderating effect of between-person differences in the FKBP5 gene. A total of 915 Chinese youth (43.

Single cell analysis of pan-cancer tumor microenvironment in immunotherapy.

The high heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment (TME) is a key factor affecting immunotherapy. We integrated immunotherapy related scRNA-seq and bulk datasets to analyze the TME, mine key factors and dissect the mechanism in immunotherapy. Analyzing the cell composition of TME in cancer immunotherapy, we revealed key TME cell types, including B cells, CD8+ T cells and fibroblasts.

Cytoskeletal-related genes function as checkpoints for the maintenance of VSMC contractile phenotype and prevent pathological remodeling in arterial diseases.

Introduction: Arterial pathological remodeling, central to arterial diseases including atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysms, is characterized by vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic switching with concomitant loss of contractile markers. Uncovering the molecular changes initiating phenotypic transition may advance the understanding of vascular pathogenesis and provide new therapeutic strategies.

Objectives: To construct a cross-species integrative model of VSMC transition in arterial diseases including atherosclerosis and aortic aneurysm, identify key genes regulating phenotypic switching in the trajectory from contractile to other phenotypes, and further validate their function in arterial remodeling models.

A smart composite film derived from high amylose tigernut starch: Integrating antimicrobial and pH-indicating properties for beef preservation applications.

For consumers and the food industry, monitoring food freshness poses significant challenges. This study successfully developed a smart composite film (PDTS-CEO-Cur) based on high amylose tigernut starch (TNS) to extend beef shelf-life and enable freshness monitoring. After 4 h of debranching TNS with pullulanase, the amylose content reached 48.

Identification and functional study of a novel FOXC1 missense mutation in a Chinese family with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome.

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS) is an uncommon manifestation of anterior segment development dysregulation. We recruited a two-generation Chinese family with hereditary ARS, which manifested as posterior embryotoxon, corneal leucoplakia, ectopic pupil, and extensive iris stromal atrophy with iridocorneal adhesion. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was utilized for the initial screening, followed by Sanger sequencing to identify pathogenic gene mutations.

Discovery of CYP1A1 Inhibitors for Host-Directed Therapy against Sepsis.

Bacterial sepsis remains a leading cause of death globally, exacerbated by the rise of multidrug resistance (MDR). Host-directed therapy (HDT) has emerged as a promising nonantibiotic approach to combat infections; thus, multiple HDT targets have been identified. However, the translation of HDT targets into therapeutic drugs, particularly small-molecule drugs, remains rare.

Evidence-Based Nursing Competence in Pediatrics: A Cross-Sectional Examination of Current Practices and Influencing Factors.

Background: It is necessary to explore the current status and determinants of evidence-based nursing (EBN) competencies among pediatric nurses, thereby offering valuable insights for clinical practice and patient care.

Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pediatric nurses employed at a pediatric hospital in May 2024. Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise linear regression were used to ascertain the predictors of EBN competencies.

Single cell RNA-sequencing identified CCR7+/RELB+/IRF1+ T cell responding for juvenile idiopathic arthritis pathogenesis.

Background: To further explore the disease heterogeneity of different subtypes of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and analyze their pathogenesis mechanisms.

Method: The single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was carried out to investigate the disease heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms of immune responses in immune cells in JIA.

Result: In our study, we provided a immunological landscape of HLA-B27-positive JIA and HLA-B27-negative JIA immune cells at single cell RNA-Seq resolution.

The effect of social suspicion on social media addiction among Chinese college students: A moderated mediation model.

Objective: This study investigates the impact of social suspicion on social media addiction among Chinese college students, examining the mediating role of the sense of meaning in life and the moderating effect of gender.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from September 19, 2023, to November 2, 2023, involving 1,558 students from three universities in southern Anhui Province, China. Participants completed questionnaires assessing social suspicion, social media addiction, and the sense of meaning in life.

[Clinical research and characteristic analysis of patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with Yinyang Gongji Pills and capecitabine].

Yinyang Gongji Pills have the effects of strengthening the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors, removing stasis, and reducing swelling, which is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) formula for treating intestinal accumulation. A real-world, registered, and single-arm clinical trial was conducted to observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Yinyang Gongji Pills combined with capecitabine in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer and analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients. A total of 60 patients with advanced colorectal cancer who refused or could not tolerate standard treatment of western medicine were included in the study.