Association between weekend recovery sleep and risk of incident dementia: a prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank.

Background: Sleep deprivation has been linked to higher dementia risk, but the role of weekend recovery sleep (WRS) in mitigating this risk remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the association between WRS and dementia risk.

Methods: This prospective cohort study followed 88,592 dementia-free adults aged 40-79 years from the UK Biobank, using wrist accelerometers to measure average weekday and weekend sleep durations.

A single-cell transcriptomic landscape characterizes the endocrine system aging in the mouse.

The endocrine system is crucial for maintaining overall homeostasis. However, its cellular signatures have not been elucidated during aging. Here, we conducted the first-ever single-cell transcriptomic profiles from eight endocrine organs in young and aged mice, revealing the activation of cell-type-specific aging pathways, such as loss of proteostasis, genomic instability and reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Enalapril mitigates senescence and aging-related phenotypes in human cells and mice via pSmad1/5/9-driven antioxidative genes.

Aging increases the risk of a myriad of chronic diseases, which are expensive and difficult to treat owing to their various risk factors. Repurposing existing medications has accelerated the development of therapies aimed at slowing aging. In this study, using IMR90 cells and aged mice, we revealed that enalapril, a drug widely prescribed for hypertension, can improve both cellular senescence and individual health.

Trends in the global burden of aortic valve calcification disease in the working-age population from 1992 to 2021.

Background: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a degenerative condition marked by aortic valve thickening and calcification, leading to stenosis or regurgitation, with rising prevalence in developed countries.

Objectives: This study aimed to analyze the epidemiological trends and disease burden of CAVD in the global working-age population (defined in this study as the age group of 15 to 64 years) from 1992 to 2021. It further examined differences by Sociodemographic Index (SDI) regions and gender, providing insights for public health strategies.

Decoding Decision-Making and Feedback Interactions: Insights From EEG Activation Network.

The interaction of the brain's decision-making and feedback stages is crucial for guiding human behavior. Previous studies mainly focused on the interaction immediately after the feedback, resulting in a limited understanding of brain communication dynamics during the interaction process. This study examined the communication dynamics of the brain network during decision- feedback interaction under various feedback conditions by employing a newly developed activation network approach to reveal its underlying neural mechanism.

Research on microchannel fabrication in UV curable resin using combined beam processing.

To break through the limitations of traditional rectangular microchannel processing methods for microfluidic devices, this paper proposes a processing technique based on a holographic combined femtosecond laser beam. The phase and topology of the hologram are adjusted by SLM to flexibly control the spot width and energy distribution of a generated Bessel beam, thus realizing high-precision and multi-size processing. To achieve high-precision microchannel sidewalls and bottom surfaces, the positive first-order Bessel beam is shifted at an appropriate position after the zero-order light by using a blazed grating to obtain the suggested holographic combined beam required for processing.

Ultrasound-Activatable Lipid Nanoplatform for Region-Confined Innate Immune Stimulation and mRNA Vaccination Therapy of Cancer.

Adjuvant-integrated lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations have been extensively investigated to potentiate mRNA vaccine therapy by promoting innate immune stimulation in antigen-presenting cells (APCs). However, these strategies are challenged by the non-specific and "always on" innate immunostimulatory effects of adjuvants, largely impeding their clinical translation. In this study, we developed a novel LNP component, sono-adjuvant lipid, to endow clinically approved LNP formulations with region-confined adjuvanticity.

Therapeutic Hydrogels: Properties and Biomedical Applications.

Hydrogels have emerged as versatile therapeutic platforms with immense potential for treating various diseases, due to their tunable properties and biocompatibility. Recent innovations, including injectable, self-assembling, and bioadhesive hydrogels, have broadened their biomedical applications, driven by advancements in materials chemistry. This review systematically examines the role of chemical principles in designing and customizing therapeutic hydrogels, with a focus on hydrogelation mechanisms, swelling ratios, mechanical properties, and biological interactions.

Cucurbitacin B in cancer: A comprehensive review of its targets and molecular mechanisms.

Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality in industrialized nations, driving ongoing research efforts to develop more effective and less toxic therapeutic approaches. Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a tetracyclic triterpene compound abundant in Cucurbitaceae family plants, has garnered significant attention in recent years because of its promising therapeutic properties. This review has synthesized current evidence elucidating CuB's molecular targets and associated anticancer mechanisms.

Comprehensive analysis of the EFNB1 gene c.451G>A(p.Gly151Ser) mutation: structural, functional, and pathogenicity insights through in silico analysis.

Objective: Craniofrontonasal syndrome (CFNS) is a rare X-linked disorder caused by mutations in the EFNB1 gene, which encodes the ephrin-B1 protein involved in craniofacial and neural development. This study aims to investigate the effects of a de novo heterozygous EFNB1 missense variant c.451G > A (p.

[Land Cover Simulation and Carbon Stock Assessment in Huainan City Based on FLUS- InVEST Model].

To explore the impact of land use change on carbon storage, taking Huainan City as an example, the future land use simulation （FLUS） model was used to simulate the spatial distribution of land use in 2030 under the inertia development scenario, farmland protection scenario, and ecological priority scenario. By combining this result with the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs （InVEST） model, the carbon storage of the three scenarios in 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020, and 2030 was estimated. The study produced the following results： ① The main land type in Huainan City is cropland, which accounts for more than 75% of the total area.

Systemic reprogramming of tumour immunity via IL-10-mRNA nanoparticles.

Daily subcutaneous injections of recombinant interleukin-10 (IL-10) demonstrated encouraging but preliminary efficacy in certain tumour types during early phase clinical trials. However, these antitumour effects were not consistently replicated in larger trials, probably due to insufficient intratumoural recombinant IL-10 accumulation, which ultimately restricted clinical benefit. Here we show that intravenous injections of IL-10 messenger RNA (mRNA) nanoparticles (IL-10-mRNA@NPs) induce potent immune surveillance across diverse preclinical tumour models and mitigate systemic toxicities.

Global, regional, and national burden of sudden infant death syndrome and the impact of COVID-19: a trend and health inequality analysis based on the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Current sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) epidemiological patterns and COVID-19 impacts remain uncertain. We therefore conducted this global, regional, and national epidemiological study using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021.

Methods: This study analyzed GBD-based population data on SIDS disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Characteristics and Source Analysis of Heavy Metals in the Surrounding Topsoil of Tuo Lake Nature Reserve.

To study the characteristics and sources of heavy metals in the farmland surrounding Tuo Lake Nature Reserve, a total of 615 topsoil samples were collected from the study area. The concentrations of eight heavy metal elements, including As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Cu, Ni and Zn, in the topsoil were analyzed. Methods such as the geo-accumulation index, enrichment factor, pollution load index, potential ecological risk index, correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were employed to evaluate the pollution distributions and investigate the sources of heavy metals.

Design, synthesis and anti-gastric cancer activity of stable Bisamide curcumin analogues.

Curcumin, as a natural product, exhibits notable antitumor activity; however, its further development is limited by poor stability and unfavorable pharmacokinetic properties. To enhance the stability and pharmacological activity of curcumin, a series of stable bisamide curcumin analogs were designed and synthesized through amide bond introduction. Several compounds demonstrated high efficacy in suppressing the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro.

Towards bridging the synthetic-to-real gap in quantitative photoacoustic tomography via unsupervised domain adaptation.

The difficulty of obtaining absorption coefficient annotations hinders the practical application of deep learning in quantitative photoacoustic tomography. While training on synthetic data is easy to implement, the synthetic-to-real domain gap poses a significant challenge to model generalization. To address this, we propose a Decoder-enhanced unsupervised Domain Adaptation (DDA) framework to enable knowledge transfer from synthetic data to an unlabeled target domain.

Bimetallic-MOF derivatives enabled 3D carbon cloth as a lithium sponge for a high-performance lithium-metal anode.

In this study, a composite lithium-metal anode (LMA) (CC@FeO/CoFeO@Li) based on derivatives of bimetallic FeCo-MOFs has been prepared. It took only 2 s for molten lithium to be fully injected into the modified 3D skeletons, acting as a lithium sponge. Moreover, a full cell matched with an LiFePO cathode was able to operate stably for 800 cycles at 10C, while also demonstrating superior compatibility with high electrode loading conditions.

Correlation between depressive-like behavior and gut microbiota in mice with hypothyroidism.

Background: The association between hypothyroidism and depression is well established, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.

Aim: To explore the potential role of the gut microbiota in depressive-like behaviors in a mouse model of hypothyroidism, with a focus on bacterial composition.

Methods: Hypothyroidism was induced in mice using propylthiouracil.

Deep learning-driven spectral exploration for metal-insulator-metal plasmonic metasurfaces.

Metal-insulator-metal plasmonic metasurfaces exhibit intricate spectral responses arising from the interplay among localized surface plasmon polaritons, surface lattice resonances, and Fabry-Pérot cavity modes. However, traditional characterization methods relying on iterative electromagnetic simulations and manual spectral analysis face inefficiencies in handling complex parameter spaces and measurement-condition heterogeneity. Here, we present a deep learning-driven framework to analyze the spectral behaviors of metal-insulator-metal metasurfaces by integrating experimental fabrication, finite-difference time-domain simulations, and data-driven spectral classification and regression.

Advanced Nanotechnology-Driven Innovations for Corneal Neovascularization Therapy: Smart Drug Delivery and Enhanced Treatment Strategies.

Corneal neovascularization (CoNV) is a major global contributor to visual impairment, significantly affecting patients' vision and overall quality of life. Traditional treatment modalities often prove inadequate, constrained by limited bioavailability, and their extended use may result in serious complications, including secondary infections, glaucoma, and cataracts. However, recent progress in nanomaterials has led to promising therapeutic approaches for CoNV therapy.

ZEB2: a multifunctional regulator of neural injury repair.

Nerve injury is a pathological condition characterized by damage or necrosis of nerve cells in injured areas due to trauma, infection, ischemia, genetic factor or other factors. Neural injury repair is precisely regulated by the complex regulatory network of body. Zinc finger E-box-binding protein 2 (ZEB2), known as a critical transcription factor, not only serves as a key participant in embryonic neural development, but also exerts a vital regulatory role in neural injury repair.

Thermoresponsive antioxidant metal-free carbon nanodot hydrogel: An effective therapeutic approach for ocular surface disease.

Oxidative stress, an imbalance between the body's oxidative and antioxidant systems, contributes markedly to the development of numerous ocular surface diseases, particularly dry eye disease (DED). Effective elimination or reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can halt disease progression and alleviate symptoms. This study presents an innovative thermoresponsive, metal-free carbon nanodot (CD) hydrogel, termed F-CD hydrogel, which exhibits potent neutralization capabilities against multiple free radicals, including OH·, O·, and ·DPPH.

Atomistic Modeling of Bio-Nano Hybrids: Interactions between Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and the Outer Membrane of .

Dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria transfer electrons to the external surface of metal oxides during their anaerobic respiration. Combining these bacteria with iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) supports continuous redox processes for bioremediation and bioenergy, yet their molecular interactions between iron oxide NPs and the extracellular membrane, which regulate extracellular electron transfer, remain unexplored. This work investigates the adsorption of an iron oxide (α-FeO) NP with a 3.

Revolutionizing keratinase science: Biocatalytic advances, sustainable innovation, and industrial perspectives.

Keratinases represent a distinct class of proteolytic enzymes capable of depolymerising the highly recalcitrant structure of keratin. In recent years, these enzymes have garnered increasing attention owing to their potential applications in environmental remediation and the circular bioeconomy. This review systematically traces the historical progression of keratinase research, delineates their classification and catalytic mechanisms, and highlights their diverse application spectrum.