Recent advances in the discovery of novel bleaching herbicides inspired by natural products.

Pigment biosynthesis serves as a fundamental physiological process vital for weeds survival. Disruption of this pathway leads to the depletion of critical pigments, ultimately resulting in weeds death. Consequently, pigment biosynthesis has become a valuable target in modern herbicide development.

Biofortification of tomatoes with beta-carotene through targeted gene editing.

Vitamin A deficiency is one of the most severe micronutrient-related health issues worldwide. Tomatoes, a widely cultivated crop for their adaptability, nutritional value, and lycopene content (a beta-carotene precursor), are ideal candidates for biofortification. In this study, CRISPR-mediated knockout mutants (cr-SlLCYe and cr-SlBCH) were generated to enhance the precursor supply to the β-carotene biosynthetic pathway and reduce its degradation.

UBA1-depleted neutrophils disrupt immune homeostasis and induce VEXAS-like autoinflammatory disease in mice.

VEXAS (Vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, Autoinflammatory, Somatic) syndrome is a haemato-rheumatoid disease caused by somatic UBA1 mutations in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). The pathogenic cell type(s) responsible for the syndrome are unknown and murine models recapitulating the disease are lacking. We report that loss of Uba1 in various mouse hematopoietic cell types resulted in pleiotropic consequences and demonstrate that murine mutants with about 70% loss of Uba1 in neutrophils induced non-lethal VEXAS-like symptoms.

Application of Fe-CuO bimetallic oxide nanozyme-based colorimetric sensing for highly sensitive detection of tetracycline: theoretical and experimental studies.

This research establishes a competitive colorimetric detection platform for tetracycline (TC) residue analysis in milk and aqueous matrices, with implications for assessing antibiotic-derived health risks in dairy and potable water systems. According to the developed colorimetric competitive reaction model, steady-state kinetic analysis revealed that the Fe-doped CuO (Fe-CuO) nanozymes exhibit higher substrate affinity and faster reaction kinetics than conventional enzymes. The catalytic system utilized a bimetallic nanozyme composed of Fe-CuO, which exhibited enhanced catalytic performance, using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as the color-changing substrate.

Siderophores and beyond: A comprehensive review of iron acquisition in .

Iron is an essential nutrient for , a significant opportunistic pathogen. The host's innate immune system attempts to limit iron availability through nutritional immunity; however, has evolved sophisticated strategies to circumvent these defenses. This review explores the intricate mechanisms employed by to acquire iron from the host environment.

Development and Empirical Study of a Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis Prevention Protocol for Patients Undergoing Gynecologic Laparoscopic Surgery.

This study investigates risk factors for lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (LEDVT) after gynecologic laparoscopy and develops a predictive model. The Delphi method was used in expert opinion to identify risk factors for LEDVT. Patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery from January 2018 to June 2023 were divided into LEDVT and non-LEDVT groups and matched as a ratio of 1:3.

Biomarker profile of a Chinese ALS cohort: A comprehensive clinical-biomarkers-imaging analysis.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal central nervous system neurodegenerative disease, but the relationships among genetic mutations, plasma biomarkers, glymphatic system and clinical variables remain unclear.

Methods: This study retrospectively collected data from April 2015 to November 2024 from the Department of Neurology of First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, China. ALS patients (including genetic ALS (gALS) and sporadic ALS (sALS)), Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and healthy controls (HC) were included.

Maximising the translation potential of electrochemical biosensors.

Extensive academic attention has been given to showcasing the potential high-level analytical performance of electrochemical and microfluidic diagnostic platforms across a range of target analytes and disease areas. Despite this high volume of research and proof of concept demonstrations for feasible technology platforms, electrochemical biosensors have not yet realised their full commercial potential, given the well-known advantages of low cost, high analytical sensitivity, ease of multiplexing, compatibility with mass manufacturing techniques and seamless connection to smartphones. This is often not because of limitations in analytical performance, but due to challenges in translating laboratory devices into usable, scalable, and accessible systems.

PZR: Advances in research from cellular signaling Hub to emerging therapeutic targets.

Protein Zero Related (PZR) is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein encoded by the MPZL1 gene and a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF). Despite sharing 46 % sequence homology in its extracellular domain with myelin P0 protein (MPZ), PZR exhibits distinct functional specialization. It undergoes alternative splicing to generate three isoforms (PZR, PZRa, PZRb) with tissue-specific expression patterns, predominantly enriched in cardiovascular, renal, and pancreatic tissues, and localized to cell-cell contact sites and migration-associated domains, consistent with its roles in adhesion and motility.

High transconjugation efficiency of fusion plasmid pNDM_KPC in carbapenem-resistant and its formation driven by IS-mediated integration.

Carbapenem-resistant (CRE) are increasingly recognized as reemerging nosocomial pathogens due to the dissemination of dual carbapenemase production. This study investigates the coexistence of and in CRE isolates, harbored on plasmids either separately and integratively, and examines the underlying mechanisms of plasmid formation and resistance dissemination. Two isolates co-producing carbapenemase (KPC) and New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM) carbapenemases were analyzed.

The role, regulation and application of plant fruit trichomes.

Trichomes, hair-like specialized epidermal structures on the surface of most plant organs, play key roles in plant defense against herbivores, reducing water loss, and shielding plants from UV radiation, among other functions. Controlling trichome development and the biosynthesis of trichome-derived specialized metabolites is a common defensive strategy adopted by plants to protect themselves from environmental stresses. However, trichomes exhibit distinctive functions in different plant tissues.

Long-Term Temporal Profile of Motor Recovery After Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: Limited data is available to describe the temporal profile of long-term recovery over 1 year after the stroke in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: A registered multicentral cohort was conducted to consecutively include non-herniated supratentorial ICH patients from November 2013 to January 2023. Eligible patients received follow-ups at the time of 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and each year after the enrollments until death or the study termination.

Design, Synthesis, Herbicidal Evaluation, and Molecular Simulation of 2-(6-Phenylnicotinoyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione Derivatives as Novel 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate Dioxygenase Inhibitors.

4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) has been an essential target enzyme in recent studies on herbicide discovery. In this study, a series of 3-hydroxy-2-(6-phenylnicotinoyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-one derivatives were rationally designed following the active substructure combination principle, yielding potent novel HPPD inhibiting herbicides. The title compounds were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (IR), H and C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopies (NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS).

-Difluoroalkenes as C1 Building Blocks: Iron-Catalyzed Synthesis of Trisubstituted 2-Aroyl-1,3,5-Triazines.

Herein, a cost-effective iron-catalyzed cascade annulation strategy of amidines that leverages readily available -difluoroalkenes as versatile C1 synthons is described. This innovative protocol enables the simultaneous formation of three C-N bonds and one C-O bond in a single catalytic system, delivering structurally diverse 2-aroyl-1,3,5-triazines with isolated yields up to 85%. The system exhibits broad functional group compatibility and efficient construction of triazine derivatives.

CuCrO/CrO heterojunction gas sensor for low-temperature and high response HS detection and its application for meat freshness evaluation.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a highly toxic and flammable gas that is also an important indicator of meat spoilage. Therefore, real-time and accurate detection of HS concentration is essential to ensure environmental safety and human health. Despite its significance, achieving highly sensitive detection of HS gases at low temperatures remains a formidable challenge.

Strengthening workforce resilience to sustain community health services during crises: evidence from Chinese general practitioners.

Background: Ensuring the resilience and retention of the primary healthcare workforce is critical to maintaining health service continuity during public health crises. While pandemic preparedness frameworks increasingly emphasize integrated economic and health policies, the role of organizational and psychological factors in sustaining frontline health personnel has received less empirical attention. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of turnover intention among community general practitioners (GPs) in Luohu District, Shenzhen, China, and to examine the mediating role of work engagement in the relationship between perceived organizational resilience and turnover intention.

Predictions of the Chinese Forest Frog () Distribution Pattern Under Climate Change up to 2090s.

The Chinese forest frog () has high ecological and economic value and is an ecologically important species that is very sensitive to environmental changes. However, climate change and increasing human activity are posing growing threats to its natural habitat. To address these challenges, this study aimed to predict the current and future geographic distribution of the Chinese forest frog and to identify the environmental drivers influencing its habitat suitability.

Ferroelectric Charged Domain-Wall Synapse for Neuromorphic Computing.

Inspired by brain neural networks, integrated memory-computing devices are critical to meet the demands of big data and artificial intelligence. This work explores the quasi-continuous modulation of ferroelectric charged domain walls' conductance, which is confined in a topological quad-domain, allowing the charged domain walls to serve as neural synapses. The device mimics synaptic plasticity (long-term potentiation and depression) and shows paired impulse facilitation.

Spatial Frequency Modulation for Semantic Segmentation.

High spatial frequency information, including fine details like textures, significantly contributes to the accuracy of semantic segmentation. However, according to the Nyquist-Shannon Sampling Theorem, high-frequency components are vulnerable to aliasing or distortion when propagating through downsampling layers such as strided-convolution. Here, we propose a novel Spatial Frequency Modulation (SFM) that modulates high-frequency features to a lower frequency before downsampling and then demodulates them back during upsampling.

Albumin-to-Globulin ratio as an independent risk factor for predicting prognostic risk in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.

Purpose: Acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is a leading cause of death worldwide. Albumin and globulin are the main components of serum proteins. The albumin-to-globulin ratio (AGR) is often used to assess nutritional status.

Local cerebral neurofilament light chain during acute stage is associated with clinical outcomes in stroke patients receiving endovascular thrombectomy.

Background: Prediction of stroke outcomes is challenging due to limited predictive properties of clinical and radiological variables. We aimed to investigate whether local cerebral neurofilament light chain (NfL) could provide additional prognostic value.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled 110 consecutive patients with large vessel occlusion of the anterior circulation who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT).

Learning Rain Location Prior for Nighttime Deraining and Beyond.

Most deraining methods work on day scenes while leaving nighttime deraining underexplored, where darkness and non-uniform illuminations pose additional challenges. Consequently, night rain has a quite different appearance varying by location and cannot be effectively handled. To accommodate this issue, we propose a Rain Location Prior (RLP) by implicitly learning it from rainy images to reflect rain location information and boost the performance of deraining models by prior injection.

Multidimensional Toxicity of Organophosphate Pesticides and Mitigation Strategies for Agricultural Sustainability.

Organophosphate pesticides (OPs) remain essential yet controversial in global agriculture, demanding an urgent resolution of their efficacy-environmental protection paradox. This review provides an in-depth analysis of the toxicity mechanisms of OPs, primarily through oxidative stress induction, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition-mediated neurotoxicity, endocrine disruption, and multiorgan pathological effects. We highlight promising mitigation strategies, including natural antioxidants, advanced neuroprotective agents, neuroinflammatory inhibitors, nutraceutical interventions, and others, which synergistically alleviate the toxicity of OPs.