Metabolic Remapping at "Point-Line-Plane" Levels With Central Dysfunction in Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Background: This study is aimed at investigate the glucose metabolic patterns of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) at "point-line-plane" levels.

Methods: We retrospectively collected the F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MRI images of 174 CSVD patients and 206 healthy controls. First, the brain FDG-PET of each subject was divided into 7 classical networks, and the mean standard uptake value (SUV) was calculated.

Extending the Chemistry of Scheelite-type Oxides with Borates.

Scheelite-type oxides have been extensively investigated in diverse inorganic systems due to their exceptional structural versatility and promising multifunctional properties, ranging from luminescence to ionic conduction. However, despite decades of research, borates have remained conspicuously absent from this important structural family. This exclusion stems from a fundamental synthetic and structure chemistry challenge: the difficulty in achieving the essential zero-dimensional anionic framework composed of isolated tetrahedral units, a defining characteristic of scheelite-type materials.

An overview of current research on the modulation of NLRP3 inflammasome by traditional Chinese medicine to combat acute pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis (AP), a life-threatening gastrointestinal emergency, is characterized by acute onset, rapid clinical deterioration, and high mortality rates, imposing profound long-term health burdens and socioeconomic costs on patients and healthcare systems. Current therapeutic strategies focus on supportive care, as no curative therapies exist to halt AP progression. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), with its multi-target, multi-component, and multi-pathway pharmacological properties, has emerged as a promising therapeutic drug against inflammation-driven pathologies, including AP.

Predictions of the Chinese Forest Frog () Distribution Pattern Under Climate Change up to 2090s.

The Chinese forest frog () has high ecological and economic value and is an ecologically important species that is very sensitive to environmental changes. However, climate change and increasing human activity are posing growing threats to its natural habitat. To address these challenges, this study aimed to predict the current and future geographic distribution of the Chinese forest frog and to identify the environmental drivers influencing its habitat suitability.

Functional-structural co-dependent brain mapping of metamemory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Background: Metamemory, a measure of introspective awareness of memory performance, provides an internally-generated drive, profoundly impacting external memory activities. Given its role in regulating memory along internal-external axis, understanding metamemory and underlying neural mechanisms in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is crucial for memory improvement. The present study was aimed to explore metamemory alterations and structural and functional remodeling characteristics underlying metamemory, as well as key brain regions that potentially moderated its intrinsic associations with age, education, and first-order cognition in aMCI.

Mediating role of feeder connections in the relationship between brain network efficiency and episodic memory in amnestic MCI.

Objectives: Advances in connectomics and network neuroscience have opened new avenues for the in-depth study of complex brain networks. However, the mechanisms of brain neuroplasticity associated with fiber connections ("lines") and networks ("planes") for the integration of episodic memory remain largely unknown. This study aimed to: (1) analyze the topological properties of individual structural networks using multi-shell, multi-tissue, constrained spherical deconvolution (MSMT-CSD) based on high-angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) data and (2) explore the mediation among network efficiency, the three types of connections in individual structural networks, and episodic memory.

A wide band gap selenohalide CsSiSeCl with unprecedented [CsSeCl] mixed anionic units.

Chalcohalides, combining the structural and property advantages of chalcogenides and halides, have been demonstrated to be a promising system for the design of advanced photoelectric functional materials. Herein, a new chalcohalide compound, CsSiSeCl, has been rationally designed by introducing a nonlinear optical (NLO)-active [SiSe] T2-supertetrahedral unit into a halide system and synthesized experimentally by the flux method with CsCl as the flux. The compound is composed of [CsSeCl] polyhedral, [CsSe] octahedral, and [SiSe] T2-supertetrahedral units.

Morphology and property tuning in ZnO-Ni hybrid metamaterials in vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) form.

ZnO thin films have attracted significant interest in the past decades owing to their unique wide band gap properties, piezoelectric properties, non-linearity and plasmonic properties. Recent efforts have been made in coupling ZnO with secondary phases to enhance its functionalities, such as Au-ZnO nanocomposite thin films with tunable optical and plasmonic properties. In this work, magnetic nanostructures of Ni are incorporated in ZnO thin films in a vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) form to couple magnetic and plasmonic response in a complex hybrid metamaterial system.

Improving the Performance of Birefringent Crystals by Molecular Assembly Strategy in the Solar-Blind UV Region.

Birefringent crystals are of great significance as the key element in the modulation of optical polarization state. However, there exists a mutual constraint between UV transparency and large birefringence, necessitating compromises. Herein, the micro-units that are beneficial to birefringence are selected and the crystal synthesis process is regulated by three molecular assembly strategies.

Bridging the Interlayer Binding to Ordered π-Conjugated Units for Constructing High-Performing Light Polarization Crystals.

The light polarization modulation involves the capacity to respond selectively to light-mater interaction and is dependent on the optical anisotropy of crystalline materials. The π-conjugated component is almost typically utilized to produce such materials in the short-wave ultraviolet region; however, the conflicting link between high optical anisotropy and strong layered habit is difficult to reconcile. As a result, many anisotropic crystals are limited to tiny crystals rather than processing optical devices.

Breaking the Natural Tendency of Deep-UV Polyborate Anion Clusters to Inducing Strong Optical Anisotropy.

Polyborate anion is a tunable and versatile framework that offers a long-term structural stability, providing the active sites to tolerate various coordination ions to induce functionalities. However, their random arrangement typiaclly weakens the optical anisotropy despite high bandgaps. Converting these flexible frameworks into optical-active states remains challenging.

Dispersion engineering for broadband visible microcombs via mode hybridization and inverse design: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.50, 1751 (2025)10.

The effects of coagulation factors on the risk of Alzheimer's disease: A Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Observational studies indicate a complex relationship between coagulation factors and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the current findings are inconsistent, and it remains uncertain whether a causal relationship exists.

Objective: This study utilizes a Mendelian randomization analysis to investigate the causal relationships between blood levels of coagulation factors and AD risk.

Altered cerebellar activity and cognitive deficits in Type 2 diabetes: Insights from resting-state fMRI.

Objective: To investigate alterations in brain activity in patients with Type 2 Diabetes and explore the relationship between altered regions and neuropsychological performances.

Methods: A total of 36 patients with Type 2 Diabetes and 40 age- and education-matched healthy controls were recruited for this case-control study. All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (Resting-state fMRI) and neuropsychological tests.

Neural Correlates and Adaptive Mechanisms in Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Exploration of a Structure-Function Coupling Network.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease exacerbates cognitive decline, yet the structural-functional coupling mechanisms in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) remain unclear.

Methods: This study included 121 participants, with 68 individuals with VCI and 53 healthy controls. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessments and multimodal imaging.

The correlation between the polymorphism of lysolecithin acyltransferase (MBOAT7) rs641738 and liver fibrosis.

Objective: We aimed to explore the relationship between the MBOAT7 rs641738 gene polymorphism and liver fibrosis and inflammation.

Methods: A total of 214 patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) were allocated into the mild-to-moderate and severe liver fibrosis groups based on liver fibrosis degree. The genotypes at the MBOAT7 rs641738 locus were evaluated.

Dispersion engineering for broadband visible microcombs via mode hybridization and inverse design.

We propose a reliable and simple approach for dispersion engineering in lithium niobate microring resonators (MRRs). With strong coupling-induced mode hybridization and inverse design method, we overcome the large normal dispersion and achieve broadband frequency comb coverage near 525 nm. We adopt a neural network method in the inverse design, which outperforms the traditional forward design based on manual trial-and-error and intuitive judgment.

Perinatal and Neonatal Outcomes Following In Vitro Fertilisation in Poor Ovarian Responders: A Prospective Single-Centre Observational Study.

Objective: To compare the risk of adverse perinatal and neonatal outcomes between individuals with poor ovarian response (POR) and those with normal ovarian response (NOR) following in vitro fertilisation (IVF).

Design: A prospective single-centre observational study.

Setting: University hospital.

Unraveling the impact of blood RANKL and OPG levels on Alzheimer's disease: Independent of bone mineral density and inflammation.

Introduction: Observational studies have revealed a close relationship between reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. The receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) system, pivotal in regulating bone metabolism, has been implicated in brain function, but the causal impact on AD risk remains unclear.

Methods: We employed bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) approaches to elucidate the effect of blood soluble RANKL (sRANKL) and OPG levels on AD, assessing whether this influence was independent of BMD and inflammation.

PbSiOCl and PbCaSiO: Two Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Materials Exhibit a Moderate Second Harmonic Generation Response.

Finding novel efficient nonlinear optical materials with large second-order nonlinearity for the UV spectral range remains a formidable challenge, especially for silicate systems. Using a high-temperature solid reaction in a tight vacuum environment, two ultraviolet nonlinear optical materials with a moderate second harmonic generation (SHG) response have been created: PbSiOC and PbCaSiO. The SHG values they computed are roughly 2.

Integration of CeO-Based Memristor with Vertically Aligned Nanocomposite Thin Film: Enabling Selective Conductive Filament Formation for High-Performance Electronic Synapses.

The CeO-based memristor has attracted significant attention due to its intrinsic resistive switching (RS) properties, large on/off ratio, and great plasticity, making it a promising candidate for artificial synapses. However, significant challenges such as high power consumption and poor device reliability hinder its broad application in neuromorphic microchips. To tackle these issues, in this work, we design a novel bilayer (BL) memristor by integrating a CeO-based memristor with a Co-CeO vertically aligned nanocomposite (VAN) layer and compare it with the single layer (SL) memristor.

Genetic insights into the causal linkage between systemic inflammatory regulators and frailty.

Objectives: Previous studies have suggested the associations between systemic inflammation and the risk of frailty, but causal relationships between them remain not well established. We conducted a bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal links between systemic inflammatory regulators and frailty.

Methods: Genetic variants associated with systemic inflammatory regulators were obtained from a comprehensive genetic study on 41 circulating cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), eotaxin, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1β (MIP1β).

The moderating role of information processing speed in the relationship between brain remodeling and episodic memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment.

Introduction: The role of information processing speed (IPS) on relationships between episodic memory (EM) and central remodeling features in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) was investigated.

Methods: Neuropsychological evaluations and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging were performed on 48 patients diagnosed with aMCI and 50 healthy controls (HC). Moderation models explored the moderating effect of IPS on associations between EM and imaging features at single-region, connectivity, and network levels.

LiNaCaBOFCl and LiNaBO: A Case of Cation-Induced Birefringence Enhancement via Dimensional Changes of Highly Polymerized [BO] Motifs.

Borates, due to their structural chemistry diversity and exceptional performance, are premier material systems for investigating UV optical crystals. The B-O anionic groups with high polymerization (B ≥ 6) are much less in the borate-based system, which is worthy of further research. Herein, cations with different radii and proportions are introduced to borate system, and two new highly polymerized borates, LiNaCaBOFCl (LNCBFC) and LiNaBO (LNBO) were designed and synthesized successfully.