A Decoy Oligodeoxynucleotides Disturbing Forkhead Box O3 Mediated ctnna2 Transcriptional Repression Prevents Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorder in Mice.

Background: Perioperative cognitive disorder (PND) affects up to 31% of surgical patients. Although clinical studies have identified a variety of risk factors, no effective prevention has been developed. From our previous cohort of PND patients, several single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites on ctnna2 were identified.

The apicoplast localized isocitrate dehydrogenase is needed for fatty acid synthesis in the apicoplast of .

(), an apicomplexan parasite, infects a wide range of warm-blooded animals and poses significant risks to human health. The fatty acid synthesis II (FASII) pathway in the apicoplast, which is the major source of fatty acids in parasites, is considered a potential drug target. The apicoplast also harbors some enzymes of central carbon metabolism, which are crucial for its survival, but their biological roles remain unclear.

Molecular characterization of tick-borne bacterial and protozoan pathogens in parasitic ticks from Xinjiang, China.

Background: Ticks are a type of hematophagous parasite, serving as critical vectors of pathogens that cause numerous human and animal diseases. Climate change has driven the geographical expansion of tick populations and increased the global transmission risk of tick-borne diseases. However, there has been a lack of comprehensive data on tick species distribution and their associated pathogen profiles in Xinjiang, China.

Transcriptomic and untargeted metabolomic studies on the anticoccidial activity of eugenol in broilers.

Coccidiosis, a protozoan disease caused by Eimeria parasites, significantly impacts the poultry industry. Traditional control methods involve the addition of anticoccidial drugs to feed, which has led to concerns over drug residues. Thus, the search for alternative treatments has become a research priority, with plant essential oils emerging as a promising option.

Reduction recovery of Sb(III) and Sb(V) from wastewater by UV/thiourea dioxide system: Efficiency, radical generation and mechanism.

For antimony-containing wastewater, conventional methods, such as chemical precipitation, adsorption and membrane separation inevitably generate substantial quantities of hazardous waste. This paper introduces a UV/thiourea dioxide(TDO) reduction method, which efficiently recovers Sb(III)/Sb(V) from wastewater as the metalloid Sb(0) within 30 min, achieving a purity greater than 99.8 wt%.

Association of past obesity and BMI trajectories with cancer mortality: a prospective cohort study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association of past obesity and past BMI trajectories with cancer mortality in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Methods: Past obesity was identified based on past maximum body weight, and trajectories of past BMI change were determined by latent class trajectory modeling (LCTM). Cox regression was used to assess the association of past obesity and past BMI trajectories with cancer mortality.

Pushing the frontiers of babesiosis research: in vitro culture and gene editing.

Babesiosis is a tick-borne parasitic disease that poses a significant risk to both animal and human health. A comprehensive understanding of Babesia biology necessitates the application of advanced laboratory techniques. This review explores recent advancements in gene editing technologies of Babesia, emphasizing the foundational importance of in vitro culture systems.

Rapid detection of African swine fever virus by a blue latex microsphere immunochromatographic strip.

African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease in pigs, caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). Currently, there are no effective vaccines and drugs for ASFV, making diagnostic methods crucial for the prevention and control of ASF. In this study, the ASFV p30 protein was successfully expressed using a prokaryotic expression system and used as an immunogen to prepare monoclonal antibody (mAb) 2A5.

Molecular identification of a thioredoxin peroxidase in Babesia gibsoni with potential against oxidative stress.

Babesia gibsoni is the infectious agent of canine babesiosis, a vector-borne infection that poses a global threat to the canine health. As B. gibsoni is an erythrocytic intracellular parasite, the completion of its genome and transcriptome sequencing and analysis facilitates the elucidation of the mechanism of B.

Association of Life's Essential 8 and Life's Simple 7 with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in the United States.

Background: Cardiovascular health (CVH) plays a crucial role in overall health, but its association with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains unclear.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between CVH, measured using Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and Life's Simple 7 (LS7), and the prevalence of MAFLD.

Methods: This cross-sectional study had a sample of 2234 individuals, representing approximately 120 million individuals in the United States.

Design and screening of novel molecular compounds targeting lactate dehydrogenase of Babesia microti.

Background: Human babesiosis is caused by several species within the Babesia genus, primarily Babesia microti, Babesia duncani, and Babesia divergens, all of which infect human red blood cells (RBCs). Clinically, the disease manifests with symptoms such as fever, anemia, jaundice, and hemoglobinuria, with B. microti being the most prevalent of these species.

Dietary Inflammatory index and its association with fatty liver disease: a study in obese and non-obese populations.

Background: The worldwide incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pressing health issue, with chronic inflammation critically influencing its development. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) measures the inflammatory potential of one's diet. Our study aimed to investigate the association between DII and fatty liver disease in obese and non-obese individuals.

Phytic acid-based nanomedicine against mTOR represses lipogenesis and immune response for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis therapy.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases and is mainly caused by metabolic disorders and systemic inflammatory responses. Recent studies have indicated that the activation of the mammalian (or mechanistic) target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling participates in MASH progression by facilitating lipogenesis and regulating the immune microenvironment. Although several molecular medicines have been demonstrated to inhibit the phosphorylation or activation of mTOR, their poor specificity and side effects limit their clinical application in MASH treatment.

Structural analyses of Cryptosporidium parvum epitopes reveal a novel scheme of decapeptide binding to H-2K.

Cryptosporidium has gained much attention as a major cause of diarrhea worldwide. Here, we present the first structure of H-2K complexed with a decapeptide from Cryptosporidium parvum Gp40/15 protein (Gp40/15-VTF10). In contrast to all published structures, the aromatic residue P3-Phe of Gp40/15-VTF10 is anchored in pocket C rather than the canonical Y/F at P5 or P6 reported for octapeptides and nonapeptides.

Evaluation of the Effect of the Live Vaccine (Strain 168) in Ningxiang Pigs.

[Background/Objectives] () is widespread in the global swine industry, leading to significant economic losses, and is particularly severe in native Chinese pig breeds. The Ningxiang pig, a well-known native breed in China, is susceptible to , exhibiting high morbidity and mortality rates. This study was designed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the live vaccine (strain 168).

The association between helicobacter pylori infection and Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index in US adults: A retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: The Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a marker for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome, while Helicobacter pylori is linked to gastrointestinal diseases and may affect metabolic risks. This study examined the association between the TyG index and H. pylori infection in adults.

Establishment of the auxin inducible degron system for Babesia duncani: a conditional knockdown tool to study precise protein regulation in Babesia spp.

Background: Babesia duncani is a pathogen within the phylum Apicomplexa that causes human babesiosis. It poses a significant threat to public health, as it can be transmitted not only through tick bites but also via blood transfusion. Consequently, an understanding of the gene functions of this pathogen is necessary for the development of drugs and vaccines.

Characterization of two phosphatase 2 C domain-containing proteins PPM2A and PPM2B in Toxoplasma gondii.

Protein phosphatases Mg/Mn dependent (PPMs), serine/threonine phosphatases, are widely distributed in apicomplexan parasites, and Toxoplasma gondii possesses the largest number of PPMs in the apicomplexan parasites. Though the function of some PPMs has been characterized in T. gondii, much less is known about two phosphatase 2 C domain-containing proteins, PPM2A and PPM2B.

LTBR acts as a novel immune checkpoint of tumor-associated macrophages for cancer immunotherapy.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) greatly contribute to immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance of cancer. However, its underlying mechanisms and whether TAMs can be promising targets to overcome ICI resistance remain to be unveiled. Through integrative analysis of immune multiomics data and single-cell RNA-seq data (iMOS) in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), lymphotoxin β receptor () is identified as a potential immune checkpoint of TAMs, whose high expression, duplication, and low methylation are correlated with unfavorable prognosis.

Estimation of Linear Functionals in High-Dimensional Linear Models: From Sparsity to Nonsparsity.

High dimensional linear models are commonly used in practice. In many applications, one is interested in linear transformations of regression coefficients , where is a specific point and is not required to be identically distributed as the training data. One common approach is the plug-in technique which first estimates , then plugs the estimator in the linear transformation for prediction.