HSP27-HSP40-HSP70-HSP90 pathway participated in molecular mechanism of selenium alleviating lead-caused oxidative damage and proteotoxicity in chicken Bursa of Fabricius.

Lead (Pb), a toxic environmental pollutant, is hazardous to the health of humans and birds. Bursa of Fabricius (BF) is a unique organ of birds. Toxic substances can attack BF and induce proteotoxicity.

Magnetic covalent organic framework for the adsorption of silver nanoparticles and recycled as surface-enhanced Raman substrate and high-efficiency catalysts for 4-nitrophenol degradation.

A magnetic covalent organic framework FeO@BM was prepared with melamine and 4-4'-biphenyldialdehyde as monomers and used as adsorbent for Ag NP removal. FeO@BM was characterized by zeta potential analysis, transform infrared spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, contact angle, and N adsorption-desorption. FeO@BM possessed plentiful amino groups, positive potential, and rapid separation performance, making it a promising adsorbent for silver nanoparticles.

Simultaneous Determination of 11 Mycotoxins in Maize via Multiple-Impurity Adsorption Combined with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

In this study, multiple-impurity adsorption purification (MIA) technologies and liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to establish a method for detecting 11 mycotoxins in maize. The conditions for mass spectrometry and MIA were optimized. Maize was extracted with 70% acetonitrile solution, enriched, and purified using MIA technologies, and then, analyzed via LC-MS/MS.

The GZnC1 variant from common wild rice influences grain Zn content.

Zinc (Zn) deficiency, caused by inadequate Zn intake in the human diet, has serious health implications. Rice (Oryza sativa) is the staple food in regions with a high incidence of Zn deficiency, so raising Zn levels in rice grain could help alleviate Zn deficiency. The wild relatives of cultivated rice vary widely in grain Zn content and thus are suitable resources for improving this trait.

Lanthanum ions assisted non-enzymatic ratiometric fluorescence probe for monitoring fenthion residues in agro-product samples.

In this work, a La assisted glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters and carbon dots (GSH-Au NCs/CDs) nanoplatform for sensitive detection of fenthion (FEN) is fabricated. The fluorescence response of GSH-Au NCs significantly increases due to aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) effect induced by La, which is further enhanced with adding FEN due to the coordination between La and FEN. Taking the fluorescence intensity of CDs as the signal background, the ratiometric fluorescence of GSH-Au NCs and CDs has a good linear relationship with the FEN concentration from 0.

Convolutional neural network-based portable computer vision system for freshness assessment of crayfish (Prokaryophyllus clarkii).

Developing novel techniques for freshness assessment are of the utmost importance in yield and trade of aquatic products. The crayfish (Prokaryophyllus clarkii) is one of the most popular freshwater products in China, and its food safety should be a serious concern. In this study, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based portable computer vision system for freshness assessment of crayfish method was proposed.

Mining Candidate Genes Related to Heavy Metals in Mature Melon ( L.) Peel and Pulp Using WGCNA.

The content of metal ions in fruits is inseparable from plant intake of trace elements and health effects in the human body. To understand metal ion content in the fruit and pericarp of melon ( L.) and the candidate genes responsible for controlling this process, we analyzed the metal ion content in distinct parts of melon fruit and pericarp and performed RNA-seq.

Fitness cost of spinosad resistance related to vitellogenin in Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande).

Background: The western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide agricultural pest, has developed resistance to an array of insecticides. Spinosad resistance confers an apparent fitness cost in F. occidentalis.

Chemosensory protein 4 is required for to be olfactory attracted to sulfur compounds released from Chinese chives.

(Diptera: Sciaridae) is a serious pest of Chinese chives cultivated in China. Chemosensory proteins (CSPs) are important components of insect olfactory systems that capture and bind environmental semiochemicals which are then transported to olfactory receptors. Despite their importance, the mechanism of olfaction and related behavioral processes in .

Efficient and selective solid-phase microextraction of polychlorinated biphenyls by using a three-dimensional covalent organic framework as functional coating.

Developing functional fiber coating for selective solid phase microextraction (SPME) of trace pollutants is critical in environmental analysis. Herein, the novel covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with three-dimensional (3D) frameworks and multiple interactions were designed and presented for the selective SPME of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Using tetra (p-aminophenyl) methane (TAM) and 1,3,5-triformylphloroglucinol (Tp) as the monomers, the 3D TpTAM-COF was synthesized and possessed a large specific surface area, high thermal stability, and spatial selectivity toward PCBs.

Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis in Significantly Repressed by a Megabirnavirus.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin widely detected in cereal products contaminated by Fusarium pseudograminearum megabirnavirus 1 (FpgMBV1) is a double-stranded RNA virus infecting . In this study, it was revealed that the amount of DON in was significantly suppressed by FpgMBV1 through a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) assay. A total of 2564 differentially expressed genes were identified by comparative transcriptomic analysis between the FpgMBV1-containing strain FC136-2A and the virus-free strain FC136-2A-V.

Determination of extractable and non-extractable florfenicol residues as florfenicol amine in eggs by UPLC-MS/MS.

Some florfenicol (FF) metabolites have a strong binding affinity towards biomolecules in the edible tissues of some food animals. These bound FF residues cannot be extracted directly from edible tissues with organic solvents and are present in higher concentrations even than solvent extractable residues. In this study, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was established to detect the total residues of FF in eggs, by quantifying the metabolite florfenicol amine (FFA).

Nano-selenium enhances the antioxidant capacity, organic acids and cucurbitacin B in melon (Cucumis melo L.) plants.

Pesticides are widely used in melon production causing safety issues around the consumption of melon and increasing pathogen and insect tolerance to pesticides. This study investigated whether a nano-selenium (Nano-Se) spray treatment can improve resistance to biological stress in melon plants, reducing the need for pesticides, and how this mechanism is activated. To achieve this, we examine the ultrastructure and physio-biochemical responses of two melon cultivars after foliar spraying with Nano-Se.

Silver ions involved fluorescence "on-off" responses of gold nanoclusters system for determination of carbendazim residues in fruit samples.

Herein, a fluorescence "on-off" system was developed for monitoring carbendazim (CBZ) residues in fruit samples, based on glutathione-gold nanoclusters (GSH-Au NCs) and silver ions (Ag). First, the fluorescence intensity of GSH-Au NCs was greatly enhanced (turn on) with aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) effect in the presence of Ag, then fluorescence quenching occurred (turn off) with adding CBZ by the chelation between CBZ and Ag. The quenching degree was well linearly dependent on CBZ concentration covering from 0.

Genome Mining and Analysis of PKS Genes in E1 Isolated from Fuzhuan Brick Tea.

as the dominant fungi species of Fuzhuan brick tea in China, can produce multitudinous secondary metabolites (SMs) with various bioactivities. Polyketides are a very important class of SMs found in . and have gained extensive attention in recent years due to their remarkable diversity of structures and multiple functions.

Potential of spp. for Biocontrol of Aflatoxin-Producing .

The inhibitory action of 20 antagonistic isolates against the aflatoxigenic isolate ITEM 9 (Af-9) and their efficacy in reducing aflatoxin formation in vitro were examined. Production of metabolites with inhibitory effect by the isolates was also investigated. Antagonistic effect against Af-9 was assessed by inhibition of radial growth of the colonies and by fungal interactions in dual confrontation tests.

High pressure processing (HPP) improved safety and quality of emerging aronia berry juice: a pilot scale shelf-life study.

The effect of high pressure processing (HPP, 600 MPa, 5 min) and thermal treatment (85 °C, 15 min) on aronia berry juice in a pilot scale was studied. The maximal shelf-life of treated samples at room temperature (RT, approximately 25 °C) or refrigerated storage (RS, 4 °C) was also investigated. Microbial counts, physicochemical properties, enzymes activities, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activities of these juices were determined and compared.

C NMR detection of non-protein nitrogen substance adulteration in animal feed.

Illegal adulteration of melamine in animal feed and food has been widely studied. However, the risk of using substitute non-protein nitrogen substances still exists. In this study, we developed the C NMR method for the detection of non-protein nitrogen substance adulteration in animal feed.

Application of a novel nylon needle filter-based solid-phase extraction device to determination of 1-hydroxypyrene in urine.

In this work, a simple and miniaturized solid-phase extraction device was constructed by connecting a commercial nylon needle filter to a syringe, which was applied for extracting 1-hydroxypyrene from a urine sample via hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions. The nylon membrane in the needle filter acted as the solid-phase extraction adsorbent, meanwhile, it filtered the particles in the urine sample. To obtain high extraction efficiency, key parameters influencing extraction recovery were investigated.

Multi-residue analytical method development and risk assessment of 56 pesticides and their metabolites in tea by chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy.

A modified QuEChERS method coupled to chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy was established and used to identify 56 pesticides and 21 metabolites residues in tea samples. The average recoveries for the target compounds ranged from 71% to 109% with RSDs of 1-17%. Pesticides and metabolites residues in 248 tea samples from China were investigated by the developed method, and the dietary intake risk for consumers was estimated.

Flowerlike Ni-NiO composite as magnetic solid-phase extraction sorbent for analysis of carbendazim and thiabendazole in edible vegetable oils by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

A rapid, selective, and sensitive method was developed for the detection of carbendazim and thiabendazole in edible vegetable oil. Two benzimidazole analytes were pre-concentrated by magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) using flowerlike Ni-NiO composite as sorbents and followed by LC-MS/MS analysis. The flowerlike Ni-NiO composite sorbent displayed a high affinity towards benzimidazole analytes due to the reversible coordination interaction between the Ni(Ⅱ) ion and the electron-donating imidazole group.

Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum C7 and Staphylococcus warneri S6 on flavor quality and bacterial diversity of fermented meat rice, a traditional Chinese food.

Fermented meat rice (FMR) is a traditional Chinese fermented food with special flavor and abundant microorganisms. Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus species have been found to be excellent strains in FMR during fermentation. However, their roles in FMR flavor formation remain yet to be elucidated.

Pesticide Residue Behavior and Risk Assessment in Celery after Se Nanoparticles Application.

This study investigates pesticide levels in celery, and compares their degradation, dissipation, distribution, and dietary risk after spraying with selenium (Se) nanoparticles. Abamectin, imidacloprid, acetamiprid, thiamethoxam, and lambda-cyhalothrin were sprayed at 1.6, 6.

Irreversible coumarin based fluorescent probe for selective detection of Cu in living cells.

Copper ion (Cu) is an essential part of the living organisms. Cu ions play a vital role in many biotic processes. An abnormal amount of Cu ions may result in serious diseases.

Mitochondria-targeted NIR fluorescent probe for sensing Hg/HSO and its intracellular applications.

Mercury and sulfur dioxide (SO) are common pollutants in the ecological environment, which are important factors causing many diseases of organisms. The lack of appropriate analytical tools has limited the further understanding of the relationship between ionic mercury (Hg) and SO. Herein, a bifunctional fluorescent probe LJ was designed and explored to simultaneously detect Hg and SO via desulfurization reaction and Michael addition reaction, respectively.