Optimizing sex pheromone lures for male trapping specificity between Spodoptera frugiperda and Mythimna loreyi.

Background: Spodoptera frugiperda and Mythimna loreyi are sympatric pests of corn and other gramineous crops. In addition, the two species share three primary pheromone components Z9-14:Ac, Z7-12:Ac and Z11-16:Ac, resulting in capture of males from both species by commercially available lures, which poses a great challenge for species-specific population monitoring.

Results: To increase the specificity of the pheromone blend used in lures, we conducted comparative investigations between the two species, with respect of female calling rhythms, components in female pheromone glands, male electrophysiological and sexual excitement responses to pheromone gland components.

Characterization of two novel mitoviruses co infecting a single strain of Fusarium pseudograminearum causing wheat crown rot.

Wheat crown rot (WCR), caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum, poses a threat to wheat production worldwide. Two mycoviruses, designated as "Fusarium pseudograminearum mitovirus 2" (FupgMV2) and "Fusarium pseudograminearum mitovirus 3" (FupgMV3), were identified in F. pseudograminearum strain YY514-10-2.

Identification of a new lineage of pheromone receptors in mirid bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae).

Sex pheromones, typically released by females are crucial signals for the reductive biology of insects, primarily detected by sex pheromone receptors (PRs). A clade of PRs in three mirid bugs, Apolygus lucorum, Adelphocoris lineolatus, and Adelphocoris suturalis, has been found to respond to pheromones, (E)-2-hexenyl butyrate (E2HB) and hexyl butyrate (HB), with higher sensitivity to E2HB. In this study, we aimed to identify PRs responsible for the other two pheromone components, HB and (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal (4-OHE), by using a combination of phylogenetic analyses, sequence similarity analyses, and in vitro functional studies.

Anti-arrhythmia potential of honey-processed licorice in zebrafish model: Antioxidant, histopathological and tissue distribution.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Honey-processed licorice (HPL) is the roasted product of licorice. It is recorded in the "Shang Han Lun" that licorice has better protection on heart after honey-processed. However, researches regarding its protective effect on the heart and the distribution of HPL in vivo are still limited.

Deoxynivalenol Biosynthesis in Significantly Repressed by a Megabirnavirus.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a mycotoxin widely detected in cereal products contaminated by Fusarium pseudograminearum megabirnavirus 1 (FpgMBV1) is a double-stranded RNA virus infecting . In this study, it was revealed that the amount of DON in was significantly suppressed by FpgMBV1 through a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) assay. A total of 2564 differentially expressed genes were identified by comparative transcriptomic analysis between the FpgMBV1-containing strain FC136-2A and the virus-free strain FC136-2A-V.

Identification and functional characterization of sex pheromone receptors in mirid bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae).

Mirid bugs are a group of important insect pests that cause large annual losses in agricultural production. Many studies have focused on the isolation and identification of sex pheromones in mirid bugs, and the components and biological activity of the sex pheromones have also been studied as a way to control these pests. However, few studies have focused on the mechanisms of pheromone perception.

The olfactory coreceptor IR8a governs larval feces-mediated competition avoidance in a hawkmoth.

Finding a suitable oviposition site is a challenging task for a gravid female moth. At the same time, it is of paramount importance considering the limited capability of most caterpillars to relocate to alternative host plants. The hawkmoth, (Sphingidae), oviposits on solanaceous plants.

A Female-Biased Odorant Receptor from Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) Tuned to Some Plant Odors.

Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is a serious pest of cotton, jujube, grape and many other crops around the world. Understanding how olfactory information directs this insect to its host plants may provide environment-friendly approaches to the control of its population in agriculture. In our study, we cloned an odorant receptor gene, AlucOR46, that was specifically expressed in antennae and female-biased.

An olfactory receptor from Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dur) mainly tuned to volatiles from flowering host plants.

Apolygus lucorum (Meyer-Dür) (Hemiptera: Miridae) is one of the most serious agricultural pests, feeding on a wide range of cultivated plants, including cotton, cereals and vegetables in the north of China. This insect can frequently switch between habitats and host plants over seasons and prefer plants in bloom. A.

Identification and functional characterization of sex pheromone receptors in the common cutworm (Spodoptera litura).

Male moths can finely discriminate the sex pheromone emitted by conspecific females from similar compounds. Pheromone receptors, expressed on the dendritic membrane of sensory neurons housed in the long trichoid sensilla of antennae, are thought to be associated with the pheromone reception. In this study, we identified and functionally characterized 4 pheromone receptors from the antennae of Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).