A carboxylesterase-activated "dual-locked" fluorescent probe for high-specificity imaging of hepatic tumors.

Hepatic carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies with low survival rates due to insufficient therapeutics while early detection of hepatic tumors remains key to reducing mortality of liver cancer. However, current clinical methods are hard to detect pathological changes in early-stage cases while the detection rate of liquid biopsy-based assay is limited. Thus, effective tools for accurate and sensitive detection of hepatic tumors are still in urgent need.

Deciphering the Microstructures and Electronic Properties of the YVO:Re (Re = Pr, Nd, and Tm) Crystals: A Theoretical Insight.

Rare-earth ion (Pr, Nd, and Tm)-doped yttrium vanadate (YVO) crystals have aroused great research interest owing to their excellent laser performances. However, the microstructures, which underlie the optical properties of these crystals, are still unclear. In this paper, the stable crystal structures of the YVO:Re (Re = Pr, Nd, and Tm) systems are predicted by using the crystal structure analysis by the particle swarm optimization (CALYPSO) structure search method.

Quality and Reliability of Adolescent Sexuality Education on Chinese Video Platforms: Sentiment-Topic Analysis and Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Adolescence is a critical period for lifelong health, which makes access to accurate and comprehensive sexuality education essential. As video platforms become a primary source of information for adolescents, the quality of their content significantly impacts their physical and mental health.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the quality, reliability, understandability, and actionability of adolescent sexuality education videos on major Chinese platforms (Bilibili, TikTok or Douyin, and Kwai), analyze associated user comment sentiment and topics, identify predictors of quality and reliability, and provide recommendations.

A temperature-controlled switching terahertz perfect absorption device based on a VO phase change metamaterial.

In this paper, we design and study a temperature-controlled switchable terahertz perfect absorber based on vanadium dioxide (VO), which shows excellent multi-band performance, high sensitivity and intelligent thermal management. The device consists of four layers in a metal-dielectric composite structure, which are a metal reflection layer, silicon dielectric layer, VO phase change layer and top metal pattern layer from bottom to top. The simulation results show that when VO is in the low-temperature insulation state, the absorption rate of the device is as high as 99.

Prognostic Enhancement in Gastric Cancer Through the Integration of Inflammatory Indices into the pTNM-Inflammation Staging System (pTNM-I).

Background: The prognostic discriminative ability of the pathological tumor-node-metastasis (pTNM) staging system for gastric cancer (GC) still requires further improvement. This study aimed to develop a pTNM-Inflammation (pTNM-I) staging system by integrating pTNM staging with peripheral inflammatory status to enhance the prognostic stratification capability of pTNM.

Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 4,049 patients who underwent curative surgery for GC.

Rapid Molten-Salt Synthesis of Phase-Controlled Mo-Doped Sulfides for Water Splitting.

Transition metal sulfides are promising electrocatalysts for water electrolysis. This work develops an innovative rapid low-temperature molten-salt template approach that enables one-step fabrication of free-standing Mo-doped sulfide nanowire arrays (Mo-NiS@NiS/NF) on nickel foam (NF) within merely 30 min, substantially reducing synthesis time compared to conventional methods. XRD and Raman analyses show that the doping of Mo makes the original NiS convert into NiS with higher catalytic activity.

Passive eDNA Sampling Characterizes Fish Community Assembly in the Lancang River of Yunnan, China.

This study aimed to determine the practical efficacy of passive eDNA samplers (PEDS) for monitoring fish diversity in riverine ecosystems. It investigated the utility of environmental DNA (eDNA) in accurately depicting fish composition and diversity within the Lancang River. Environmental DNA technology, particularly PEDS, may be used as a substitute for traditional water filtration techniques.

Biocontrol Potential of Rhizosphere Bacteria Against Root Rot in Cowpea: Suppression of Mycelial Growth and Conidial Germination.

The cultivation of cowpea (), a vital vegetable crop, faces significant threats from spp.-induced root rot. In this study, three fungal pathogens ( HKFf, HKFi, and HKFo) were isolated from symptomatic cowpea plants, and we screened 90 rhizobacteria from healthy rhizospheres using six culture media.

Composite nano copper carrier combining cuproptosis and photodynamic therapy for spatiotemporal synergistic anti-tumor therapy.

Cuproptosis is a copper-dependent programmed cell death triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction, which offers significant anti-tumor potential but requires tumor-specific copper delivery to avoid systemic toxicity. Here, we developed a synergistic nanoplatform (CuO@SiO-Ce6, CSC) integrating cuproptosis induction with photodynamic therapy (PDT). A cuprous oxide (CuO) core was encapsulated in silicon dioxide and covalently linked to the photosensitizer Ce6.

Association Between Dietary Niacin Intake and Life's Essential 8 Among US Adults (NHANES 2005-2018).

Limited evidence exists on the relationship between dietary niacin intake and Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a new metric for cardiovascular health. We analyzed data from 23,729 adults aged ≥ 20 years from the 2005-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The LE8 score (range: 0-100) reflects health behaviors, health factors, and biomarkers.

Exploration Progress on Inflammatory Responses and Immune Regulatory Mechanisms in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes. In recent years, with the number of diabetic patients increasing annually, the number of DR patients has also been rising, and it has become one of the major blinding eye diseases worldwide. The pathogenesis of DR has not been fully clarified but includes microvascular lesions and metabolic factors.

Theoretical Investigations of Electronic Structures and Spectroscopic Properties of the Diatomic Sodium Phosphide Cation.

This study employs high-level calculation methods to explore the structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of the previously uncharacterized diatomic cation NaP. Detailed investigations focus on the manifold of low-lying Λ-S electronic states correlated with both Na + P and Na + P dissociation limits. The spin-orbit coupling effects are systematically evaluated, revealing the splitting of these states into distinct Ω components.

Phenolic acid reduction in rhizosphere via organic fertilization.

is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal plant that is prone to germplasm degradation during long-term continuous monoculture. Allelopathic autotoxicity, which is mediated primarily by phenolic acids, is considered a major factor contributing to this degradation. To reveal the accumulation patterns of phenolic acids in the rhizospheric soil of under continuous monoculture, five phenolic acids (-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, -coumaric acid, and ferulic acid) in the rhizospheric soil of across 1-5 y, and various fertilizer regimes (chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer + organic fertilizer, and organic fertilizer) were determined to assess their accumulation characteristics, along with soil fertility parameters.

Role of circadian CLOCK signaling in cellular senescence.

The circadian rhythm is a key biological mechanism that aligns organisms' physiological processes with Earth's 24-h light-dark cycle, crucial for cellular and tissue homeostasis. Disruption of this system is linked to accelerated aging and age-related diseases. Central to circadian regulation is the CLOCK protein, which controls gene transcription related to tissue homeostasis, cellular senescence, and DNA repair.

Molecular detection and phylogenetic analysis of lumpy skin disease virus in Yunnan Province, China from 2019 to 2023.

The lumpy skin disease (LSD), caused by the lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), represents an emerging infectious disease that poses substantial economic losses to the cattle industries in China. This study aimed to investigate the epidemiological characteristics of LSDV in Yunnan Province, Southwest China, from 2019 to 2023. A Taqman-probe-based real-time PCR (qPCR) assay was developed for the molecular detection of LSDV nucleotides.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolic analysis reveal the mechanism controlling cucumber-pumpkin grafting compatibility.

Background: The most widely used rootstock of cucumber grafting is pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata). The main task of pumpkin rootstock breeding is to evaluate its compatibility with cucumber scions. One of the main factors affecting grafting compatibility is the rootstock bleeding sap, which affects the wound healing of graft junction.

Establishing a long-term predictive model for aggressive behavior in schizophrenia: a 21-year longitudinal study in rural China.

Background: Although identifying factors contributing to aggressive behavior in individuals with schizophrenia is crucial for developing targeted prevention strategies and intervention, most studies were cross-sectional or short-term, and did not take into account the factor of urbanicity. This study aimed to develop a predictive model of aggressive behavior in individuals with schizophrenia in rural China.

Method: A total of 205 individuals with schizophrenia who were identified in 1994 and followed up in 2015 were included in the study.

The role of physical acgtivity in life satisfaction and psychological resilience among college students: Mediating effects of self-efficacy and perceived stress.

Background: With the increasing global attention on mental health issues, especially the psychological stress and life satisfaction problems faced by college students, it has become particularly important to explore how physical activity is associated with college students' psychological resilience and quality of life through psychological mechanisms. This study aims to examine the association between physical activity on college students' life satisfaction and psychological resilience, and to investigate the mediating roles of self-efficacy and perceived stress.

Methods: This study collected data from college students in several universities in China through online questionnaires, using the Body Self-Concept Questionnaire, Life Satisfaction Scale, the Chinese Revised Version of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Perceived Stress Scale to measure each variable.

Integrated screening identifies GPR31 as a key driver and druggable target for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a globally prevalent but intractable disease lacking effective pharmacotherapies. Here, we performed an integrated multilayered screening for pathogenic genes and druggable targets for MASH. We identified the subclass of metabolite-sensing G protein-coupled receptors, specifically GPR31, a critical contributor to MASH occurrence, which, to our knowledge, was previously uncharacterized.

Intratumoral Microbiome-related MRI Model for Predicting Breast Cancer Shrinkage Pattern Following Neoadjuvant Therapy.

Background Patients with breast cancer exhibit different tumor shrinkage patterns (TSPs) after neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), making accurate TSP prediction essential for breast-conserving surgery planning. The intratumoral microbiome influences treatment response, and related imaging features may improve TSP prediction. Purpose To develop an intratumoral microbiome-related MRI model that accurately predicts TSP following NAT.

Assessment of surgical precision and safety in oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer under the guidance of imaging.

Background: Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery (OBCS) has become an essential component of breast cancer treatment. Imaging guidance in breast surgery has the potential to enhance surgical precision. Despite increasing recognition, a comprehensive evaluation of its specific impact on OBCS for breast cancer is needed.

Co-exposure to bisphenol a and arsenic enhance hepatotoxicity in zebrafish by targeting the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis and PPAR pathway.

The worldwide production of bisphenol A (BPA) has doubled over the last two decades, reaching around 6.2 million tons in 2020, with a continuing rise. In contrast, arsenic (As) persists as a prevalent geogenic and anthropogenic contaminant in both global drinking water and surface water.

Novel insights into microbial strategies for antimony (Sb) transformation coupled with carbon utilization in groundwater ecosystem.

Microbial-mediated antimony (Sb) metabolism and its coupling with bio-essential elements cycles are not only crucial to the biogeochemistry of Sb-contaminated groundwater but also have potential implications for human health. However, the ways in which Sb contamination affects microbial carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur metabolism, particularly carbon-utilization strategies, remain poorly understood and lack direct experimental confirmation. Herein, well and spring water samples were collected from the Xikuangshan (XKS) mine to investigate microbial responses and functional adaptations.

Palms (Arecaceae) and Meligethinae (Coleoptera, Nitidulidae): A Long Evolutionary Journey.

Arecaceae (palms) constitute a highly diversified family of monocots, distributed especially in tropical and subtropical areas, including approximately 2600 species and 180 genera. Palms originated by the end of the Early Cretaceous, with most genus-level cladogenetic events occurring from the Eocene and Oligocene onward. Meligethinae (pollen beetles) are a large subfamily of Nitidulidae (Coleoptera), including just under 700 described species, and some 50 genera.