TMBquant: an explainable AI-powered caller advancing tumor mutation burden quantification across heterogeneous samples.

Accurate tumor mutation burden (TMB) quantification is critical for immunotherapy stratification, yet remains challenging due to variability across sequencing platforms, tumor heterogeneity, and variant calling pipelines. Here, we introduce TMBquant, an explainable AI-powered caller designed to optimize TMB estimation through dynamic feature selection, ensemble learning, and automated strategy adaptation. Built upon the H2O AutoML framework, TMBquant integrates variant features, minimizes classification errors, and enhances both accuracy and stability across diverse datasets.

Smart Skin for Zero Energy Buildings: A Review of Thermoresponsive Spectral-Adaptive Envelopes.

Buildings are increasingly being conceived as dynamic systems that interact with their surroundings to optimize energy performance and enhance occupant comfort. This evolution in architectural thinking draws inspiration from biological systems, where the building envelope functions like a thermally responsive "skin" that can autonomously adjust its optical and thermal properties in response to environmental temperature changes. Among the many approaches developed for smart building envelopes, passive thermoresponsive spectral modulation systems have attracted growing interest due to their structural simplicity and low energy demand.

A Porcine Monoclonal Antibody Targeting a Conserved GP4 Epitope Protects against In Vivo Infection via the Induction of Broad-Spectrum PRRSV Neutralization.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) imposes substantial economic losses on global swine production. While modified live vaccines remain the primary prevention tool, their efficacy is compromised by the genetic variability of PRRSV. This study developed a broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) that targets a conserved viral epitope as an alternative therapeutic strategy.

Combined tuning of brown rice starch architecture via dielectric barrier discharge plasma and peptides: multi-scale structural and physicochemical enhancement.

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Enhance therapeutic efficacy of BiTE (HER2/CD3) for HER2- positive tumors through expression.

Bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are small-molecule antibodies that exhibits potent tumoricidal activity but suffer from a short plasma half-life. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) represent promising delivery vehicles for sustained therapeutic protein expression. In this study, we used human umbilical cord blood-MSCs (hUC-MSCs) as a delivery system to to secrete HER2/CD3 BiTE antibodies, thereby addressing the pharmacokinetic limitations of conventional BiTE therapies.

Discovery of novel dehydroabietylamine-pyrimidine hybrids: design, synthesis and anti-tumor evaluation.

Challenges in cancer treatment lie in the identification and development of novel agents with potent anti-tumor activity. A series of novel dehydroabietylamine-pyrimidine derivatives 3a-3s were designed and synthesized based on the principles of molecular hybridization. The inhibitory activities of the target compounds against the proliferation of four different human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, HCT116 and MCF-7) were evaluated.

Metabolic Reprogramming: A Crucial Contributor to Anticancer Drug Resistance.

Cancer metabolic reprogramming is a fundamental hallmark that enables tumor cells to sustain their malignant behaviors. Beyond its role in supporting growth, invasion, and migration, metabolic rewiring actively contributes to anticancer drug resistance. Cancer cells not only reshape their own metabolism but also engage in aberrant metabolic crosstalk with nonmalignant components within the tumor microenvironment (TME).

Multi-stage bidirectional informed-RRT * plant protection UAV path planning method based on A * algorithm domain guidance.

Traditional path planning algorithms often face problems such as local optimum traps and low monitoring efficiency in agricultural UAV operations, making it difficult to meet the operational requirements of complex environments in modern precision agriculture. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an intelligent path planning algorithm. To address this issue, this study proposes an improved Informed-RRT* path planning algorithm guided by domain-partitioned A* algorithm.

The spin-coupling-dependent oxygen reduction mechanism in dual-atom catalysts.

The role of electronic spin in electrocatalysis has led to the emerging field of "spin-dependent electrocatalysis". While spin effects in individual active sites have been well understood, spin coupling among multiple sites remains underexplored in electrocatalysis, which will bring forth new active sites and mechanisms. In this work, we propose a general theory to understand the spin coupling in electrocatalysis.

Effects of fermentation with different lactic acid bacteria on the physicochemical, electronic sensory, and aroma profiles of heat-sterilized tomato juice.

The current work aimed to investigate the effects of fermentation of , , and on the physicochemical, electronic sensory evaluation, and flavour characteristics of heat-sterilized tomato juice (HTJ). The results indicated that LAB fermentation significantly decreased the pH, sucrose, and glucose, and lactic acid was increased. E-nose and tongue analyses revealed that the response to organic sulfides, terpenoids, and sourness increased after LAB fermentation HS-SPME-GC-MS and OAV revealed that heat-sterilization resulted a significant loss of aroma compounds (38.

3D-printed copper-containing tailored titanium alloys with corrosion resistance, biocompatibility, and anti-inflammatory properties for enhanced guided bone regeneration.

Introduction: Guided bone regeneration (GBR) serves as a critical technique in dental implantology, relying heavily on barrier membranes for successful alveolar bone augmentation. Titanium mesh, widely utilized in GBR procedures, faces a high exposure rate that leads to infections and compromised clinical outcomes. While 3D-printed personalized meshes have reduced exposure rates, infection risks persist, necessitating the development of bioactive solutions.

Impact of Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system on pharmaceutical innovation in China.

Background: The Market Authorization Holder (MAH) system in China, which separates marketing authorisation from production authorisation, was piloted in 2016 across 10 provinces and cities and was fully implemented at the end of 2019 with the new revision of the 'Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China'. This study examines the impact of the MAH system on innovation in China's pharmaceutical industry.

Methods: Using data from A-share pharmaceutical enterprises between 2009 and 2023, this study employs a Propensity Score Matching Difference-in-Difference (PSM-DID) design.

Establishment of a Comprehensive Quality Evaluation Model for Japonica Rice With Different Degrees of Milling.

Japonica is considered one of the better tasting varieties, so it is important to balance the quality and taste of japonica rice produced by moderate processing. This study analyzed the changes in bioactive components, heavy metal elements, and sensory quality of northern japonica rice after gradient milling, and constructed a comprehensive quality evaluation model for japonica rice with different degrees of milling. The results showed that as the degree of milling (DOM) increased from 0% to 10%, the bioactive components in japonica rice decreased, with dietary fiber (3.

Correction: Case Report: CAR-T therapy for primary cerebellar ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

The role of amniotic epithelial cells in preterm birth: mechanisms and clinical implications.

Preterm birth (PTB), defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, poses a significant global health challenge. This review comprehensively examines the multifaceted role of amnion epithelial cells (AECs) in normal labor induction and preterm birth. AECs, derived from the amniotic ectoderm, exhibit paracrine effects, low immunogenicity, and non-tumorigenicity properties.

Risk factors for postoperative complications after UBE surgery for thoracic spinal stenosis and construction of a nomogram predictive model.

Background: This study aimed to develop and validate the first nomogram model for predicting postoperative complications in thoracic spinal stenosis (TSS) patients undergoing unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE), integrating multidimensional risk factors to provide a quantitative basis for preoperative risk evaluation and individualized treatment planning.

Methods: Patients were divided into a retrospective training cohort ( = 375) and a prospective validation cohort ( = 100). Baseline clinical data [age, diabetes, preoperative Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score], radiographic parameters (Spinal cord/canal area (SC/ECA) ratio, intramedullary high signal, thoracic kyphosis (TK) angle), and surgical variables (intraoperative blood loss, number of lesion segments, dural adhesion, etc.

Tandem synthesis of dihydronaphthalen-1(2)-one derivatives aldol condensation-Diels-Alder-aromatization sequence of reactions.

A new series of dihydronaphthalen-1(2)-one derivatives were synthesized in high yields starting from commercially available 3,5,5-trimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-one 1a, aromatic aldehydes 2, and diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Reaction of 1a with the aldehydes produced the respective dienones 3, which could cycloadd to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate, either stepwise or , under aqueous/organocatalyzed (DMAP) conditions. The respective adducts 4, were produced efficiently a Diels-Alder-double bond isomerization-oxidative aromatization sequence and were characterized based on the analysis of their H and C NMR spectra.

Heterogeneous recycled carbon black derived from pyrolytic waste tire rubber with strong, wideband electromagnetic wave absorption.

To contribute to the circular and sustainable economy framework, waste tire rubber reclamation by extracting carbon black through pyrolysis and heat treatment and then ingeniously designing it as an electromagnetic wave absorbing (EWA) material is proposed herein. The results showed that the pyrolysis-recycled carbon black (RCB) was heterogeneous with multiple interfaces, making it suitable for EWA application. The RCB was processed at 500 °C-1000 °C to study the changes in the composite and microstructure as well as the EWA properties.

Amplified electrochemical detection of sulfadiazine based on Cu-BTC-encapsulated FeNi dual-atom catalysts with improved catalytic efficiency.

The amplification of detection signals is an important method for improving the sensitivity of electrochemical detection. This study presents an efficient strategy for preparing electrochemical catalytic materials using a simple self-assembly technique to encapsulate Fe single atoms (Fe-SAs) and Ni single atoms (Ni-SAs) in the Cu-benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid (Cu-BTC) metal-organic framework to form a Cu-BTC@FeNi-SAs catalytic system. Subsequently, Cu-BTC@FeNi-SAs was modified on the surface of a gold electrode, and sulfadiazine was used as a template to prepare a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) on the modified electrode.

All-In-One Iontronic Sensing Aligner for High-Precision 3D Orthodontic Force Monitoring.

Clear aligners offer aesthetic and comfort advantages in orthodontics, yet their ability to deliver effective forces relies heavily on empirical judgment or large-scale optical scanning, lacking real-time quantitative evaluation. Integrating pressure sensors into aligners is a promising solution, but challenges in miniaturization, multi-dimensional sensing, measurement accuracy, and biocompatibility hinder clinical application. Here, an all-in-one Orthodontic Force Acquisition System (OFAS) is presented that enables real-time, 3D force monitoring using a cross-shaped iontronic sensing array and an origami-inspired, wireless battery-free readout circuit miniaturized for single-tooth placement.

Correction: Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer.

Correction for 'Dual drug-loaded metal-phenolic networks for targeted magnetic resonance imaging and synergistic chemo-chemodynamic therapy of breast cancer' by Li Xia , , 2024, , 6480-6491, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TB00462K.

Significantly enhanced breakdown strength and energy density performances of methyl methacrylate--glycidyl methacrylate nanocomposites filled with BNNs@PDA-Ag hybrid structures.

Electronic capacitor films based on polymer matrices and inorganic nanofillers capable of storing more energy play a crucial role in advanced modern electrical industries and devices. Herein, a series of nanocomposite films composed of "core-shell-dot" BNNs-PDA@Ag hybrid structures with multiple breakdown strength enhancement mechanisms as fillers and methyl methacrylate--glycidyl methacrylate (MG) copolymers as matrices were successfully synthesized. The introduced 2D and wide-bandgap BNNs not only enhanced the breakdown strength by taking advantage of their excellent physical properties, but also further improved their energy storage properties both at ambient and elevated temperatures through the formation of deeper traps at the organic-inorganic interface.

Crystal Facet-Engineered Anion Regulation Enables Fast-Charging Stability in Lithium Metal Batteries.

Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) offer exceptional energy density and output voltage. However, their practical application remains hindered by sluggish ion transport and uncontrolled lithium dendrite formation, particularly under fast-charging conditions. Here, we report a facet-engineered anion-regulating separator based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with preferentially crystal-exposed (110) facets.

Semiopen Ag@Au Plasmonic Nanotube Arrays Synergizing Molecular Confinement and Multimodal SERS for Lung Cancer Breath Diagnostics.

Exhaled breath analysis offers noninvasive, early lung cancer detection via volatile organic compound (VOC) biomarkers, surpassing blood-based methods. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is ideal for this purpose, combining molecular fingerprint specificity with single-molecule sensitivity. However, conventional SERS substrates face a fundamental limitation: while porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks effectively adsorb VOCs through their subnanometer pores (0.

Polyphenol from walnut septum alleviates DSS-induced colonic injury by regulating the PI3K-AKT pathway signaling and gut microbiota in mice.

Background: Walnut septum, a Juglans regia L. by-product with culinary-medicinal value, is a rich source of bioactive polyphenols. The chemical complexity and anti-colitis activities of these polyphenols remain uncharacterized.