The role of amniotic epithelial cells in preterm birth: mechanisms and clinical implications.

Preterm birth (PTB), defined as delivery before 37 weeks of gestation, poses a significant global health challenge. This review comprehensively examines the multifaceted role of amnion epithelial cells (AECs) in normal labor induction and preterm birth. AECs, derived from the amniotic ectoderm, exhibit paracrine effects, low immunogenicity, and non-tumorigenicity properties.

Mitochondria-Targeted Polymeric Liposomes for Pre-miRNA Imaging and Gene Therapy.

Mitochondria-related microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in regulating mitochondrial functions, making accurate imaging and precise modulation of these miRNAs essential for enhancing their clinical potential in diagnosing and treating various diseases. However, accurate delivery of nucleic acid probes and control regulation of functional action toward miRNAs in mitochondrial compartments remain significant challenges. Hence, we proposed pH-responsive liposomes capable of targeting mitochondria for the efficient delivery of nucleic acid probes for pre-miRNA-34a imaging and miRNA-34a gene therapy.

Sinensetin serves as an AMPK activator to inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis via osteoclast cytoskeleton reorganization.

Osteoporosis is a skeletal condition caused by an excess of osteoclasts, resulting in an imbalance in bone metabolism. Sinensetin (SIN), one of the main ingredients in citrus fruits, provides a variety of pharmacological properties, like antioxidant, but its effects on osteoporosis remains unknown. Herein, we explored at how SIN affected RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis and ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic mice.

Impact of Hemoglobin and Iron Deficiency on Mortality in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction in Intensive Care Units: A Retrospective Study from MIMIC-IV.

Background: Anemia and iron deficiency (ID) are common in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), especially those in intensive care units (ICU). This study investigated the impact of hemoglobin (Hb) and ID on the short-term mortality of critically ill patients with AMI.

Methods: Overall 992 AMI patients with their first ICU admission were included in this analysis.

Exosomes Derived from the Serum of Mice That Received a Huoxue Yiqi Recipe Promote Angiogenesis Following Myocardial Infarction.

Proangiogenic therapy offers a promising strategy for treating and preventing heart failure and cardiac remodeling following a myocardial infarction (MI). Although exosome-based proangiogenic therapy has significant potential in regenerative medicine and MI treatment, its application remains limited by suboptimal therapeutic efficacy. Here, we present exosomes (HXYQR-Exo) derived from the serum of mice treated with the Huoxue Yiqi Recipe (HXYQR) to promote angiogenesis and repair cardiac tissue post-MI, with a systematic elucidation of the underlying mechanisms.

Efficacy of late cervical cerclage for preventing preterm birth in pregnancies complicated by cervical incompetence: retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To compare different periods of cerclage placement in preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancies complicated by cervical incompetence.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Shanghai, China. A total of 499 singleton pregnancies undergoing prophylactic cervical cerclage between January 1, 2021, and June 30, 2023, at Shanghai East Hospital were included in the study.

Metagenomic Sequencing Combined with Metabolomics to Explore Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Changes in Mice with Acute Myocardial Infarction and the Potential Mechanism of Allicin.

Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a significant contributor to global morbidity and mortality. Allicin exhibits promising therapeutic potential in AMI as a primary bioactive component derived from garlic; however, its underlying mechanisms remain incompletely elucidated.

Methods: Our study induced AMI in mice by ligating the left coronary artery, and administered allicin orally for 28 days.

Impact of Frailty on Antihypertensive Treatment in Older Adults.

Background: The association between systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality differs between frail and nonfrail individuals, highlighting uncertainties about the effectiveness of antihypertensive treatments in frail populations.

Methods: Using data from the SHEP trial (Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program), a baseline frailty index (FI), including 55 variables, was constructed. Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to explore the association between baseline FI and the risks of stroke, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause death, as well as to examine whether the impact of antihypertensive treatment on these outcomes was modified by baseline FI.

Active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina (Rogers) inhibits osteoclastogenesis by targeting Trim38 mediated proteasomal degradation of TRAF6.

Background: Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a key factor in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis (OP) primarily characterized by excessive osteoclast activity. Active fraction of Polyrhachis vicina Rogers (AFPR) exerts antioxidant effects and possesses extensive promising therapeutic effects in various conditions, however, its function in osteoclastogenesis and OP is unknown.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms of AFPR in OP.

Thromboelastography-Guided Antiplatelet Therapy for Patients with Ischemic Cerebrocardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: The effectiveness of thromboelastography (TEG)-guided antiplatelet therapy in patients with ischemic cerebrocardiovascular diseases is not well-established. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy and safety of TEG-guided antiplatelet therapy compared to standard treatment in patients with ischemic cerebrocardiovascular diseases.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies comparing TEG-guided antiplatelet therapy with standard therapy in patients suffering from ischemic stroke (IS) or coronary artery disease (CAD) were identified.

Hecogenin alleviates LPS-induced osteolysis via regulating pyroptosis and ROS involved Nrf2 activation.

Reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation triggers pyroptosis and induces development of inflammatory osteolysis. Hecogenin (HG) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative property, but its effects on inflammatory osteolysis remains unclear. In our study, we investigated the mechanism of HG on pyroptosis and its effect on inflammatory osteolysis in vitro and in vivo.

Notch-Targeted Therapeutic in Colorectal Cancer by Notch1 Attenuation Via Tumor Microenvironment-Responsive Cascade DNA Delivery.

The Notch signaling is a key molecular pathway that regulates cell fate and development. Aberrant Notch signaling can lead to carcinogenesis and progression of malignant tumors. However, current therapies targeting Notch pathway lack specificity and induce high toxicity.

PMAIP1 regulates autophagy in osteoblasts via the AMPK/mTOR pathway in osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by low bone mass that severely reduces patient quality of life. Although numerous treatments for OP have been introduced in clinic, many have side effects and high costs. Therefore, there is still an unmet need for optimal solutions.

Cichoric acid targets RANKL to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss.

Background And Aim: Osteoporosis, a systemic metabolic bone disease, is characterized by the decline of bone mass and quality due to excessive osteoclast activity. Currently, drug-targeting osteoclasts show promising therapy for osteoporosis. In this study, we investigated the effect of cichoric acid (CA) on receptor activator of nuclear kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and the bone loss induced by ovariectomy in mice.

Tussilagone inhibits osteoclastogenesis by modulating mitochondrial function and ROS production involved Nrf2 activation.

Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) play an essential role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis mainly characterized by excessive osteoclasts (OCs) activity. OCs are rich in mitochondria for energy support, which is a major source of total ROS. Tussilagone (TSG), a natural Sesquiterpenes from the flower of Tussilago farfara, has plentiful beneficial pharmacological characteristics with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activity, but its effects and mechanism in osteopathology are still unclear.

Rhodium(III)-catalysed redox neutral alkylation of 3-arylbenzo[]isoxazoles: easy access to substituted succinimides.

A convenient method for the alkylation of 3-arylbenzo[]isoxazoles with maleimides under redox-neutral conditions has been developed, giving a series of substituted succinimides in up to 99% yield. This transformation is highly selective to give succinimides, and Heck-type products are successfully avoided. This protocol features 100% atom-economy and broad substrate tolerance, and provides a novel strategy for the synthesis of diverse succinimides and an opportunity for the succinylation of protein medication and for pharmacologists to discover first-in-class drugs.

Rhodium-Catalyzed [4 + 2] Cascade Annulation to Easy Access N-Substituted Indenoisoquinolinones.

An efficient approach for the synthesis of N-substituted indenoisoquinolinones via rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H bond activation/subsequent [4 + 2] cyclization starting from easily available 2-phenyloxazolines and 2-diazo-1,3-indandiones has been developed. A series of indeno[1,2-]isoquinolinones were obtained in up to 93% yield through C-H functionalization, followed by intramolecular annulation, elimination, and ring-opening in a "one pot manner" under mild reaction conditions. This protocol features excellent atom- and step-economy and provides a novel strategy for the synthesis of N-substituted indenoisoquinolinones and a chance to study their biological activities.