Social isolation promotes hyperglycemia through sympathetic activation of inguinal white adipose tissue.

Epidemiological studies have reported that social isolation increases the risk of diabetes, but the underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. Using a long-term single-housed (SH) mouse model of social isolation, SH mice not only exhibited disrupted glucose homeostasis, evidenced by elevated fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and reduced insulin sensitivity, but also showed hypertrophic adipocytes and altered lipid metabolism. To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying these metabolic disturbances, retrograde trans-synaptic tracing revealed the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and locus coeruleus (LC) as the most PRV-labeled brain regions, suggesting their potential roles in social isolation-induced hyperglycemia.

Obesity hinders the efficacy of adipose-derived stem cells for knee osteoarthritis by reducing the proportion of DPP4+ stem cells.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent and disabling joint disease, while adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic option in pre-clinical studies. However, the therapeutic efficacy of ASCs may be influenced by the source of these cells, especially in obese patients. This study compared the effects of intra-articular injections of ASCs from wild-type (WT) and ob/ob (OB) mice.

Prognostic impact and characteristics of ROS1 fusion in patients with surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the prognostic significance of ROS1 fusion in surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent complete resection and ROS1 testing between 2015 and 2020 were included. Propensity score matching (1:2) was applied to balance baseline characteristics.

Sono-Controllable Janus Hydrogel Platform for Sequential Tumor Eradication and Bone Regeneration in Metastatic Breast Cancer.

Bone metastases occur in 60%-75% of patients with metastatic breast cancer, reducing survival rates and compromising quality of life. Innovative treatments are urgently needed to sequentially eradicate tumor cells and promote bone regeneration. In this study, a novel Janus hydrogel platform (GA@CaMP) is developed for encapsulating the sonosensitive composite nanomaterial MHP, which enables gene expression regulation, along with oxygen-releasing CaO NPs.

3D-Printed Extracellular Matrix-Mimicking Hydrogels Derived from Multiple Tissues for Integrated Construction of Complex Organs.

Due to the lack of suitable donors and concerns about immune rejection after transplantation, the demand for artificial organs among patients is increasing. Extracellular matrix-mimicking hydrogels provide excellent prospects for overcoming the limitations of current artificial organ construction methods. Here, a set of extracellular matrix-mimicking hydrogels derived from multiple animal tissues is described, which meets the regeneration needs of multiple tissues after xenotransplantation.

Impaired pattern of cognitive control moderates attentional bias in individuals with social anxiety.

The potential relationship between cognitive control pattern and attentional bias in individuals with high social anxiety (HSAs) remains unclear. This study uses the Dual Mechanisms of Control framework to investigate the impact of cognitive control patterns on attentional bias in HSAs. 55 individuals with low social anxiety (LSAs) and 67 HSAs completed the AX-continuous performance task and dot-probe task.

Emerging lipid nanoparticle systems capable of efficient intramuscular RNA delivery.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) enable RNA delivery, primarily via intramuscular (IM) injection, catalyzing breakthroughs like the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. LNPs encapsulate RNA, using ionizable lipids for endosomal escape and PEG-lipids for stability. IM administration leverages muscle tissue's immune-rich environment, enabling localized antigen production, reduced systemic toxicity, and scalability.

Curative Effect of Cutaneous Ulcer Wound Repair Through a Novel Liquid Dressing After HpD-PDT Treatment of Extramammary Paget's Disease-A Prospective, Semi-Lesion Controlled, Pilot Study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of a novel skin wound dressing in promoting the repair of the ulcer wound after the treatment of Extramammary Paget's Disease (EMPD) with Hematoporphyrin Derivative Photodynamic Therapy (HpD-PDT).

Method: A total of 10 patients with EMPD previously treated with HpD-PDT were recruited to conduct a self semi-lesion controlled study on the treatment of conformal dressing to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the skin ulcer wound repair therapy after HpD-PDT. The skin lesions treated with novel HVHA Shutai dressing were the study intervention group, and the skin lesions treated with standard of care were the control group.

Novel pharmaco-exosomal immunotherapy for united airway diseases: PLGA-encapsulated, mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes with PPAR-γ agonist for allergic rhinitis and asthma.

Background: The united airway diseases (UADs), exemplified by allergic rhinitis and asthma, cause significant morbidity. Although conventional pharmacotherapy provides symptomatic relief, recent evidence has indicated that cellular therapy, such as stem cell-derived exosomes, might offer therapeutic advantages throughout the entire respiratory tract.

Objectives: The present study intends to demonstrate the effect and explore the mechanism of a novel pharmaco-exosomal immunotherapy, i.

Targeting HDAC8 sensitizes tyrosine kinase inhibitors in the elimination of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells through degradation of HIF-1α.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) only partially inhibit the growth of Philadelphia chromosome-positive B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph B-ALL) cells, and often lead to rapid relapse. Therefore, it is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of resistance and develop novel treatment strategies. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are often dysregulated in hematological malignancies, and many HDAC inhibitors have shown potent antitumor activities.

Efficacy and safety of tazemetostat, an EZH2 inhibitor, in Chinese patients with relapsed/refractory follicular lymphoma: a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 study.

Background: Tazemetostat, the first enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, has shown efficacy in a global population with relapsed or refractory (R/R) follicular lymphoma (FL).

Global burden and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus from 1990 to 2021, with forecasts to 2050.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) presents a substantial strain on global healthcare systems. This study seeks to offer robust scientific evidence for the effective prevention and management of T2DM globally through a comprehensive analysis of the disease's burden, trends, and risk factors from 1990 to 2021, as well as future trajectories from 2022 to 2050.

Methods: Data for this study were sourced from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study.

Epigenetic control of tissue resident memory T cells.

Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) represent a heterogeneous population of T cells that exhibit both effector and memory functionalities. They express specific gene signatures that enable them to occupy tissues without recirculating, thus providing a first response against reencountered pathogens or antigens. TRM have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including autoimmune disorders, infections, and cancers.

Global trends and inequalities in eye cancer burden: a comprehensive analysis based on the global burden of disease study.

Background: Eye cancer is a significant threat to vision and survival because of its location, diagnostic challenges, and aggressive nature. However, its global epidemiology, especially regarding differences across countries, age groups, and sex, is not well-studied.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 to evaluate trends in eye cancer, focusing on incidence, prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across 204 countries from 1990 to 2021.

Berberine Alleviates Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depression-Like Behavior by Modulating Gut Microbiota and SCFA Production in Mice.

The exact mechanism by which berberine alleviates depression remains unclear. In this study, we explored the relationship between the antidepressant effect of berberine and the microbiota-brain-gut axis. The levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, corticosterone, serotonin, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Western blotting.

Uncertainty-guided cross-level fusion network for retinal OCT image segmentation.

Background: Deep learning-based segmentation methods for optical coherence tomography (OCT) have demonstrated outstanding performance. However, the stochastic distribution of training data and the inherent limitations of deep neural networks introduce uncertainty into the segmentation process. Accurately estimating this uncertainty is essential for generating reliable confidence assessments and improving model predictions.

Glia maturation factor-β deficiency improves insulin resistance by promoting CARM1-mediated lipid turnover.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major factor for obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. The molecular mechanisms of IR and its systemic control remain poorly understood, and pharmacological drugs to ameliorate IR are an unmet need. So finding new therapeutic targets and drugs is important.

Who Tells the Story of the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia?-A Bibliometric Analysis From 2003 to 2023.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common form of nonscarring hair loss that affects both men and women, significantly influencing psychological well-being and quality of life. Although AGA accounts for over 90% of male hair loss, there has been limited bibliometric analysis to guide the direction of research and the development of treatments.

Methods: A thorough literature search was performed using the Web of Science database, resulting in the identification of 2203 articles on AGA treatment published between 2003 and 2023.

Improvement of Objectivity and Accuracy in Cervical Disc Degeneration Grade Assessment Using Imaging Parameters: A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study.

Study DesignA cross-sectional retrospective study.ObjectivesThis study aims to analyze the correlation between cervical disc degeneration grade and cervical imaging parameters and improve grade assessment objectivity and accuracy under the Miyazaki disc degeneration grading system.MethodsCervical disc degeneration was graded using the Miyazaki disc degeneration grading system.

Early on-treatment LSM reliably predicts liver-related events in CHB patients with significant fibrosis and cirrhosis.

Background: Evidence comparing longitudinal liver stiffness measurements (LSM) dynamics to on-treatment LSM for predicting clinical outcomes in patients receiving etiology therapy is limited.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of on-treatment LSM in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) receiving antiviral therapy.

Design: Patients with CHB and significant fibrosis or cirrhosis were included in this prospective cohort.

Therapeutic strategies in traditional Chinese medicine for premature ovarian failure: Modulation of oxidative stress and autophagy-apoptosis via the AMPK/mTOR pathway.

Premature ovarian failure (POF), also referred to as premature ovarian insufficiency (POI), is a multifactorial reproductive endocrine disorder characterized by amenorrhea, infertility, hypoestrogenism, and elevated gonadotropin levels before the age of 40. Emerging evidence links its pathogenesis to oxidative stress and dysregulation of the autophagy-apoptosis balance in ovarian cells. Excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) impairs mitochondrial function in oocytes, while aberrant autophagy and granulosa cell apoptosis accelerate the depletion of primordial follicles.

DNMT1 recruits RUNX1 and represses FOXO1 transcription to inhibit anti-inflammatory activity of regulatory T cells and augments sepsis-induced lung injury.

Sepsis-induced lung injury (ALI) is a critical condition characterized by excessive immune responses and tissue damage. Previous evidence has underscored an upregulation pattern of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in sepsis. This study reveals the key role of DNMT1 in modulating regulatory T cell (Treg) activity in septic ALI.

Kurarinone protects against renal injury and fibrosis after unilateral ureteral obstruction through enhancement of the Nrf-2 signaling pathway.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an epidemic with higher cardiovascular risk, and this pathology involves renal injury and fibrosis. Kurarinone (KAR) has anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects, which can regulate immune responses and macrophage polarization. This study aimed to investigate the effect of KAR on model-induced unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) renal injury and fibrosis.