Glia maturation factor-β deficiency improves insulin resistance by promoting CARM1-mediated lipid turnover.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major factor for obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. The molecular mechanisms of IR and its systemic control remain poorly understood, and pharmacological drugs to ameliorate IR are an unmet need. So finding new therapeutic targets and drugs is important.

CRP and HNF1A collaborate to regulate the progression of laryngeal cancer through the Wnt signaling pathway.

We aim to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of CRP and HNF1A in laryngeal cancer (LC). Bioinformatics identified core genes and associated transcription factors. QRT-PCR evaluated mRNA expressions, while siRNA-transfection induced gene knockdown.

Naphthalene Metabolites From Long-Term Environmental Tobacco Smoke Induce the Aging of Retinal Pigment Epithelium.

Tobacco use is the main source of indoor air pollution and contains a variety of toxic components. The smoke from burning cigarettes is a key environmental risk factor that leads to accelerated aging and the occurrence of numerous diseases. Meanwhile, cigarette smoke and aging are both prominent risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Engineering Characteristics of Dredged Sediment Solidified by MSWI FA and Cement Under Different Curing Conditions.

Traditional landfill cover materials have low strength and poor dry-wet durability. Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI FA) can be used to partially replace cement solidification dredging sediment (DS). This article investigates the possibility of using MSWI FA and ordinary Portland cement (OPC) composite cured DS as a covering material.

Protein-Interference-Free and Kidney-Targeting NIR Fluorophores for Accurate in Vivo Imaging of HS during Kidney Ferroptosis.

High-fidelity kidney function imaging is important for assessing the nephrotoxicity of drugs and diagnosing renal diseases. However, the current challenges in achieving accurate kidney imaging include unspecific signal enhancement due to albumin binding and relatively low distribution of imaging agents in kidneys. Here, for the first time, a side-chain engineering strategy that incorporates hydrophilic six-membered heterocycles into aza-hemicyanine for generating high-performance kidney imaging agents with protein-interference-free and kidney-targeting features is proposed.

Interpretable Machine Learning for Explaining and Predicting Collapse Hazards in the Changbai Mountain Region.

This study analyzes collapse hazards for complex interactions between geology, meteorology, and human activities in the Changbai Mountain region, focusing on how to cope with these features through machine learning. Using a dataset of 651 collapse events, this study evaluates four machine learning methods, Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), to deal with complex nonlinear data structures. To overcome the limitations of a single-feature selection method, a variance inflation factor is introduced to optimize the selection of collapse risk factors.

Risk assessment of land subsidence in Shanghai municipality based on AHP and EWM.

Urban land subsidence (LS) results in a reduction in ground elevation, compromising infrastructure integrity, disrupting the hydrological cycle, and posing significant risks to economic, demographic, and environmental security. This phenomenon is characterized by a certain degree of latency. In recent years, as Shanghai has undergone rapid urban expansion and high-density development, the issue of LS has become increasingly pronounced.

miR-361-5p regulates SLC25A24 to maintain mitochondrial function and alleviate granulosa cell dysfunction in diminished ovarian reserve.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miR-361-5p (a tumor suppressor) in regulating granulosa cell function by targeting SLC25A24, a key mitochondrial protein, to uncover potential therapeutic targets for diminished ovarian reserve (DOR).

Methods: This study included patients undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment at our hospital. Granulosa cells were isolated from follicular fluid, and KGN cells were used for in vitro experiments.

scPAS: single-cell phenotype-associated subpopulation identifier.

Despite significant advancements in single-cell sequencing analysis for characterizing tissue sample heterogeneity, identifying the associations between cell subpopulations and disease phenotypes remains a challenging task. Here, we introduce scPAS, a new bioinformatics tool designed to integrate bulk data to identify phenotype-associated cell subpopulations within single-cell data. scPAS employs a network-regularized sparse regression model to quantify the association between each cell in single-cell data and a phenotype.

Tuning Tumor Targeting and Ratiometric Photoacoustic Imaging by Fine-Tuning Torsion Angle for Colorectal Liver Metastasis Diagnosis.

Photoacoustic (PA) tomography is an emerging biomedical imaging technology for precision cancer medicine. Conventional small-molecule PA probes usually exhibit a single PA signal and poor tumor targeting that lack the imaging reliability. Here, we introduce a series of cyanine/hemicyanine interconversion dyes (denoted Cy-HCy) for PA/fluorescent dual-mode probe development that features optimized ratiometric PA imaging and tunable tumor-targeting ability for precise diagnosis and resection of colorectal cancer (CRC).

High expression levels of centromere protein O participates in cell proliferation of human ovarian cancer.

Ovarian cancer is a common malignant tumor in women, with a high mortality rate ranking first among gynecological tumors. Currently, there is insufficient understanding of the causes, pathogenesis, recurrence and metastasis of ovarian cancer, and early diagnosis and treatment still face great challenges. The sensitivity and specificity of existing ovarian cancer screening methods are still unsatisfactory.

The identification of a novel shared therapeutic target and drug across all insulin-sensitive tissues under insulin resistance.

Background: To identify key and shared insulin resistance (IR) molecular signatures across all insulin-sensitive tissues (ISTs), and their potential targeted drugs.

Methods: Three datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were acquired, in which the ISTs (fat, muscle, and liver) were from the same individual with obese mice. Integrated bioinformatics analysis was performed to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs).

Dissecting cellular states of infiltrating microenvironment cells in melanoma by integrating single-cell and bulk transcriptome analysis.

Background: Cellular states of different immune cells can affect the activity of the whole immune microenvironment.

Methods: Here, leveraging reference profiles of microenvironment cell states that were constructed based on single-cell RNA-seq data of melanoma, we dissected the composition of microenvironment cell states across 463 skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) bulk samples through CIBERSORT-based deconvolution of gene expression profiles and revealed high heterogeneity of their distribution. Correspondence analysis on the estimated cellular fractions of melanoma bulk samples was performed to identify immune phenotypes.

Biaxial strain modulated electronic structures of layered two-dimensional MoSiGeN Rashba systems.

The two-dimensional (2D) MAZ family has received extensive attention in manipulating its electronic structure and achieving intriguing physical properties. However, engineering the electronic properties remains a challenge. Herein, based on first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the effect of biaxial strains on the electronic structure of 2D Rashba MoSiGeN (MSGN), and further explore how the interlayer interactions affect the Rashba spin splitting (RSS) in such strained layered MSGN systems.

GMFB/AKT/TGF-β3 in Müller cells mediated early retinal degeneration in a streptozotocin-induced rat diabetes model.

Retinal degeneration, characterized by Müller cell gliosis and photoreceptor apoptosis, is considered an early event in diabetic retinopathy (DR). Our previous study proposed that GMFB may mediate diabetic retinal degeneration. This study identified GMFB as a sensitive and functional gliosis marker for DR.

Alloying Reversed Anisotropy of Thermal Transport in Bulk AlGaN.

Anisotropic heat transfer is crucial for advanced thermal management in nanoelectronics, optoelectronics, thermoelectrics, . Traditional approaches modifying thermal conductivity (κ) mostly adjust the magnitude but disregard anisotropy. Herein, by solving the Boltzmann transport equation from first principles, we report κ anisotropy modulation by alloying gallium nitride (GaN) and aluminum nitride (AlN).

Identifying the personalized driver gene sets maximally contributing to abnormality of transcriptome phenotype in glioblastoma multiforme individuals.

High heterogeneity in genome and phenotype of cancer populations made it difficult to apply population-based common driver genes to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer individuals. Characterizing and identifying the personalized driver mechanism for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) individuals were pivotal for the realization of precision medicine. We proposed an integrative method to identify the personalized driver gene sets by integrating the profiles of gene expression and genetic alterations in cancer individuals.

Glia maturation factor beta deficiency protects against diabetic osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclast hyperactivity.

Excessive osteoclast activation, which depends on dramatic changes in actin dynamics, causes osteoporosis (OP). The molecular mechanism of osteoclast activation in OP related to type 1 diabetes (T1D) remains unclear. Glia maturation factor beta (GMFB) is considered a growth and differentiation factor for both glia and neurons.

The Heterogeneous Cellular States of Glioblastoma Stem Cells Revealed by Single Cell Analysis.

Glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) contributed to the progression, treatment resistance, and relapse of glioblastoma (GBM). However, current researches on GSCs were performed usually outside the human tumor microenvironment, ignoring the importance of the cellular states of primary GSCs. In this study, we leveraged single-cell transcriptome sequencing data of 6 independent GBM cohorts from public databases, and combined lineage and stemness features to identify primary GSCs.

Anisotropic Optical, Mechanical, and Thermoelectric Properties of Two-Dimensional Fullerene Networks.

Nanoclusters like fullerenes as the unit to build intriguing two-dimensional (2D) topological structures is of great challenge. Here we propose three bridged fullerene monolayers and comprehensively investigate the novel fullerene monolayer (α-C-2D) as synthesized experimentally [Hou et al. 2022, 606, 507-510] by first-principles calculations.

The record low thermal conductivity of monolayer cuprous iodide (CuI) with a direct wide bandgap.

Two-dimensional materials have attracted significant research interest due to the fantastic properties that are unique to their bulk counterparts. In this paper, from the first-principles, we predicted the stable structure of a monolayer counterpart of γ-CuI (cuprous iodide) that is a p-type wide bandgap semiconductor. The monolayer CuI presents multifunctional superiority in terms of electronic, optical, and thermal transport properties.

Integrated analysis of ferroptosis-related gene signature for overall survival prediction in Asian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most prevalent types of cancers in Asia. Accumulating evidence suggests that ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic form of cell death, and has played an important role in cancer biology.

Methods: Based on the manually curated ferroptosis-related gene set and TCGA-LIHC dataset of Asian patients, we used DESeq2, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and univariate Cox regression to identify differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes with significantly prognostic capacity.

Systematic investigation of the prognostic impact of clonal status of somatic mutations across multiple cancer types.

Tumors are genetically heterogeneous and many mutations are actually present in subclonal populations. The clonal status of mutations is valuable for accurate prognosis, clinical management. The aim of this study was to identify the clonal status of somatic mutations and systematically evaluate their prognostic values across various cancer types.