The Role of Neuroglia in Cognitive Longevity.

The concept of the central nervous system (CNS) reserve emerged from the mismatch often observed between the extent of brain pathology and its clinical manifestations. The cognitive reserve reflects an "active" capacity, driven by the plasticity of CNS cellular components and shaped by experience, learning, and memory processes that increase resilience. We propose that neuroglial cells are central to defining this resilience and cognitive reserve.

The ameliorative effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCS2 on DSS-induced murine colitis.

The inhibitory effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum on inflammatory responses are known, but its action mechanisms in oxidative stress, immunomodulation, and intestinal homeostasis remain of interest. Accordingly, we investigated the protective effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SCS2 (L. plantarum SCS2) against sodium dextran sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice as well as elucidated its impact on inflammation, oxidative stress, and intestinal microbiota.

Exosomes in Disease Therapy: Plant-Derived Exosome-Like Nanoparticles Current Status, Challenges, and Future Prospects.

Exosomes are nano-sized extracellular vesicles secreted by diverse cell types that mediate intercellular communication through the transfer of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Their ability to cross biological barriers and carry bioactive cargo has led to increasing interest in their use as targeted delivery systems for drugs, genes, and immunomodulatory molecules. Recently, plant-derived exosome-like nanoparticles, PLNs obtained from edible plants and medicinal herbs have emerged as a novel, biocompatible alternative to mammalian exosomes.

Correction: Case Report: CAR-T therapy for primary cerebellar ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

New perspectives on the progression of pulmonary fibrosis: the cascade from aberrant microvascular endothelial cell activation to fibrosis.

Traditional studies of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) have focused on alveolar epithelial cells injury and abnormal myofibroblast aggregation, but recent studies have revealed that imbalances in pulmonary capillary homeostasis also play pivotal roles in this disease. The pulmonary microvasculature, composed of aerocyte capillary (aCap) and general capillary (gCap) endothelial cells, forms the core structure of the alveolar-capillary membrane. It performs key roles in gas exchange and nutrient/metabolite transport, while modulating the trafficking of inflammatory factors and immune cells and regulating alveolar damage repair.

The effects of French contrast training on lower limb athletic performance in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: French Contrast Training (FCT) is a unique complex training (CT) method that has gained attention in sports science. Participant characteristics, training protocols, and control group types may influence the effects of FCT on lower limb athletic performance.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the effects of FCT on jump, sprint, and maximal strength in healthy adults and to identify potential moderators of training effects.

Microbiological mechanisms of oral mucosal disease: oral-intestinal crosstalk and probiotic therapy.

Balance of the oral-intestinal axis microbiota is essential for maintaining oral mucosal health. The occurrence of oral disease is closely linked to the microbiota, this disorder is closely related to the pathogenesis of oral mucosal diseases, such as oral lichen planus, recurrent aphthous ulcer, oral candidiasis and squamous-cell carcinoma. As a microorganism that is beneficial to host health, probiotics can show multi-dimensional therapeutic effects in oral mucosal diseases by targeting and regulating the immune microenvironment of the oral mucosa, inhibiting the colonization of pathogenic bacteria and repairing the barrier function.

Nanohybrid Hydrogels Spatiotemporally Restore Infectious Bone Defects via Mitochondrial Homeostasis-Driven Immunomodulation and Vascular-Bone Coupling Synergy.

Regeneration of infected bone defects (IBDs) requires biomaterials capable of dynamically coordinating antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and osteogenic functions. Overcoming the spatiotemporal mismatches in treating IBDs remains a critical challenge. Here, we designed a temporally controlled therapy based on gelatin methacrylate (GelMA)-based nanocomposite hydrogels (GCS) coembedded with sulfur quantum dots (SQDs) nanoenzymes and calcium-phosphorus oligomers (CPOs.

Self-pumping Janus nanofiber membrane with pH monitoring capability, integrated with a drug-loaded fast-dissolving layer for enhanced chronic wound healing.

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance poses significant challenges in conventional antibiotic treatments for chronic wound infections, highlighting an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies. To address this issue, we developed a multifunctional electrospun nanofiber dressing co-loaded with anthocyanin (ATH) and asiaticoside (AS) that possesses antimicrobial activity. The tri-layer dressing contains three functional components: a hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile-anthocyanin (PAN-ATH) layer for pH monitoring, a hydrophobic polycaprolactone (PCL) layer for exudate management, and a water-soluble pullulan-Bletilla striata polysaccharide-asiaticoside (PUL-BSP-AS) layer.

Optimization of small-sized collection chambers for radon detectors based on the electrostatic-collection semiconductor method.

Optimizing the collection chamber structure is critical for improving the reliability of electrostatic radon detectors, which are key to environmental and health risk monitoring. This study used COMSOL simulations to explore polonium-218 (Po, a radon progeny) ion collection parameters: chamber geometry, voltage, base material and structure, detector configuration, and edge electrification. Results showed that an uncharged base, combined with a detector protruding 2 mm above the base, enhances collection efficiency (CE); charged metal edge shielding boosts CE by 4-10 % without increasing collection time (CT); ∼2000 V balances peak CE and electromagnetic interference suppression.

Advances and prospects of ergothioneine in the treatment of cognitive frailty.

Background: To review the biological functions of ergothioneine (ERGO), its correlation with plasma levels in cognitive frailty, and research progress in treating frailty and cognitive impairment, with the aim of providing a reference for ERGO application in cognitive frailty treatment.

Methods: A comprehensive review of existing literature on ERGO's chemical structure, sources, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, and its role in cognitive frailty was conducted. Clinical trial data and metabolomic studies were also analyzed to understand ERGO's therapeutic potential.

Multifunctional antimicrobial wound dressing with photothermal promotion based on Bletilla striata polysaccharides and other natural materials.

Wound healing is often hindered by bacterial infection, oxidative stress, and bleeding. Traditional dressings cannot simultaneously regulate multiple microenvironments. To address the shortcomings of traditional dressings, this study constructed a dual-network photothermal responsive multifunctional hydrogel OBCTCu based on four natural ingredients, including Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP), chitosan (CS), tannic acid (TA), and Cu.

PRMT5 encourages cell migration and metastasis of tongue squamous cell carcinoma through methylating ΔNp63α.

Tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) is a common oral malignancy prone to metastasis, whose underlying mechanism remains obscure. Here, we report the oncogenic roles of protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) in TSCC via inhibiting transcription factor ΔNp63α. We found that PRMT5 physically interacts with ΔNp63α, resulting in impairment of ΔNp63α-mediated transcriptional regulation.

Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomics analysis elucidated the underlying mechanisms by which Pegaeophyton scapiflorum alleviated LPS-induced acute lung injury.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Acute lung injury is one of the most fatal lung diseases and has a significant impact on mortality and morbidity. Currently, ALI treatment options remain limited. Pegaeophyton scapiflorum (DHJ) has been documented in Dumu Materia Medica, as clearing heat from the lungs, and are clinically used for respiratory disorders.

Liquiritigenin Alleviates Inflammation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Acute Pancreatitis via ERβ-VDAC1 Signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Liquorice (Gancao), a classic Chinese herb, has been historically prescribed for inflammation and gastrointestinal disorders. Its bioactive flavonoid liquiritigenin (4',7-dihydroxyflavone) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, yet its efficacy against acute pancreatitis (AP) remains unexplored.

Aim: To systematically investigate the therapeutic potential of liquiritigenin against AP and decipher its estrogen receptor beta (ERβ)-mediated mitochondrial regulatory mechanisms.

Senkyunolide I alleviates allergic rhinitis by inhibiting JAK1/3-STAT3/6 and JNK signalings.

Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common allergic disease with a high incidence rate. Senkyunolide I (SEI), a bioactive ingredient isolated from Ligusticum sinense 'Chuanxiong', exhibits known analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects, yet its anti-AR potential remains unexplored. Here, we aim to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and molecular mechanisms of SEI against AR.

Extraction and Characterization of Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels Fruit Pectin Based on Deep Eutectic Solvent.

Pectin derived from the fruit of Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, commonly known as Wampee, possesses diverse bioactivities and holds significant potential for applications in food products. To broaden Wampee's application range, deep eutectic solvent (DES) was optimized for pectin extraction using response surface methodology.

Electrochemical Oxidation of C(sp)-H Bonds for the Construction of C-S Bonds: Access to 9-Thioxanthenes.

Radical-radical cross-coupling offers an efficient strategy for constructing C-S bonds, yet existing methods typically rely on stoichiometric oxidants or metal catalysts. The lack of sustainable approaches for C(sp)-H sulfenylation at the C9 position of xanthene derivatives limits their functionalization. Herein, we developed an electrochemical method enabling direct C(sp)-H sulfenylation/selenylation of oxa/thia/aza-xanthenes under metal- and chemical-oxidant-free conditions.

DDX55 safeguards naïve T cell homeostasis by suppressing activation-promoting transposable elements.

Naïve T cells are maintained in a homeostatic state to preserve a stable T cell pool with diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires, ensuring preparedness for priming. However, the underlying mechanisms controlling naïve T cell homeostasis and priming remain unclear. Leveraging a machine learning-based functional genetic screen, we identified () as the top factor responsible for naïve T cell homeostasis.

[Statin drugs for the treatment of erectile dysfunction: An umbrella review].

Objective: The aim of this study is to re-evaluate the systematic reviews and meta-analyses on statins for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) and construct an umbrella review, thereby providing robust evidence-based for the clinical application of statins in ED treatment.

Methods: A comprehensive computerized search was conducted across CNKI, Wanfang Database, VIP, WOS, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Library databases from their inception to September 12, 2024, for all systematic reviews and meta-analyses addressing statin interventions in ED. The methodological quality, reporting quality, and evidence quality of the included studies were assessed and summarized using PRISMA 2020, AMSTAR 2, and GRADE systems.

Insights on the differences between two‑ and three‑dimensional culture systems in tumor models (Review).

Traditional cancer research generally utilizes commercial immortalized cancer cell lines cultivated in two‑dimensional (2D) culture systems. However, as cell‑cell/cell‑matrix interactions and the microenvironment cannot be explored , 2D cell culture models inadequately replicate the phenotype and physiology of original tissues. Therefore, three‑dimensional (3D) cell culture technologies, such as organoids, which present potential for mimicking the features of primary solid tumors , may be useful in cancer research.

Innovative strategies to enhance MSCs efficacy in acute kidney injury (Review).

Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a significant clinical challenge, characterized by rapid kidney dysfunction with potential progression to chronic kidney disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offer promising therapeutic potential due to their regenerative, immunomodulatory and anti‑inflammatory capabilities. Despite these advantages, clinical translation is hampered by low MSCs retention, limited cell survival and suboptimal secretion of therapeutic factors in injured renal tissues.

Piezo knockdown reduces 5‑hydroxytryptamine release from enterochromaffin cells and exacerbates intestinal dyskinesia in mice with functional constipation.

Enterochromaffin (EC) cell dysfunction decreases 5‑hydroxytryptamine (5‑HT) secretion, contributing to functional constipation (FC). However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Piezo ion channels mediate 5‑HT release from EC cells.

How do low-carbon city policies shape older adults health? Evidence from environmental and mobility pathways in China.

Objectives: As environmental pollution and population aging become increasingly severe, it is especially important to assess the health co-benefits of climate-related urban policies. This study aims to examine the impact of China's Low-Carbon City Pilot Program (LCCP) on the health of the older adults. It focuses on potential mechanisms such as improvements in environmental quality and increases in non-motorized transportation.