Mechanism of Microbiota-Gut-Brain in Perimenopausal Depression: An Inflammatory Perspective.

Background: Perimenopausal women often experience physiological and psychological decline due to the effects of oestrogen fluctuations and the decline of ovarian function, leading to significantly increased depression rates, decreases in the quality of life and mental health issues. Studies have shown that the gut microbiota exerts anti-perimenopausal depression (PMD) effects via the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis, the mechanisms of which may be related to inflammation. In this review, we discuss the effects and mechanisms of gut microbiota in PMD and provide new insights for future PMD treatment.

Persistent cortical excitatory neuron dysregulation in adult haploinsufficient mice.

mutations cause autism spectrum disorder, cognitive deficits, and macrocephaly. mouse models exhibit macrocephaly and transcriptional pathology, with inconsistent findings regarding neurogenesis, neuron function, and behavior. Via stereology and single nucleus transcriptomics (snRNA-seq), we found increased cortical volume was not explained by increase in neuron number.

Cytoplasmic anillin and Ect2 promote RhoA/myosin II-dependent confined migration and invasion.

Cell migration in mechanically confined environments is a crucial step of metastatic cancer progression. Nonetheless, the molecular components and processes mediating such behaviour are still not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that a pool of the scaffolding protein anillin and its cofactor Ect2, which are both predominantly nuclear proteins and critical mediators of cytokinesis, is present in the cytoplasm of multiple interphase cell types that promote confined cell migration.

Smart pH-Responsive Conductive Polyurethane Fibers: Doping Strategies for Advanced Wound Care.

Inspired by the pH fluctuations of skin wounds, a protonic acid-doped conductive polyurethane (dCP) fibrous membrane was developed via electrospinning. This study introduces a smart conductive system with pH-responsive electroactivity that adapts to the dynamic wound microenvironment, enhancing both wound healing and antibacterial efficacy. Systematic optimization with camphorsulfonic acid (CSA) doping, the system was evaluated under three physiological pH conditions (7.

Effects of Potassium Fulvic Acid on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Soil Microenvironment of Blueberry ( L.) Under Salt Stress.

These days, one of the main issues preventing agricultural development is salinized soils. Potassium fulvic acid (PFA) not only regulates plant growth, but also improves the soil nutrient content and physical structure, which makes it a soil conditioner worth promoting. Nevertheless, the research conducted thus far on the subject of PFA with regard to plant growth and inter-root microbial communities remains somewhat limited in scope.

Persistent cortical excitatory neuron dysregulation in adult haploinsufficient mice.

mutations cause autism spectrum disorder, cognitive deficits, and macrocephaly. mouse models exhibit macrocephaly and transcriptional pathology, with inconsistent findings regarding neurogenesis, neuron function, and behavior. Via stereology and single nucleus transcriptomics (snRNA-seq), we found increased cortical volume was not explained by increase in neuron number.

Voacamine initiates the PI3K/mTOR/Beclin1 pathway to induce autophagy and potentiate apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is notoriously prevalent as a malignant hematological neoplasm, and commonly prescribed combination chemotherapeutic treatments invariably involve unanticipated toxicities. Therefore, identifying potential single agent with definitive multi-target and multi-pathway anti-tumor properties is an emerging strategy for the effective treatment of AML.

Purpose: The present study aimed to investigate how voacamine (VOA) regulated apoptosis and autophagy to suppress the progression of AML.

Injectable and Conductive Polyurethane Gel with Load-Responsive Antibiosis for Sustained Root Canal Disinfection.

To address the limitations of conventional antibacterial therapies, we developed an injectable, conductive polyurethane-based composite gel system for sustained root canal disinfection. This gel incorporates piezoelectric nanoparticles (n-BaTiO) and conductive segments (aniline trimer, AT) within a polyurethane matrix, which synergistically interact with a static antimicrobial agent (n-ZnO) to achieve dynamic, mechano-responsive antibacterial activity. Under cyclic compression (simulating mastication), the piezoelectric gels exhibited enhanced electroactivity via the mechano-electric coupling effect, generating 2-fold higher voltage and a 1.

UV-guided separation of polyacetylenol glycosides from the edible roots of Codonopsis pilosula and their anti-inflammatory activity.

The UV-guided separation of polyacetylenes from the edible roots of Codonopsis pilosula resulted in the elucidation of nine previously undescribed C-polyacetylenol glycosides, named codonopilodiynosides II-VIII (1-7) and codonopiloenynenosides C and D (8 and 9), along with sixteen known analogues (10-25). The structures of the undescribed polyacetylenes were elucidated by spectroscopic data including UV, IR, HRESIMS, NMR, modified Mosher's analysis and Mo(OAc)-induced ECD experiments. The inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.

Effect of electrical stimulation generated by self-powered systems for tissue repair.

Bioelectricity plays an important role in tissue repair. Nanogenerators can harvest biomechanical energy and convert it into electrical signals, producing electrical stimulation (ES) for diverse biomedical applications including sensing, tissue repair, cardiac pacing, etc. This review focuses on the overview of the single or multifunctional role of ES generated by self-powered nanogenerators in bone and tendon, nerve, skin, and myocardial tissue repair.

Enantioselective Metabolism of Chiral Fungicide Prothioconazole by sp. Y-3 and Its Bioaugmentation.

Prothioconazole (PTC) is a kind of chiral triazole fungicide widely used in agricultural production, which can easily cause residual contamination and chiral selective toxicity. Microorganisms are the main participants involved in pollutant degradation in the environment. However, studies on the microbial enantioselective degradation of PTC and bioaugmentation of PTC-contaminated soil are still scarce.

Cross-Species Framework for Emotional Well-Being and Brain Aging: Lessons From Behavioral Neuroscience.

Importance: Emotional well-being (EWB) is an emerging therapeutic target for managing and preventing symptoms associated with Alzheimer disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, more research is needed to establish causal inferences between brain changes, EWB, and behavioral changes observed in typical aging and ADRD.

Observations: This article presents a framework for using a cross-species behavioral neuroscience approach to study EWB and brain aging, adopting a well-established biobehavioral model that highlights the reciprocal roles of brain changes, EWB, and ADRD symptoms.

Optimization of Online Moisture Prediction Model for Paddy in Low-Temperature Circulating Heat Pump Drying System with Artificial Neural Network.

The accurate prediction of moisture content is crucial for controlling the drying process of agricultural products. While existing studies on drying models often rely on laboratory-scale experiments with limited data, real-time and high-frequency data collection under industrial conditions remains underexplored. This study collected and constructed a multi-dimensional dataset using an industrial-grade data acquisition system specifically designed for heat pump low-temperature circulating dryers.

A Titanium Silicalite-1 (TS-1) Catalyst with Abundant Active Ti-VI Species for Efficient Conversion of Ethylene to Glycol.

One-pot synthesis of glycol from ethylene and HO is simple and environmentally friendly, making it a potential alternative for glycol production. The key to the success of this is to have a bifunctional catalyst with both oxidative activity for ethylene epoxidation and acidic centers for the hydration of ethylene oxide. Typically, the incorporation of trivalent metal ions into titanium silicalite-1 (TS-1) framework can provide the two types of active centers, but this often results in decreased oxidative activity.

First-Line Pembrolizumab Plus Chemotherapy for HER2-Negative Advanced Gastric Cancer: China Subgroup Analysis of the Randomized Phase 3 KEYNOTE-859 Study.

Introduction: Results of the global, randomized, phase 3 KEYNOTE-859 study (N = 1579) showed that first-line pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy produced a statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvement in overall survival (OS) with manageable toxicity versus placebo plus chemotherapy in patients with locally advanced or metastatic human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. This subgroup analysis was conducted to investigate outcomes in patients enrolled in mainland China.

Methods: Adults with previously untreated advanced or metastatic HER2-negative gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive pembrolizumab or placebo with fluoropyrimidine- and platinum-containing chemotherapy.

Multienzyme-Activity Sulfur Quantum Dot Nanozyme-Mediated Cascade Reactions in Whole-Stage Symptomatic Therapy of Infected Bone Defects.

Integrating the therapeutic efficacy of early bacterial clearance, midstage inflammatory remission, and late-stage effective tissue healing is considered a pivotal challenge in symptomatic treatment of infected bone defects (IBDs). Herein, a microenvironment-adaptive nanoplatform based on a sulfur quantum dot (SQD) nanozyme was proposed for whole-stage symptomatic therapy of IBDs by mediating the sequence of enzyme cascade reactions. The SQD nanozyme prepared by a size-engineering modification strategy exhibits enhanced multienzyme activity compared to conventional micrometer- and nanometer-sized sulfur particles.

Construction and verification of a risk prediction model of psychological distress in psychiatric nurses.

Background: Psychiatric nurses are more likely to experience psychological distress due to various factors in work and life. Establishing an early warning model of psychological distress for psychiatric nurses is helpful for reducing the incidence of psychological distress.

Aims: To explore the influencing factors of psychological distress in psychiatric nurses and construct and verify a risk prediction nomogram model.

Application of hybrid gate recurrent unit for in-store trajectory prediction based on indoor location system.

In field of location prediction, trajectory recognition is one of the most widely research issues. Since trajectory includes various information such as position, time, and speed, many scientific methods are applied to extracting meaningful features, and discovering valuable knowledges. This paper pays more attention on case study of in-store trajectory, and proposes a series of recurrent neural network (RNN) for location prediction based on trajectory.

EGCG-Modified Bioactive Core-Shell Fibers Modulate Oxidative Stress to Synergistically Promote Vascularized Bone Regeneration.

Oxidative stress induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) can adversely affect tissue repair, whereas endowing biomaterials with antioxidant activity can improve the in vivo microenvironment, thereby promoting angiogenesis and osteogenesis. Accordingly, this study utilized epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a material known for its reducing properties, oxidative self-polymerization capability, and strong binding characteristics, to modify a bioactive core-shell fibrous membrane (10RP-PG). Compared to the 10RP-PG fibrous membrane, the EGCG-modified fibrous membrane (E/10RP-PG) exhibited superior hydrophilicity, excellent cell adhesion, and compatibility.

Inhibition of the Integrated Stress Response Prevents Natural Forgetting and Corrects Accelerated Forgetting Associated with Epilepsy.

The neural mechanisms underlying the natural and maladaptive forgetting of established memory remain largely unknown. Brain disease states might hijack the physiological forgetting mechanisms, resulting in maladaptive forgetting such as accelerated forgetting that contributes to cognitive decline in various neurologic conditions including epilepsy. Based on the key role of the integrated stress response (ISR) in memory storage and maintenance, we determined whether the ISR underpins natural and accelerated forgetting.

Enhancing self-directed learning with custom GPT AI facilitation among medical students: A randomized controlled trial.

Objective: This study aims to assess the impact of LearnGuide, a specialized ChatGPT tool designed to support self-directed learning among medical students.

Materials And Methods: In this 14-week randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06276049), 103 medical students were assigned to either an intervention group, which received 12 weeks of problem-based training with LearnGuide support, or a control group, which received identical training without AI assistance.

Surface Tension of Two Near-Ideal Binary Liquid Mixtures and the Influence of Adjacent Vapors.

The measured surface tension of a binary liquid is found to depend strongly on the constituents of the adjacent vapor and on whether equilibrium has been achieved, giving insight into the complex interfacial configuration. This dependence is quantified by three techniques that offer complementary insights: surface tension measurements with a constrained sessile drop surrounded by different vapors, surface tension measurements by surface light scattering spectroscopy in a sealed cell at equilibrium, and molecular dynamics simulations of the equilibrium surface tension and excess surface concentration. Ensuring homogeneity of the binary liquid, which is essential for surface light scattering, was found to be nontrivial and was assured by high-sensitivity Schlieren imaging.

Fuzzy Adaptive Event-Triggered Consensus Control for Nonlinear Multiagent Systems Under Jointly Connected Switching Networks.

This article studies the fuzzy adaptive event-triggered (ET) consensus control issue of nonlinear multiagent systems (NMASs) under jointly connected switching networks. Since the leader and its high-order derivatives are unknown under jointly connected switching networks, a novel distributed ET reference generator equipped with an ET mechanism is constructed to estimate them. Meanwhile, the continuous information transmission among agents is avoided and the network channel utilization is optimized.