Microglial Membrane-Coated Biomimetic Nanoplatform for Enhanced Blood-Brain Barrier Penetration and Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Orthotopic Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) continues to pose a significant challenge in the field of neuro-oncology primarily because of the limited penetration of therapeutics across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the presence of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. To address these challenges, a HD-PEG@BM biomimetic nanoplatform (hereinafter referred to as HD-P@BM) is developed that cloaks the near-infrared II photosensitizer HD-PEG (HD-P) inside microglial membranes to enable enhanced BBB penetration and tumor-targeted delivery. In this study, it is found that the microglia-derived membranes enhanced the uptake of nanoparticles by both the glioma cells and tumor-associated microglia.

Exploring the potential transdiagnostic treatment effects of Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture on insomnia disorder comorbid with chronic pain: A scoping review.

Background: Over 20 % of adults with insomnia disorder also experience chronic pain, termed insomnia disorder comorbid with chronic pain (ICCP), increasing risks for physical and mental diseases. Current treatments like cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia show inconsistent pain relief, and non-opioid analgesics may exacerbate insomnia, underscoring the need for alternative approaches. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and acupuncture, guided by traditional Chinese medicine, may offer transdiagnostic benefits for ICCP, but a comprehensive review is lacking.

Polyphenols and Alzheimer's Disease: A Review on Molecular and Therapeutic Insights With In Silico Support.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation, tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation resulted the cognitive memory loss. Despite extensive research, effective therapeutic treatment remains elusive. Polyphenols, naturally occurring bioactive compounds, have emerged as promising neuroprotective agents due to their potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and amyloid-modulating properties.

YY1-induced USP43 drives ferroptosis suppression by FASN stabilization and subsequent activation of SLC7A11 in ovarian cancer.

The ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family is a major member of the deubiquitinating enzyme family that plays important and diverse roles in multiple tumors. The roles and mechanisms of action of USP family members in ovarian cancer are not well understood. This study aimed to screen all the USP family members and explored the specific function of USP43 in ovarian cancer.

Evidence that mitochondria in macrophages are destroyed by microautophagy.

Microautophagy is an intracellular degradation process in which degradatory organelles, such as the lysosome, directly take up substrates by invagination and/or protrusion of their membranes. Here, we provide evidence that Rab32-positive, lysosome-related organelles in macrophages incorporate various other organelles, including endosomes and mitochondria. Our data indicates that, upon exposure to a mitochondria-damaging reagent, mitochondria can be directly engulfed by the lysosome-like organelles independently of macroautophagy or ESCRT machinery.

Whole genome resequencing reveals genetic markers for plumage colour in Jingyuan Chicken.

In order to investigate the basic genetic structure of plumage colour in Jingyuan chicken and to explore the genetic markers for plumage colour development, the present study was carried out to investigate the candidate key SNPs and candidate genes regulating black, linen and white plumage and plumage traits of Jingyuan chicken by using selection signal analysis and genome-wide association analysis. Selection signal analyses showed that including 30, 40 and 18 overlapping genes were associated with black, linen and white plumage colours in Jingyuan chicken. Meanwhile, integrative genomic analyses identified BCAT1, LMO3, and PIK3C2G as primary candidates for black plumage, and IL1RAPL1 for white plumage, with all genes showing convergent support across multiple complementary approaches.

Mg²⁺-modified corncob biochar and natural zeolite significantly enhanced simultaneous N and P recovery from livestock wastewater.

Livestock and poultry farming effluents (LPFE) have become a significant source of pollution in the agricultural water environment, with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) being the major pollutants. The use of inexpensive Mg2+ -modified materials as crystallization carriers can enhance the struvite crystallization and precipitation reaction, enabling efficient recovery of N and P nutrients from LPFE. In this study, Mg2+ -modified corncob biochar (CCBC-Mg) and Mg2+ -modified natural zeolite (NZ-Mg) were assessed for their simultaneous recovery of N and P from LPFE.

The efficacy of early facial nerve decompression in treating severe Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

Background: The incidence of Ramsay Hunt syndrome (RHS) has significantly increased in recent years, highlighting the need to explore effective surgical treatment strategies.

Methods: A total of 12 patients with severe RHS who visited our hospital from January 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively included. The results of neuroelectrophysiological examination of the affected and healthy sides of all patients at baseline, 1 month postoperatively, 3 months postoperatively, 6 months postoperatively, and 12 months postoperatively were counted.

Quasi-Solid-State ECL Immunosensor Based on Adenine-Incorporated MOFs Adsorption and Electrochemical Release of Ru(bpy) for Signal Enhancement.

Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunosensors are widely used for cancer marker detection due to their high selectivity, but their reuse is limited by the need for electrode reconditioning after each assay, hindering large-scale application. In our work, a novel quasi-solid-state ECL immunosensor is designed. A gel-cast cellulose membrane is used as our sensor platform, providing a new location for biomolecular-specific identification.

A Facile Method for Assessing Intra Cellular Stability and Co-localization of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA Using Confocal Microscopy.

Messenger RNA (mRNA)-based CRISPR-Cas9 delivery is considered an advanced gene-editing strategy due to its rapid onset, transient expression, and reduced off-target effects, building on the success of mRNA therapeutics. However, challenges remain, particularly in efficiently co-delivering both Cas9 mRNA and single guide RNA (sgRNA). Here, we describe a straightforward fluorescence-labeling method for tracking the co-localization and stability of Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA in cells using confocal microscopy.

Bimetallic phenolic network nanoparticles mitigate ischemic stroke by alleviating neuroinflammation and promoting vascular normalization.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a serious cerebrovascular disease. Due to its complex pathophysiological mechanisms and the limitation of drug delivery by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), current treatments for IS still struggle to achieve ideal outcomes. In this study, a multifunctional bimetallic phenolic network nanoparticle (Sr/Mn@Rh) formed via simple metal-phenolic coordination-driven self-assembly of Mn²⁺, Sr²⁺, and rutin hydrate (Rh) was developed for IS therapy.

Exploring a Quantitative Formula for the Total Surgical Amount in Patients With Type III Acute Acquired Concomitant Esotropia.

Purpose: To establish a dose-response reference for surgical planning in type III acute acquired concomitant esotropia (AACE).

Methods: This study included consecutive patients who underwent unilateral or bilateral medial rectus recession for type III AACE or common forms of esotropia correction from January 2019 to August 2023. All patients with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were analyzed.

Autonomous robotic system-assisted trans-inferior alveolar nerve implantation for patient diagnosed with pemphigoid: a case report.

Background: Inadequate bone height and the proximity of the inferior alveolar nerve following vertical resorption of the mandibular alveolar ridge pose great challenges for dental implant surgery. Pemphigoid is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting both the skin and mucous membranes. The presence of autoantibodies and the ongoing inflammatory response significantly impair the skin's ability to heal in pemphigoid patients, thus necessitating a minimally invasive surgical approach.

Decoration of Metal-Organic Frameworks with Coenzyme Mimics for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production.

Despite remarkable progress achieved in biomimetic catalysis, the majority of studies have primarily concentrated on mimicking the structures of catalytic sites in metalloenzymes, while frequently neglecting the crucial roles of multifunctional coenzymes therein. In this study, the coenzyme mimics of nicotinic acid (NA) and 3-carboxy-1-methylpyridinium iodide (NA-Me, simply denoted as NM) have been modified onto the metal-organic framework UiO-66-NH, affording UiO-66-X (X═NA, NM) with varying the degree of mimicry for the nicotinamide nucleotide coenzyme. Remarkably, UiO-66-NM showcases approximately five- and seven-fold activity higher than UiO-66-NA and the pristine UiO-66-NH, respectively, in the photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Progress on small non-coding RNAs in male reproductive development and intergenerational inheritance.

Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are crucial in epigenetics, playing a significant regulatory role in the normal development and intergenerational inheritance of male reproduction. Research has shown that highly expressed sncRNAs, including miRNAs, piRNAs, and tsRNAs, are vital in maintaining male germ cell development and spermatogenesis. sncRNAs regulate gene expression, influence protein translation, and modify sperm epigenetics, contributing to male reproductive development at various stages.

Edible cellulose-based photonic crystals with low-temperature response for food sensing.

Responsive photonic crystals offer the advantages of zero energy consumption and easy recognition, making them ideal for food sensing applications. Temperature monitoring during food storage is crucial for ensuring food safety. However, non-toxic, safe, food-grade temperature sensors are still limited, and tuning the responsive range to accommodate extremely low temperatures remains a significant challenge.

X-UNet:A novel global context-aware collaborative fusion U-shaped network with progressive feature fusion of codec for medical image segmentation.

Due to the inductive bias of convolutions, CNNs perform hierarchical feature extraction efficiently in the field of medical image segmentation. However, the local correlation assumption of inductive bias limits the ability of convolutions to focus on global information, which has led to the performance of Transformer-based methods surpassing that of CNNs in some segmentation tasks in recent years. Although combining with Transformers can solve this problem, it also introduces computational complexity and considerable parameters.

Insect dome receptor directly recognizes viral envelopes to activate JAK/STAT signaling and induce conserved antiviral viperin expression.

Insect Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway plays a crucial role in antiviral defense, yet how arboviruses activate this pathway remains unclear. Here, we reveal that outer capsid protein of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) arbovirus (rice gall dwarf virus, RGDV) directly binds the Dome receptor's extracellular domain, triggering receptor dimerization and JAK/STAT activation. Structural and mutational analyses pinpoint cysteine 743 in Dome as essential for viral recognition, establishing Dome as the first identified viral pattern recognition receptor (PRR) in insects capable of initiating JAK/STAT signaling, a pathway previously thought to be exclusively cytokine dependent.

Numerical optimization of Nd-doped fiber oscillators for broadband and high-power 0.9 µm emission.

High-power 0.9 µm lasers have garnered significant interest due to their potential applications in laser pumping and blue-green light generation. However, as one of the promising implementation methods, the Nd-doped fiber (NDF) lasers have only recently reached a hundred-watt-level output power at 0.

Highly sensitive magnetic field sensor based on the long-period gratings inscribed in the tapered fiber at the dispersion turning point.

We demonstrate a highly sensitive magnetic field sensor based on a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) packaged with magnetic fluid (MF). The LPFG is inscribed in a tapered single-mode fiber (SMF) at the dispersion turning point (DTP). By tapering the fiber, the evanescent field of the fiber is enhanced, thereby improving the refractive index sensitivity of the LPFG.

Tumor-microenvironment triggered Mn-Gd based nanosystem for breast carcinoma suppression via synergistic radiotherapy and glutathione-depleting along with glucose oxidase combination enhanced Ros storm.

Background: Cancer treatment commonly involves radiation as a primary therapy, affecting nearly two-thirds of patients. The use of combination therapies is gaining traction, with the aim of achieving synergistic effects through the pharmacological interactions of multiple treatments.

Methods And Results: In this study, we present a Mn-Gd-based bimetallic nanoplatform resembling a virus, designed with a rough surface for anchoring glucose oxidase enzymes (GOx) and coating with extracellular vehicles (EVs) on the outer layer (VMn-Gd@GOx-EVs).

Differential plasma proteome analysis reveals key proteins associated with insulin resistance in acne vulgaris patients.

Acne vulgaris (AV) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a complex pathogenesis, and its association with insulin resistance (IR) remains unclear. This study aimed to identify differential proteins linking AV and IR to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Plasma proteomic profiling by using LC-MS/MS was performed on 90 AV patients (with IR [n = 40], without IR [n = 50]) and 30 healthy controls (with IR [n = 11], without IR [n = 19]).

ADAR1-mediated RNA editing in breast cancer: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Breast cancer (BC) continues to be among the most widespread and clinically demanding cancers globally, resulting in significant illness and death, even with progress in early detection and treatment approaches. Traditional therapeutic modalities, including surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, often fail in the face of drug resistance, metastasis, and the invasion. Consequently, a pressing demand exists for new biomarkers and treatment approaches to enhance clinical results.

The efficacy and peripheral blood predictors in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Introduction: The prognostic factors associated with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy need to be identified.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the efficacy of ICI therapy in patients with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer at our center. The number of CD8 + T cells and the expression of PD-L1 were assessed using immunohistochemical assays.