Autophagy in inflammatory bowel disease: immunization, etiology, and therapeutic potential.

Please confirm that the below Frontiers AI generated Alt-Text is an accurate visual description of your Figure(s). These Figure Alt-text proposals won't replace your figure captions and will not be visible on your article. If you wish to make any changes, kindly provide the exact revised Alt-Text you would like to use, ensuring that the word-count remains at approximately 100 words for best accessibility results.

Numerical optimization of Nd-doped fiber oscillators for broadband and high-power 0.9 µm emission.

High-power 0.9 µm lasers have garnered significant interest due to their potential applications in laser pumping and blue-green light generation. However, as one of the promising implementation methods, the Nd-doped fiber (NDF) lasers have only recently reached a hundred-watt-level output power at 0.

When "Aging" meets "Intelligence": smart health cognition and intentions of older adults in rural Western China.

Background: Population aging is occurring at an unprecedented pace, rendering "healthy aging" a critical issue of global importance. China is at the forefront of this demographic transformation and faces substantial challenges, especially in its western rural regions. In this context, smart health technology, propelled by advancements in medical care and information technology, emerges as a vital strategy to address the challenges associated with aging.

Effects of work cessation on cognitive functioning in rural older adults in China: a cross-sectional study based on CHARLS.

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of work cessation on cognitive function among older adults in rural China. Given that cognitive disorders affect 6.04% of individuals aged 60 and above-with higher prevalence in rural areas-understanding this relationship is critical.

Assessing playgrounds ultraviolet radiation (UVR) environments in College Station, Texas: Creating UVR-safe environments for children.

The design of playground environments significantly influences children's exposure to Ultraviolet Radiation (UVR), which impacts long-term health. Excessive UVR exposure can lead to serious health issues such as skin cancer. Adequate UVR is crucial for vitamin D synthesis, which supports cardiovascular and skeletal development.

Polyphyllin Ⅵ modulates macrophage polarization through autophagy-NLRP3 inflammasome to alleviate inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal tract with a rising global prevalence. If left untreated, it can result in severe complications, including colon cancer. Key factors in IBD pathogenesis include macrophages, NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3), and autophagy.

Micro- and Macroenvironment and Habitat Influences on Tick Abundance in Oklahoma City Urban Parks.

Most studies on tick-borne diseases in the United States have focused on suburban and rural areas, leaving a gap in understanding risks in cities, where environmental conditions and human-tick interactions differ. Recent research has examined microhabitat effects on tick abundance but are limited in spatial and temporal scope. Tick behavior, such as host seeking, is shaped by local environmental factors and remains underexplored in urban landscapes.

Risk factors of stroke-associated pneumonia in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated by endovascular thrombectomy.

Background: Although there are a variety of risk factors and predictive models for stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), the risk factors and predictive value for SAP in patients with AIS treated by endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of SAP in acute ischemic stroke patients treated with EVT and identify independent predictors of SAP.

Methods: We enrolled patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) at the stroke center of Maoming People's Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023.

Construction of a prediction and visualization system for cognitive impairment in elderly COPD patients based on self-assigning feature weights and residual evolution model.

Background: Assessing cognitive function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for ensuring treatment efficacy and avoiding moderate cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. We aimed to build better machine learning models and provide useful tools to provide better guidance and assistance for COPD patients' treatment and care.

Methods: A total of 863 COPD patients from a local general hospital were collected and screened, and they were separated into two groups: cognitive impairment (356 patients) and cognitively normal (507 patients).

Preparation and performance analysis of zinc-iron-based nanomaterials for targeted transport.

Background: Nanomaterials have applications in traditional Chinese medicine in the fields of medical equipment manufacturing, targeted transportation, and drug synergistic therapy.

Objective: The research aims to discuss the performance and performance of zinc-iron-based nanomaterials in medical drug delivery and synergistic drug therapy.

Methods: Using Prussian materials as precursors, magnetic zinc-iron nanomaterials were prepared by ZnCl and K[Fe (CN)].

Cell membrane-inspired chitosan nanoparticles for prolonged circulation and tumor-targeted drug delivery.

Conventional chemotherapy is challenged by its inherent limitations. As an emerging drug delivery system, nanoparticles are easily eliminated by the immune system due to their exogenous nature. Moreover, the lack of long-circulation and tumor-targeting greatly limits their application.

Whey protein effects on properties and structure of hairtail surimi gel.

Whey protein was added to hairtail surimi gel (HSG), the properties and structural changes were determined, and whey protein effects on them were investigated after incorporating 0.00% to 10.00% whey protein.

High-resolution direct magnetic resonance imaging fistulography with hydrogen peroxide for diagnosing anorectal fistula: A preliminary retrospective study.

Background: Fistula-in-ano is an abnormal tunnel formation linking the anal canal with the perineum and perianal skin. Multiple imagining methods are available to evaluate it, among which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most advanced noninvasive preoperative method. However, it is limited in its visualization function.

Defects Calculation and Accelerated Interfacial Charge Transfer in a Photoactive MOF-Based Heterojunction.

Photocatalytic hydrogen production is currently considered a clean and sustainable route to meet the energy and environmental issues. Among, heterojunction photocatalysts have been developed to improve their photocatalytic efficiency. Defect engineering of heterojunction photocatalysts is attractive due to it can perform as electron trap and change the band structure to optimize the interfacial separation rate of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.

scMMO-atlas: a single cell multimodal omics atlas and portal for exploring fine cell heterogeneity and cell dynamics.

Single-cell multimodal sequencing parallelly captures multiple modalities of the same cell, providing unparalleled insights into cell heterogeneity and cell dynamics. For example, joint profiling of chromatin accessibility and transcriptome from the same single cell (scATAC + RNA) identified new cell subsets within the well-defined clusters. However, lack of single-cell multimodal omics (scMMO) database has led to data fragmentation, seriously hindering access, utilization and mining of scMMO data.

Predictors of response to accelerated rTMS in the treatment of treatment-resistant depression.

Accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising treatment for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). We aimed to investigate the existence of clinical predictive factors in response to accelerated rTMS in the treatment of TRD. In total, 119 TRD patients who received accelerated rTMS were included in this study.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 improves insulin sensitivity by modulating the bile acid-gut microbiota axis in type Ⅱ diabetic mice.

Background: Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is an important regulator of glycolipid metabolism. However, whether the gut microbiota is related to the anti-diabetic and obesity effects of FGF21 remains unclear.

Methods: Our research used KO/KO db/db male mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced to simulate the construction of two type II diabetic mellitus (T2DM) models, and detected impaired glucose tolerance in the model by using the ipGTT and ITT assays, and collected feces from the model mice for sequencing of the intestinal flora and the content of short-chain fatty acids.

The influence of task-irrelevant color perception on flanker task performance: Insights from behavioral and ERP data.

Perception of color as a task-relevant stimulus can affect cognition and behavior in the flanker task; however, it remains unclear whether it has the same impact when it is a task-irrelevant stimulus dimension. To this end, we applied four-letter flanker tasks with or without colored (red/blue) to 23 healthy young adults, while recording the event-related potentials (ERPs) and behavioral performance. The flanker task included four kinds of color types: non-color letter (NC), all color letter (AC), flanker color letter (FC), and target color letter (TC), each flanker task included congruent and incongruent conditions.

Interaction between visual working memory and upright postural control in young adults: an event-related potential study based on the n-back paradigm.

As a part of the overall information-processing system of the brain, postural control is related to the cognitive processes of working memory. Previous studies have suggested that cognitive tasks and postural control processes can compete for resources in common brain areas, although there is an "inverted U" relationship between arousal level and behavioral control - the arousal level of individuals changes when performing cognitive tasks. However, the exact neural connections between the two are unclear.

FOXP3 targets KIF5A to increase lactate production and promote docetaxel resistance in lung adenocarcinoma.

A prominent cause of cancer-related fatalities with a poor prognosis is lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). KIF5A, a crucial member of the kinesin superfamily, is linked to drug resistance in malignancies. This work aims to investigate the mechanism of KIF5A in docetaxel (DTX) resistance in LUAD cells.

Decreased GATA3 levels cause changed mouse cutaneous innate lymphoid cell fate, facilitating hair follicle recycling.

In mice, skin-resident type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) exhibit some ILC3-like characteristics. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we observed lower expression of the ILC2 master regulator GATA3 specifically in cutaneous ILC2s (cILC2s) compared with canonical ILC2s, in line with its functionally divergent role in transcriptional control in cILC2s.

Genetic mechanisms underlying local spontaneous brain activity in episodic migraine.

Advances in neuroimaging techniques during the past few decades have captured impaired functional brain activity in migraine disorders, yet the molecular mechanisms accounting for its alterations in migraine remain largely unknown. A total of 27 patients with episodic migraine (EM) and 30 matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Regional homogeneity (ReHo), low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF) of fMRI were compared between the two groups.

Boosting Hydrogen Production of a MOF-based Multicomponent Photocatalyst with Clean Interface via Facile One-pot Electrosynthesis.

Hydrogen production from photocatalysis via the usage of multicomponent photocatalysts represents a promising pathway for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, owing to their structural advantages in dealing with the three crucial processes in photocatalysis, namely, light harvesting, charge transfer, and surface redox reactions. We demonstrate the fabrication of a MOF-based multicomponent photocatalyst, denoted as semiconductor/MOF/cocatalyst, by a one-pot electrochemical synthetic route. The as-fabricated multicomponent photocatalyst has a clean interface among the components, leading to close connections that contribute to high-quality heterojunction and facilitate photogenerated charge transfer and separation, thereby the efficient hydrogen evolution.