Adoptive transfer of third-party donor CMV-specific T cells for refractory cytomegalovirus infection following umbilical cord blood transplantation.

Refractory cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a severe complication following umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT). Antiviral agents, the standard first-line therapy, are limited by toxicity and resistance without robust T-cell immunity. We evaluated third-party donor (TPD)-derived CMV-specific T cells (CMVSTs) as a treatment option.

Sequential intrathoracic injection and intravenous infusion of BCMA CAR-T cells in a patient with relapsed/refractory primary plasma cell leukemia.

Patients with primary plasma cell leukemia (pPCL), particularly those with extramedullary disease (EMD), face a poor prognosis even with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. This case report describes a patient with relapsed/refractory pPCL and life-threatening malignant pleural effusion (PE) treated with intrapleural CAR-T cells targeting B-cell maturation antigens. CAR-T cell expansion within the PE was observed, along with a rapid reduction in leukemia cell count and PE volume.

Monatomic glass formation through competing order balance.

The phase transformation of single-element systems is a fundamental natural process with broad implications, yet many aspects remain puzzling despite their simplicity. For instance, transition metals, Tantalum (Ta) and Zirconium (Zr), commonly form body-centred cubic crystals when supercooled. However, according to large-scale computer simulations, their crystallisation rates can differ by over 100 times.

Giant two-photon upconversion from 2D exciton in doubly-resonant plasmonic nanocavity.

Photon upconversion through high harmonic generation, multiphoton absorption, Auger recombination and phonon scattering performs a vital role in energy conversion and renormalization. Considering the reduced dielectric screening and enhanced Coulomb interactions, semiconductor monolayers provide a promising platform to explore photon upconversion at room temperature. Additionally, two-photon upconversion was recently demonstrated as an emerging technique to probe the excitonic dark states due to the extraordinary selection rule compared with conventional excitation.

Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and unifocal verrucous leukoplakia in China: a comparative retrospective cohort study.

Objective: There are limited data regarding the association and differentiation between proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) and unifocal verrucous leukoplakia (UVL).

Methods: We retrospectively recruited oral leukoplakia (OL) patients from 2010 to 2024, analyzing the demographic, clinical, histopathological features, and malignant transformation of PVL and UVL.

Results: Among 1756 OL subjects, PVL and UVL accounted for 1.

Estradiol alleviates disease phenotypes caused by m.3635G > a mutations by activating mitochondrial biogenesis and PINK1-Parkin mediated mitophagy in iPSC-derived retinal pigment epithelium cells.

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a mitochondrial disorder marked by central vision loss, exhibits incomplete penetrance and male predominance. Since there are no adequate models for understanding the rapid vision loss associated with LHON, we generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from LHON patients carrying the pathogenic m.3635G > A mutation and differentiated them into retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells.

CB2R-cAMP-Epac1 Pathway Orchestrates Epithelial-Neural-Immune Interactions in Atopic Dermatitis.

Background: Keratinocytes form the skin's first line of defense, not only serving as a physical barrier but also actively communicating with immune cells and sensory neurons.

Objective: To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which keratinocytes contribute to barrier dysfunction and neuroimmune activation in atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods: CB2R expression was assessed by RNA-seq, qRT-PCR, RNAscope fluorescence, and western blot.

Functional characterization of two Caspase-1 transcripts that associated with ASC and NLRC3 in apoptosis and inflammatory response in large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea.

As a member of the inflammatory caspases, Caspase-1 can increase the host inflammatory response against pathogen invasion and also function dominantly in apoptosis. In this study, we cloned and obtained two transcripts of Caspase-1 in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea), namely Lc-Caspase-1_tv1 and Lc-Caspase-1_tv2. The ORF of Lc-Caspase-1_tv1 is 1,239 bp, whereas Lc-Caspase-1_tv2 is 1,167 bp in length, encoding a protein of 412 and 388 aa, and both of which contains a CARD and a CASc domain.

Texture and flavor switchable emulsion gels for replaced fat with improved mouthfeel and aromatic characteristics.

Plant-based fat replacers have attracted considerable interest owing to their contributions to environmental sustainability, animal welfare, and health benefits. Their textural properties and flavor release behavior during processing are key determinants of their quality. Herein, a dual-network gel was produced using gellan gum and curdlan, which are thermally reversible and irreversible gel samples, respectively.

A novel molecularly imprinted 3D COF-based magnetic solid-phase extraction combined with UHPLC-MS/MS to detect trace residues of acyclovir, penciclovir and ganciclovir in animal-derived food.

The residues of antiviral drugs acyclovir (ACV), penciclovir (PCV) and ganciclovir (GCV) in foods, particularly in ready-to-eat products, pose a significant threat to human health, making it urgent to develop a rapid and sensitive method for their detection. Herein, we designed a novel magnetic molecularly imprinted three-dimensional covalent organic framework (MICOF@FeO) for selective extraction of these antiviral drugs from complicated food matrix. The prepared MICOF@FeO integrates molecular recognition ability, 3D COF structural advantages and magnetic responsiveness, providing high selectivity, large adsorption capacity and facile operation for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE).

CrossNeXt: ConvNeXt-based cross-teaching with entropy minimization for semi-supervised liver segmentation from abdominal MRI.

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence have significantly enhanced the efficiency of abdominal MRI segmentation, thereby improving the screening and diagnosis of liver diseases. However, accurate precise liver segmentation in MRI remains a challenging task due to the high variability in liver morphology and the limited availability of high-quality annotated datasets. To address these challenges, this study presents an advanced semi-supervised learning framework that integrates cross-teaching with pseudo-label generation and intra-batch entropy minimization.

Airborne human-associated ARGs in municipal wastewater treatment plants.

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bioaerosols pose significant health hazards to humans because of their inhalability. Municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) are one of the typical sources of bioaerosol generation. However, there is a lack of clear understanding of human-associated ARGs (HA-ARGs) in bioaerosols from MWTPs.

Prenatal exposure to synthetic antioxidants and plasticizers and spontaneous preterm birth: Preliminary exploration of mixed effects and EGFR-linked molecular responses.

Synthetic antioxidants and plasticizers have emerged as environmental contaminants to which prenatal exposure is widespread, raising concerns about adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between prenatal exposure to a mixture of synthetic antioxidants and plasticizers and the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (SPB), alongside underlying molecular responses. A nested case-control design was established, including 80 SPB cases and 170 matched healthy controls.

Improvement of oat β-glucan on the quality deterioration of frozen wheat dough and steamed bread.

Investigating how cereal-derived polysaccharides mitigate the cold denaturation of dough carries substantial significance for improving the quality of cereal-based products. This study aimed to assess the effects of laboratory-prepared oat β-glucan and commercial oat β-glucan on the structural properties and quality of wheat flour, frozen dough, and the resultant steamed bread. Our data indicated that β-glucan with higher molecular weight (1.

Unlocking potential of blast furnace slag: CO adsorption performance and mechanism of slag-derived zeolite.

For meeting requirements of "green steel" and "circular economy", there was great potential and value to synthesize CO adsorbent with low price and excellent performance by using multiple solid wastes. In this study, a novel method was proposed to synthesize zeolite by blast furnace slag. CO adsorption isotherm, thermodynamic and kinetic were investigated comprehensively.

Exploring ecosystem services and interconnections in nearshore islands for spatial planning: Insights from China.

As climate change, urbanization, and marine exploitation intensify, understanding nearshore island ecosystem services (IESs) is essential for ensuring ecological protection and sustainable development. This study maps the spatiotemporal dynamics of six key ecosystem services (ESs) across 295 nearshore Chinese islands, including food production (FP), water yield (WY), soil conservation (SC), carbon storage (CS), and habitat quality (HQ) (2000-2022), and tourism and recreation (TR) (2012-2022). Using spatial autocorrelation, Slope trend analysis, per-pixel Pearson correlation, and K-means clustering, the study quantifies the trade-offs and synergies, identifies constraint characteristics, and delineates ecological functional zones for island classification.

Approved alkyne-containing drugs: A review of their pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic applications.

The alkynyl group is vital in organic chemistry. It frequently occurs in natural compounds. Alkynyl -containing pharmaceuticals include contraceptive, anti-Parkinsonian, anti-HIV, and antifungal agents.

Analyzing the toxicological effects of PET-MPs on male infertility: Insights from network toxicology, mendelian randomization, and transcriptomics.

Current research indicates that polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (PET-MPs) may significantly impair male reproductive function. This study aimed to investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying this impairment. Potential gene targets of PET-MPs were predicted via the SwissTargetPrediction database.

Construction of Zeolite Framework-Anchored Rh-(O-Zn) Sites for Ethylene Hydroformylation.

Zeolite-confined Rh-based catalysts have emerged as promising heterogeneous candidates for olefin hydroformylation. However, they face challenges of reactant- and product-induced Rh leaching and aggregation. Herein, zeolite framework-anchored Rh-(O-Zn) sites were designed and are shown to have remarkable activity and stability for gas-phase ethylene hydroformylation.

Skin-adaptive focused flexible micromachined ultrasound transducers for wearable cardiovascular health monitoring.

Continuous monitoring of cardiovascular vital signs can reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular diseases, yet cannot be implemented by current technologies because of device bulkiness and rigidity. Here, we report self-adhesive and skin-conformal ultrasonic transducer arrays that enable wearable monitoring of multiple hemodynamic parameters without interfering with daily activities. A skin-adaptive focused ultrasound method with rational array design is proposed to implement measurement under wide ranges of skin curvatures and depths with improved sensing performances.

Characterization of strontium-rich groundwater in a typical alpine basin on Tibetan Plateau: Implications for sustainable exploitation and development.

This study focuses on mineral groundwater in alpine regions and its sustainable exploitation. The Tongde basin on Tibetan Plateau was investigated to reveal the hydrochemistry and formation of mineral groundwater in alpine basins and its sustainable development under anthropogenic disturbances. The results show that groundwater there is characterized by enriched strontium, with concentrations in the range of 0.

YOLOv11-WBD: A wavelet-bidirectional network with dilated perception for robust metal surface defect detection.

In the field of quality control, metal surface defect detection is an important yet challenging task. Although YOLO models perform well in most object detection scenarios, metal surface images under operational conditions often exhibit coexisting high-frequency noise components and spectral aliasing background textures, and defect targets typically exhibit characteristics such as small scale, weak contrast, and multi-class coexistence, posing challenges for automatic defect detection systems. To address this, we introduce concepts including wavelet decomposition, cross-attention, and U-shaped dilated convolution into the YOLO framework, proposing the YOLOv11-WBD model to enhance feature representation capability and semantic mining effectiveness.

CK2 derived from brain microvascular endothelial cells induces astrocyte inflammatory response in Escherichia coli-induced meningitis.

Neuroinflammation within the central nervous system (CNS) is recognized as a critical pathological process in meningitic Escherichia coli (E. coli) infection, leading to severe neurodegenerative disorders and long-term sequelae. Astrocyte reactivity plays a pivotal role in driving the neuroinflammatory cascade in response to pathological stimuli from peripheral sources or other cellular components of the CNS.

Decoding binocular color differences via EEG signals: linking ERP dynamics to chromatic disparity in CIELAB space.

This study explores how differences in colors presented separately to each eye (binocular color differences) can be identified through EEG signals, a method of recording electrical activity from the brain. Four distinct levels of green-red color differences, defined in the CIELAB color space with constant luminance and chroma, are investigated in this study. Analysis of Event-Related Potentials (ERPs) revealed a significant decrease in the amplitude of the P300 component as binocular color differences increased, suggesting a measurable brain response to these differences.