Hepatotoxicity induced by polylactic acid microplastics: The mediating role of gut microbiota and uric acid metabolism.

Introduction: The increasing use of biodegradable plastics has led to the inevitable human consumption of biodegradable microplastics (MPs). These MPs can be degraded and absorbed into various organs and tissues via the gastrointestinal tract, with the liver being the primary target for digestion and absorption.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the toxic effects and mechanisms of biodegradable MPs on the liver following gastrointestinal degradation.

Mechanically robust and highly conductive polyacrylamide/carboxymethyl chitosan organohydrogels via synergistic physical interactions for flexible sensing.

Conductive hydrogels have revolutionized wearable electronics due to their biocompatibility and tunable properties. However, it remains a great challenge for hydrogel-based sensors to maintain both conductivity and mechanical integrity in harsh environments. Synergistic dynamic interactions provide a promising strategy to address this issue.

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B drives gastric cancer and epithelial-mesenchymal transition via the Akt-GSK3β-Wnt pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with metastasis critically impacting prognosis. Splicing factors are key regulators of tumorigenesis, particularly in metastasis. In this exploratory study, we investigated the role and mechanism of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B (HNRNPAB) in GC cell invasion and migration.

An HIV fusion-inhibitory lipopeptide provides robust post-exposure prophylaxis and prevents viral reservoir seeding in macaques.

LP-98 is a lipopeptide HIV fusion inhibitor showing strong treatment and pre-exposure prophylaxis efficacies in non-human primates. In this study, we further characterized its pharmacokinetics, long-lasting antiviral activity, and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) efficacy using 62 macaques. In cynomolgus macaques, LP-98 achieved high concentrations (C) with a half-life (T) of ∼31 h, and sustained an effective therapeutic concentration for two weeks post-injection.

Rhapontigenin attenuates neurodegeneration in a parkinson's disease model by downregulating mtDNA-cGAS-STING-NF-κB-mediated neuroinflammation via PINK1/DRP1-dependent microglial mitophagy.

Microglial activation-induced neuroinflammation and impaired neuronal mitophagy are recognized as pivotal pathogeneses in Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the role of microglial mitophagy in microglial activation during PD development remains unclear, and therapeutic interventions targeting this interaction are lacking. Rhapontigenin (Rhap), a stilbenoid enriched in Vitis vinifera, exhibits dual anti-neuroinflammatory and mitophagy-enhancing properties, but its therapeutic potential and mechanisms in PD are unexplored.

Genetic burden and multidimensional predictors in prenatal diagnosis of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

This study aims to assess the genetic burden of fetal congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and identify prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal predictors to improve early diagnosis, monitoring, and intervention. This study included 130 CDH fetuses who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis, with fetal prognosis evaluated using imaging parameters such as observed-to-expected lung-to-head ratio (o/e LHR), observed-to-expected total lung volume (o/e TLV), and percent predicted lung volume (PPLV). Clinical outcomes included neonatal outcomes, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) requirement, and post-neonatal prognosis.

A host/guest assembled hyaluronic acid-based supramolecular hydrogel with NIR-steered degradation capacity for enhanced tumor therapy through programmable drug release.

Recently, a variety of stimulus-responsive hydrogel platforms have been developed, specifically designed to respond to changes in physiological signals within the disease microenvironment. However, due to the restricted regulation of drug release behavior in vivo by such hydrogel systems, the precise control of drug release kinetics has not been achieved. Therefore, developing precise drug delivery platforms that enable programmable and "on-off" delivery remains a challenge in this field.

PRDX3 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma tumor growth by regulating PINK1/Parkin pathway-dependent lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a challenging malignancy characterized by aggressive progression and limited therapeutic efficacy. Emerging evidence implicates peroxiredoxin 3 (PRDX3), a mitochondrial peroxidase, as a critical regulator of redox homeostasis and mitochondrial integrity. Given its role in modulating cell death through mitochondrial quality control, we investigated the therapeutic potential of targeting PRDX3 in NPC.

Long-chain PFAS potently disrupt renal carboxylesterase activity and exacerbate nephrotoxicity: an investigation of the chain length-dependent nephrotoxicity of PFAS.

Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are recognized as critical environmental health hazards, however, their toxicity mechanisms in specific organ systems remain poorly characterized. This study systematically investigated the chain length-dependent nephrotoxicity of PFAS and their inhibitory effects on renal carboxylesterase (CES) activity. In vitro experiments revealed that PFAS were cytotoxic to Human Kidney-2 (HK-2) cells in a dose-dependent and chain length-dependent manner.

DDX55 safeguards naïve T cell homeostasis by suppressing activation-promoting transposable elements.

Naïve T cells are maintained in a homeostatic state to preserve a stable T cell pool with diverse T cell receptor (TCR) repertoires, ensuring preparedness for priming. However, the underlying mechanisms controlling naïve T cell homeostasis and priming remain unclear. Leveraging a machine learning-based functional genetic screen, we identified () as the top factor responsible for naïve T cell homeostasis.

Using Machine Learning to Predict Advanced-Stage Progression of Intermediate-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Transarterial Chemoembolization.

Purpose To develop and test a machine learning (ML)-based model that integrates preoperative variables for prediction of advanced-stage progression (ASP) after transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Materials and Methods This multicenter retrospective study (ResearchRegistry.com identifier no.

Hollow Cu/Pt Interspersed GO Nanosheets Cascade Triggering Catalytic Signal Amplification for Colorimetric/SERS Sensing of in Clinical Samples.

Rapid and precise detection of () is crucial for early diagnosis, treatment of infectious ailments, and controlling outbreaks. Herein, we present a rapid, streamlined, and sensitive method for screening based on a hollow copper/platinum interspersed graphene oxide nanosheets (Cu/Pt-GO)-mediated cascade responsiveness strategy. The Cu/Pt-GO nanozymes were proposed to catalyze the colorless 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to colored oxidized TMB (oxTMB) with enhanced SERS signals, achieving colorimetric/SERS dual-model detection.

Reciprocal links between nocturnal sleep and activities of daily living: A longitudinal study of midlife and older couples.

Aim: This study aimed to explore the bidirectional temporal relationships between nocturnal sleep (duration and quality) and activities of daily living (ADL) in midlife and older couples, while analyzing cross-spousal effects to inform collaborative health interventions for aging populations.

Methods: The longitudinal study utilized three nationally representative waves of data (2015, 2018, 2020) from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). We included 2420 participants (1210 dyads).

A bidirectional interfacial engineering strategy for highly stable sodium metal batteries.

Sodium (Na) metal batteries (SMBs) are regarded as some of the most promising next-generation energy storage systems due to their high energy density. However, their practical application is severely hindered by interfacial instabilities at both the anode and cathode, which result in rapid capacity degradation during cycling. Here, we proposed a bidirectional interfacial regulation strategy that simultaneously stabilizes both electrode interfaces.

Preliminary exploration of prediction model and nomograph drawing of Doppler peak systolic velocity ratio, peak systolic velocity 1 and peak systolic velocity 2 of ophthalmic artery in pregnant women for small for gestational age infants.

Objective: To explore the predictive value of peak systolic velocity (PSV) ratio, PSV1 and PSV2 of ophthalmic artery Doppler in pregnant women for small for gestational age (SGA) infants and to construct a nomogram prediction model.

Methods: A total of 201 pregnant women who visited our hospital from March 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the research subjects, and their clinical data and ophthalmic artery Doppler parameters were collected. The data were randomly divided into a training set ( = 295) and a verification set ( = 126) in a 7:3 ratio.

Soluble Sema4D From γδ T Cells Exerts Osteoblast Inhibition via Plexin-B/mTOR Signalling Contributing to Pathogenesis of Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is a severe complication in patients undergoing long-term bisphosphonate therapy, while our knowledge on the pathogenesis of BRONJ is far from sufficient. Gamma delta (γδ) T cells predominantly distribute in mucosal tissues and play an important role in both immune modulation and bone metabolism; however, the mechanism of γδ T cells in the pathogenesis of BRONJ has not been elucidated. Here, we induced BRONJ-like lesions in wild-type (WT) and T-cell receptor delta-deficient (TCRδ) mice via intraperitoneal zoledronate injection.

Evaluation and Diagnosis of Regional Ammonia Emission Inventory in the Pearl River Delta Using Multisite NH Observations and Model Simulations.

Ammonia (NH) has attracted increasing attention for its reduction potential in fine particulate matter mitigation, yet current NH emission inventories involve substantial uncertainties. Previous bottom-up NH inventories are usually constrained by satellite observations, deposition measurements, or isotopic analysis and still lack careful validation at fine regional scales. This study develops a novel diagnostic framework combining multisite NH observations across the Pearl River Delta (PRD) with the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model simulations and machine learning techniques to evaluate and refine a regional NH inventory.

Screening for non-invasive rsRNA biomarkers to assess embryo quality utilizing ultra-sensitive pandora sequencing combined with machine learning.

Purpose: Accurate embryo selection is vital for the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF); however, existing morphological scoring methods are inherently subjective and fail to capture underlying molecular alterations. This study aimed to identify non-invasive molecular markers for embryo quality assessment by analyzing highly modified ribosomal small RNAs (rsRNAs) in embryo culture medium using ultra-sensitive sequencing and machine learning.

Methods: Ultra-sensitive Pandora sequencing was employed to profile rsRNAs in embryo culture medium.

Eco-engineered recombinant collagen III-PEG hydrogels with curcumin synergy for accelerated skin regeneration: A green crosslinking strategy in wound therapeutics.

The development of immunologically safe collagen-based hydrogels remains challenging due to risks associated with animal-derived collagens and toxic crosslinkers. Here, we report an eco-friendly hydrogel platform integrating recombinant humanized collagen type III (PCIII) expressed in Pichia pastoris with 4-arm PEG-SS via a one-step green crosslinking strategy. The engineered PEG-PCIII hydrogels exhibit tunable mechanics, enzymatic degradability, and rapid self-gelation through amine-NHS ester conjugation, while curcumin loading endows it with adjustable antioxidant activity.

Integration of nanowire-confined electroporation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and electroactivation of peracetic acid for eliminating intracellular resistance genes.

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most substantial challenges for global public health. To address the inefficient elimination of intracellular resistance genes (i-ARGs) in antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) by peracetic acid (PAA) oxidation, we developed an integration strategy (NW-EP/EA) of nanowire-confined electroporation (NW-EP) of ARB cells and nanowire-confined electroactivation (NW-EA) of PAA with a sequential oxidation-reduction process. The locally enhanced electric field and electrocatalytic activity over NW tips prompted the formation of electroporation pores on ARB cells and the generation of reactive ⋅OH and RO⋅ radicals by PAA electroactivation.

Starvation Influences the Microbiota in the Stomach of the Corallivorous Crown-of-Thorns Starfish.

The crown-of-thorns starfish (CoTS, spp.), is responsible for a considerable amount of coral loss in the tropical Indo-Pacific region. After decimating coral populations through predation, it is expected that CoTS will face food scarcity before coral recovery.

In Situ Exfoliation of Covalent Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhancing Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Two-dimensional nanosheets exhibit largely enhanced photocatalytic activities for hydrogen peroxide (HO) production. Conventionally, the nanosheets are fabricated through ex situ approaches (i.e.