In Situ Exfoliation of Covalent Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhancing Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Two-dimensional nanosheets exhibit largely enhanced photocatalytic activities for hydrogen peroxide (HO) production. Conventionally, the nanosheets are fabricated through ex situ approaches (i.e.

A cyclic trinuclear silver complex for photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide.

The development of metal complexes for photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) from pure water and oxygen using solar energy, especially in the absence of any additives (, acid, co-catalysts, and sacrificial agents), is a worthwhile pursuit, yet still remains highly challenging. More importantly, the O evolution from the water oxidation reaction has been impeded by the classic bottleneck, the photon-flux-density problem of sunlight that could be attributed to rarefied solar radiation for a long time. Herein, we reported synthesis of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based cyclic trinuclear silver complexes (Ag-CTC), and they exhibited strong visible-light absorption ability, a suitable energy bandgap, excellent photochemical properties and efficient charge separation ability.

Molecular Engineering of Metal-Organic Frameworks for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

The development of novel metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) as efficient photocatalysts for hydrogen peroxide production from water and oxygen is particularly interesting, yet remains a challenge. Herein, we have prepared four cyclic trinuclear units (CTUs) based MOFs, exhibiting good light absorption ability and suitable band gaps for photosynthesis of HO. However, Cu-CTU-based MOFs are not able to photocatalyzed the formation of HO, while the alteration of metal nodes from Cu-CTU to Ag-CTU dramatically enhances the photocatalytic performance for HO production and the production rates can reach as high as 17476 μmol g h with an apparent quantum yield of 4.

Functionalized reduced graphene oxide with aptamer macroarray for cancer cell capture and fluorescence detection.

An integrated aptamer macroarray functionalized with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to specifically capture and sensitively detect cancer cells is reported. The capture for cancer cells is based on effective recognition of the modified rGO surface through the aptamer against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM). The rough structure of rGO enhances morphologic interactions between rGO film interface and the cancer cells, while super-hydrophilicity of modified rGO hinders nonspecific cell capture.

Tumor-Penetrating Hierarchically Structured Nanomarker for Imaging-Guided Urinary Monitoring of Cancer.

The capacity to diagnose cancer with the existing endogenous biomarkers remains limited because biomarkers usually act at the tumor site and are thus challenging to be detected directly from body fluids with high sensitivity and specificity, especially in the early stage of tumorigenesis. Here, we demonstrate an exogenous tumor-penetrating nanomarker composed of fluorescent nanoparticles conjugated with specific fluorescein-labeled peptides. The injectable nanomarkers perform four functions: they penetrate the tumor, target sites of cancer, cleave specific peptides by on-target protease, and drop off the labeled peptide into host urine for fluorescent detection.

Fluorometric visualization of mucin 1 glycans on cell surfaces based on rolling-mediated cascade amplification and CdTe quantum dots.

A rolling-mediated cascade (RMC) amplification strategy is described for improved visualization of profiling glycans of mucin 1 (MUC 1) on cell surfaces. CdTe quantum dots (QDs) are used as fluorescent labels. The RMC based amplification allows even distinct glycoforms of MUC1 to be visualized on the surface of MCF-7 cell via an amplified Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging strategy that works at excitation/emission wavelengths of 345/610 nm.

Novel composite drug delivery system as a novel radio sensitizer for the local treatment of cervical carcinoma.

In this study, we investigated in vivo radiosensitizing effects of a gel-based dual drug delivery system (DDS) (PECE/DDP + mPEG-PCL/PTX, or PDMP) in a cervical cancer model, and determined its possible mechanisms of action. A xenograft cervical cancer model was used to investigate the radio sensitization effect of PDMP. Mice underwent paclitaxel (PTX) + cisplatin (DDP), PECE, or PDMP treatment followed by single radiation doses ranging from 0 Gy to 20 Gy.

Molecular Characterization, Gene Evolution, and Expression Analysis of the Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate Aldolase (FBA) Gene Family in Wheat ( L.).

Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a key plant enzyme that is involved in glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the Calvin cycle. It plays significant roles in biotic and abiotic stress responses, as well as in regulating growth and development processes. In the present paper, 21 genes encoding TaFBA isoenzymes were identified, characterized, and categorized into three groups: class I chloroplast/plastid (CpFBA), class I cytosol (cFBA), and class II chloroplast/plastid .

[Study on the Characteristics of Bone in Type-2 Diabetic Rats by Micro-CT].

Objectives: To study the characteristics of bone in type 2 diabetic rats using micro-CT.

Methods: Sixteen male Sprague Dawley(SD) rats, aged 8 week-old, were randomly divided into normal group and experimental group ( =10). Afer being fed with high-fat chow, the rats in experimental group were given low-dose streptozotocin (STZ,30 mg/kg) to induce type 2 diabetic disease.

[Expressions of Spinal Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor and Its Receptor CSF-1R in the Development ofComplicated Regional Pain Symptom I].

Objectives: To study the changes of mechanical allodynia and temperature hyperalgesia, as well as the expression of the spinal macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) and its receptor CSF-1R during the development of complicated regional pain symptom I(CRPS I).

Methods: The animal model of CRPS I was established using prolonged ischemia-reperfusion injury of rodent left hindpaw. The mechanical allodynia and temperature hyperalgesia of ipsilateral hindpaw were continuously measured for 14 d after reperfusion, and the expressions of spinal M-CSF and CSF-1R in ipsilateral spinal cord horn were measured with immunofluorescence technique on day 3, day 7 and day 14 after reperfusion.

[Effects of Different Concentrations of Glucose on the Osteogenic Differentiation of Orofacial Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells].

Objectives: To determine the effects of different concentrations of glucose on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of orofacial bonemesenchymal stem cells (OFMSCs).

Methods: OFMSCs were primarily cultured and identified to undergo osteogenic/adipogenic/chondrogenic differentiation. The cells were exposed to osteogenic medium containing different levels of glucose: 5.

[Effect of Epidural Volume Extension on Combined Spinal-anesthesia of Parturients in Women Undergoing Cesarean Delivery].

Objective: To evaluate the blocking characteristics of epidural volume extension on combined spinal-anesthesia of parturients undergoing cesarean delivery.

Methods: Eighty parturients were randomly allocated to one of four groups, receiving 0, 5, 10 or 15 mL normal saline, respectively, through epidural catheter at a rate of 0.5 mL/s (n = 20 in each group) after combined spinal-anesthesia with 11 mg intrathecally isobaric bupivacaine.

Tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms and risk of oral cancer: evidence from a meta-analysis.

Numerous studies have been conducted regarding association between TNF-α and oral cancer risk, but the results remain controversial. The present meta-analysis is performed to acquire a more precise estimation of relationships. Databases of Pubmed, the Cochrane library and the China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) were retrieved until August 10, 2013.

Large-area, continuous roll-to-roll nanoimprinting with PFPE composite molds.

Successful implementation of a high-speed roll-to-roll nanoimprinting technique for continuous manufacturing of electronic devices has been hindered due to lack of simple substrate preparation steps, as well as lack of durable and long lasting molds that can faithfully replicate nanofeatures with high fidelity over hundreds of imprinting cycles. In this work, we demonstrate large-area high-speed continuous roll-to-roll nanoimprinting of 1D and 2D micron to sub-100 nm features on flexible substrate using perfluoropolyether (PFPE) composite molds on a custom designed roll-to-roll nanoimprinter. The efficiency and reliability of the PFPE based mold for the dynamic roll-to-roll patterning process was investigated.

Comparison of Spinal Block Levels between Laboring and Nonlaboring Parturients Using Combined Spinal Epidural Technique with Intrathecal Plain Bupivacaine.

Background. It was suggested that labor may influence the spread of intrathecal bupivacaine using combined spinal epidural (CSE) technique. However, no previous studies investigated this proposition.

[Minimal dosages of fentanyl and sufentanil with bupivacaine for epidural analgesia in labor].

Objective: To estimate the minimal dosages of fentanyl and sufentanil in combination with 0.0625% W/V bupivacaine for epidural analgesia in labor.

Methods: Forty-six pregnant women with full term gestation who requested epidural analgesia in labor were enrolled in this up-down sequential allocation study.

[Accuracy of three different electronic apex locators in determination of perforation with various conditions in vitro].

Objective: To evaluate accuracy of Propex, Raypex 5, Root ZX electronic apex locator in positions of the perforation with different irrigations in the root canal.

Methods: Perforation lengths were measured with Propex, Raypex 5, Root ZX electronic apex locators in 19 extracted human teeth embedded in model after simulate perforation preparation by ultrasonic ET40 and compared with the actual canal length measurements taken before embedding the teeth in model. Measurements were taken with the different canal contents.

[Effect of focal irrigation with mild hypothermic artificial cerebral spinal fluid on the spinal ischemia/reperfusion injury].

Objective: To investigate the effect of focal irrigation with mild hypothermic artificial cerebral spinal fluid on the spinal ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Methods: Eighteen health male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group (Group NC), spinal ischemia-reperfusion group (Group SIR) and focal irrigation with mild hypothermic artificial cerebral spinal fluid group (Group FI). The rabbits in Group SIR and Group FI were subjected to spinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by clamping the infrarenal abdominal aorta.

Addition of low-dose ketamine to propofol-fentanyl sedation for gynecologic diagnostic laparoscopy: randomized controlled trial.

Study Objective: To assess the feasibility of propofol-fentanyl sedation protocol with ketamine for gynecologic diagnostic laparoscopy.

Design: Prospective, double-blind, randomized study (Canadian Task Force classification I).

Setting: Outpatient operating unit in a university hospital specializing in obstetrics and gynecology.

Effective colorectal cancer education for Asian Americans: a Michigan program.

Asian Americans are among the fastest growing population groups in the USA. Despite the fact that colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer for this group, Asian Americans have low CRC screening rates. An established health promotion program, Healthy Asian Americans Project (HAAP), expanded to include community-based CRC education during 2005-2006.

The efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in improving the quality of life in patients with problem wounds.

The unpredictable course followed by severe, chronic, non-healing wounds not only restricts the daily activities of affected patients, but also impairs their quality of life (QOL). Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) treatment for such wounds elevates tissue oxygen content, increases cellular repair functions and the probability of wound healing, and improves the patient's QOL. This was a longitudinal, prospective study, and used a purposive sampling method.

Postoperative sedation after major surgery with midazolam or propofol in the ICU: effects on amnesia and anxiety.

Background: Propofol and midazolam are commonly used in the ICU to alleviate physical and psychological disturbances in consequence of anxiety. This study was conducted to assess and compare the impact of postoperative sedation after major surgery with midazolam or propofol on amnesia and anxiety in conscious patients under intensive care.

Methods: One hundred and two adult patients irrespective of sex and age, receiving thoracic, abdominal or other major truncal surgery necessitating close care at the ICU, were randomly allocated into midazolam or propofol group.

[An experience of taking care of an adolescent spinal surgery patient suffering from scoliosis].

This case report describes the experience of taking care of an adolescent (nineteen year-old) girl, who needed spinal surgical treatment because of scoliosis. The author assessed the patient's condition by observation, interview, and the Gordon 11-item functional health pattern assessment guide. Because she had had no previous surgical experience, and faced changes in her bodily appearance, the adolescent had physical and psychological problems, such as acute pain, self-care deficit, anxiety, and body image disturbance.