Tunable dual-frequency erbium-doped fiber laser using two PS-FBGs and 100 MHz beating frequency.

A tunable dual-frequency fiber laser is a crucial in a precision measurement system, significantly influencing measurement accuracy and cost. Consequently, a low beating frequency is preferred in many applications, such as coherence measurement. This paper demonstrates a novel, to our knowledge, dual-frequency, erbium-doped fiber laser, utilizing the Vernier effect and dual phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings (PS-FBGs), with a beating frequency of 300 MHz.

Analysis of Electroacupuncture Parameters for Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Data Mining Approach.

Purpose: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a prevalent functional bowel disorder, has increasingly seen acupuncture incorporated into its clinical management. Despite this, a comprehensive summary of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation parameters and acupoint prescriptions tailored for IBS remains absent. This study endeavors to identify effective EA parameters for IBS through data mining methodologies.

Electrochemistry and Molecular Compositions Reflect Electron Shuttling of Dissolved Organic Matter in High Arsenic Groundwater.

Little is known about the electron shuttle ability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its effects on arsenic (As) mobilization, which makes the underlying mechanism of groundwater As enrichment elusive. In this study, both the electrochemical properties and molecular compositions of DOM in high As groundwater were quantified in the Hetao Basin, China. We found that, along the flow path, the average electron-transferring capacity (ETC) of DOM, including the capacities of electron-accepting and electron-donating, continuously increased from 2.

In Situ Delivery of Gasdermin E mRNA Promotes Antitumor Immunity via Creatine-Elicited Type I Interferon Signaling in Monocytes.

Local immunotherapy stimulates immune responses against tumors while avoiding adverse effects associated with systemic administration. However, current strategies for tumor-targeted in situ immunotherapy are still limited. mRNA-based gene therapy represents a promising strategy.

Quasi-1D NbTe for Broadband Pulse Generation from 1.0 to 3.0 μm: Bridging the Near- and Mid-Infrared.

Quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) transition metal chalcogenides (TMCs), a subclass of low-dimensional materials, have attracted significant attention due to their unique optical and electronic properties, making them promising candidates for nonlinear photonics. In this work, NbTe, a quasi-1D transition metal tetrachalcogenide, was synthesized and employed for the first time as a broadband saturable absorber (SA) for pulsed laser applications. The nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of NbTe were systematically characterized at 1.

The combination of rAAV pseudo-lipid nanoparticle and triamcinolone acetonide enables multi-administration to liver.

The multi-administration of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is limited largely by immunological barriers. Herein, a novel strategy, named rAAV pseudo-lipid nanoparticle combined with triamcinolone acetonide (LNP-rAAV + TAC), has been described in mice. We showed successful but low efficient triple trafficking by LNP-rAAV2 carrying EGFP, human factor IX (hFIX), and luciferase (luc), due to its encapsulation characteristic.

Large screen size transparent display using spectrum expanded light field holograms.

Holographic displays have the potential to reconstruct natural light field information, making them highly promising for applications in augmented reality (AR), head-up displays (HUD), and new types of transparent three-dimensional (3D) displays. However, current spatial light modulators (SLMs) are constrained by pixel size and resolution, limiting display size. Additionally, existing holographic displays have narrow viewing angles due to device diffraction limits, algorithms, and optical configurations.

Groundwater arsenic and antimony mobility from an antimony mining area: Controls of sulfide oxidation, carbonate and silicate weathering, and secondary mineral precipitation.

Sulfide mineral oxidation has been recognized as the key driver of arsenic (As) and antimony (Sb) mobility in mining-impacted groundwater. However, the role of carbonate and silicate weathering and secondary mineral precipitation in this process remain unknown. A comprehensive geochemical study of groundwater was conducted in an Sb-mining area, Hunan, China, with samples collected from aquifers of the Xikuangshan Formation (Dx), the Shetianqiao Formation (Ds ), and the Lower Carboniferous Formation (Cy).

Deciphering the molecular basis of lipoprotein recognition and transport by LolCDE.

Outer membrane (OM) lipoproteins serve vital roles in Gram-negative bacteria, contributing to their pathogenicity and drug resistance. For these lipoproteins to function, they must be transported from the inner membrane (IM), where they are assembled, to the OM by the ABC transporter LolCDE. We have previously captured structural snapshots of LolCDE in multiple states, revealing its dynamic conformational changes.

[Effects of Extreme Environments on Human Sleep].

Recently, with the rapid growth of the global population and the exhaustion of resources, exploration activities in extreme environments such as the polar regions, the outer space, the deep sea, the deep underground and highlands are becoming increasingly more frequent. This in-depth exploration of the external environment and the consequent dramatic changes in lifestyles impact on sleep, a basic life activity of humans, in ways that cannot be overlooked. the basic life activity of human beings.

Smooth muscle NF90 deficiency ameliorates diabetic atherosclerotic calcification in male mice via FBXW7-AGER1-AGEs axis.

Hyperglycemia accelerates calcification of atherosclerotic plaques in diabetic patients, and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) is closely related to the atherosclerotic calcification. Here, we show that hyperglycemia-mediated AGEs markedly increase vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) NF90/110 activation in male diabetic patients with atherosclerotic calcified samples. VSMC-specific NF90/110 knockout in male mice decreases obviously AGEs-induced atherosclerotic calcification, along with the inhibitions of VSMC phenotypic changes to osteoblast-like cells, apoptosis, and matrix vesicle release.

Analysis of the relationship between starch molecular conformation and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency.

Resistant starch (RS) is important in controlling diabetes. The primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of molecular conformation on the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of starch by α-amylase. And the interactions between starch molecules with different conformations and α-amylase were analysed by using molecule dynamics simulation and molecular docking.

The oxidant-antioxidant imbalance was involved in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Although oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiological process of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), the specific underlying mechanism is still unclear. Whether antioxidant therapy can treat CRSwNP needs further investigation.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, western blotting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses were performed to detect the distribution and expression of oxidants and antioxidants in nasal polyp tissues.

Analysis of the mechanism of resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis of RS-5 resistant starch.

RS-5 refers to the resistant starch formed by complexation of starch molecules with other molecules. In this study, the molecular mechanism of RS-5 was analysed. First, it was found, when α-amylase acted on the starch-lipid complexes, the glucose residues involved in complexation cannot be hydrolyzed by α-amylase, while the glucose residues not directly involved in complexation can be hydrolyzed.

Observation of Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Toroidal Vortices of Light.

In this Letter, we explore the intersection of chirality and recently discovered toroidal spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs). We introduce "photonic conchs" theoretically as a new type of toroidal-like state exhibiting geometrical chirality, and experimentally observe these wave packets with controllable topological charges. Unlike toroidal STOVs, photonic conchs exhibit unique chirality-related dynamical evolution in free space and possess an orbital angular momentum correlated with all the dimensions of space-time.

Automotive Augmented Reality Head-Up Displays.

As the next generation of in-vehicle intelligent platforms, the augmented reality heads-up display (AR-HUD) has a huge information interaction capacity, can provide drivers with auxiliary driving information, avoid the distractions caused by the lower head during the driving process, and greatly improve driving safety. However, AR-HUD systems still face great challenges in the realization of multi-plane full-color display, and they cannot truly achieve the integration of virtual information and real road conditions. To overcome these problems, many new devices and materials have been applied to AR-HUDs, and many novel systems have been developed.

Tumor-secreted FGF21 acts as an immune suppressor by rewiring cholesterol metabolism of CD8T cells.

Tumors employ diverse strategies for immune evasion. Unraveling the mechanisms by which tumors suppress anti-tumor immunity facilitates the development of immunotherapies. Here, we have identified tumor-secreted fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) as a pivotal immune suppressor.

A Single-Atom Manganese Nanozyme Mn-N/C Promotes Anti-Tumor Immune Response via Eliciting Type I Interferon Signaling.

Tumor microenvironment (TME)-induced nanocatalytic therapy is a promising strategy for cancer treatment, but the low catalytic efficiency limits its therapeutic efficacy. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are a new type of nanozyme with incredible catalytic efficiency. Here, a single-atom manganese (Mn)-N/C nanozyme is constructed.

Single-frequency fiber lasers based on metal thiophosphites with sub-kHz linewidths.

Metal thiophosphites (CrPX) (X = S and Se), emerging layered metal chalcogenophosphate materials, have found extensive utility in the fields of advanced electronic devices, magnetic technologies, and electrochemical systems. However, their applications in single-frequency fiber lasers have been relatively limited. Here, liquid phase exfoliation technology is used to exfoliate the CrPX into few-layered samples.

VTe: Broadband Saturable Absorber for Passively Q-Switched Lasers in the Near- and Mid-Infrared Regions.

In this study, we demonstrate the fabrication of a novel 2D transition metal dichalcogenide, VTe, into a saturable absorber (SA) by using the liquid phase exfoliation method. Furthermore, the first-principles calculations were conducted to elucidate the electronic band structures and absorption spectrum. The nonlinear optical absorption properties of VTe at 1.

The attitudes of postgraduate medical students towards the curriculum by degree type: a large-scale questionnaire survey.

Background: Chinese medical schools have offered both professional and academic degrees for postgraduate students. However, there is limited information about the attitudes of professional-degree and academic-degree students. We aimed to examine the attitudes of full-time postgraduate students towards the curriculum, stratified by degree type.

Sacubitril/valsartan attenuates myocardial inflammation, hypertrophy, and fibrosis in rats with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) represents a multifaceted syndrome related to complex pathologic mechanisms. Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/val) has demonstrated therapeutic efficacy in HFpEF treatment. However, additional research is required to elucidate its pharmacological mechanisms.

Giant unilateral electric-field control of magnetic anisotropy in MgO/RhCoSb heterojunctions.

A large voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) effect is highly desirable for applications of voltage-torque magnetic random access memory. In this work, the dependence of magnetic anisotropy (MA) on the electric field in a MgO-based heterojunction consisting of a new Heusler alloy, RhCoSb, is studied using first-principles calculations. We find that the Rh-terminated MgO/RhCoSb heterojunction has a perpendicular MA and a giant VCMA coefficient of 7024 fJ V m.