Peritransplant lysine methyltransferase 2a-rearranged measurable residual disease dynamics as a prognostic marker in adult acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: This study examined the impact of measurable residual disease (MRD) dynamics in adults with lysine methyltransferase 2a rearrangement (KMT2Ar) in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during the peritransplant period (before and early after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [HSCT]).

Methods: This study involved 144 adult patients with AML with KMT2Ar who underwent HSCT between 2015 and 2024. Patients were enrolled if they survived without relapse for at least 3 months post-HSCT.

Efficacy and Safety of the Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Zanubrutinib in Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is characterized by impaired platelet production and increased platelet destruction. Zanubrutinib is a highly selective next-generation Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that may reduce autoantibody production and reduce macrophage Fcγ receptor-mediated platelet destruction. In this single-arm, phase II study, we aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of zanubrutinib in corticosteroid-resistant or relapsed ITP.

Spatiotemporal Moiré lattice light fields.

Joint space-time modulation of light fields has recently garnered intense attention for enabling precise control over both spatial and temporal characteristics of light, leading to the creation of space-time beams with unique properties, such as diffraction-free propagation and transverse orbital angular momentum. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate spatiotemporal Moiré lattice light fields by controlling the discrete rotational symmetry of a pulse's spatiotemporal spectrum. Using a 4 pulse shaper and an - modulation strategy, we generate tunable spatiotemporal Moiré patterns with varying sublattice sizes and confirm their diffraction-free behavior in time-averaged intensities.

Tailoring spatiotemporal wavepackets via two-dimensional space-time duality.

Spatiotemporal (ST) beams-ultrafast optical wavepackets with customized spatial and temporal characteristics-present a significant contrast to conventional spatial-structured light and hold the potential to revolutionize our understanding and manipulation of light. However, progress in ST beam research has been constrained by the absence of a universal framework for its analysis and generation. Here, we introduce the concept of 'two-dimensional space-time duality', establishing a foundational duality between spatial-structured light and ST beams.

Correlation Between Fecal Microbiota and Corticosteroid Responsiveness in Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: an Exploratory Study.

Corticosteroids (CSs) are the initial therapy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP); however, their efficacy is not adequately predicted. As a novel biomarker, the composition of the gut microbiota is non-invasively tested and altered in patients with ITP. This study aims to develop a predictive model that leverages gut microbiome data to predict the CS response in patients with ITP within the initial four weeks of treatment.

The Application of Mendelian Randomization in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction: Current Status and Future Prospects.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, and is associated with a wide range of risk factors, and genetically associated conditions. While many CVDs are preventable and early detection alongside treatment can significantly mitigate complication risks, current prediction models for CVDs need enhancements for better accuracy. Mendelian randomization (MR) offers a novel approach for estimating the causal relationship between exposure and outcome by using genetic variation in quasi-experimental data.

Menin inhibitors for acute myeloid leukemia: latest updates from the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting.

Recent developments in menin inhibitors for relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were highlighted at the 2023 ASH Annual Meeting. Notably, revumenib showed promising efficacy, achieving a 100% ORR when combined with decitabine/cedazuridine and venetoclax. These findings underscore the potential of menin inhibitors in transforming AML treatment, particularly in genetically defined subgroups, offering hope for improved patient outcomes.

Clinical characteristics of membranous nephropathy after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A real-world multicenter study.

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a rare complication that can occur after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). MN patients may develop nephrotic syndrome or even kidney failure, which greatly affects their quality of life and prognosis. However, current knowledge regarding MN after allo-HSCT is limited.

Safety and efficacy of baricitinib in steroid-resistant or relapsed immune thrombocytopenia: An open-label pilot study.

Patients with steroid-resistant or relapsed immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) suffer increased bleeding risk and impaired quality of life. Baricitinib, an oral Janus-associated kinases (JAK) inhibitor, could alleviate both innate and adaptive immune disorders without inducing thrombocytopenia in several autoimmune diseases. Accordingly, an open-label, single-arm, phase 2 trial (NCT05446831) was initiated to explore the safety and efficacy of baricitinib in ITP.

Observation of Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Toroidal Vortices of Light.

In this Letter, we explore the intersection of chirality and recently discovered toroidal spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs). We introduce "photonic conchs" theoretically as a new type of toroidal-like state exhibiting geometrical chirality, and experimentally observe these wave packets with controllable topological charges. Unlike toroidal STOVs, photonic conchs exhibit unique chirality-related dynamical evolution in free space and possess an orbital angular momentum correlated with all the dimensions of space-time.

Performance of the 2019 ACR/EULAR Classification Criteria for IgG4-Related Disease in a Large Chinese Cohort.

Objective: The purpose of this research was to ascertain the effectiveness of the newly established criteria for classifying IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), as applied to a large Chinese cohort in real-world clinical settings.

Methods: Patient data were procured from the digital health records of 4 prominent academic hospitals. The criterion standard for identifying IgG4-RD patients was from a seasoned rheumatologist.

A life-threatening bleeding prediction model for immune thrombocytopenia based on personalized machine learning: a nationwide prospective cohort study.

Rare but critical bleeding events in primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) present life-threatening complications in patients with ITP, which severely affect their prognosis, quality of life, and treatment decisions. Although several studies have investigated the risk factors related to critical bleeding in ITP, large sample size data, consistent definitions, large-scale multicenter findings, and prediction models for critical bleeding events in patients with ITP are unavailable. For the first time, in this study, we applied the newly proposed critical ITP bleeding criteria by the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis for large sample size data and developed the first machine learning (ML)-based online application for predict critical ITP bleeding.

Severe/critical COVID-19 early warning system based on machine learning algorithms using novel imaging scores.

Background: Early identification of severe/critical coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is crucial for timely treatment and intervention. Chest computed tomography (CT) score has been shown to be a significant factor in the diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia, however, there is currently a lack of effective early warning systems for severe/critical COVID-19 based on dynamic CT evolution.

Aim: To develop a severe/critical COVID-19 prediction model using a combination of imaging scores, clinical features, and biomarker levels.

Tacrolimus prevents complement-mediated Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and pyroptosis of mesenchymal stem cells from immune thrombocytopenia.

The abnormal immunomodulatory functions of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been implicated in the development of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Recent studies have suggested important effects of complement on immune cell function. However, whether complement modulates bone marrow MSCs function in ITP is poorly defined.

Ethical review of off-label drugs during the COVID-19 pandemic.

High-quality scientific research is very important in attempting to effectively control the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and ensure people's health and safety. Chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have received much attention. This article comprehensively investigates the ethical review of off-label CQ and HCQ research during the COVID-19 pandemic with regard to strictly abiding by review standards, improving review efficiency, ensuring the rights and interests of subjects and that ethics committees conduct independent reviews, and achieving full ethics supervision of research conducted during an emergency.

Inflammasome as a Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis: A Focus on Potassium Outflow.

Atherosclerosis is a risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, and is linked to high rates of morbidity and mortality across the globe. Although numerous complex processes are involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, the exact mechanisms behind its pathogenesis remain unclear. Inflammation and endothelial cell damage exert a lasting effect on atherosclerosis, causing lipid and fibrous tissue accumulation in the intima of the artery to form plaques, and subsequently promoting atherosclerosis.

Meta-Analysis of the Association Between Asthma and the Risk of Stroke.

Introduction: Asthma and stroke share many risk factors. Previous meta-analysis has indicated that asthma is associated with an increased risk of stroke. However, this study were limited by the small number of articles included and the lack of subgroup analyses of different stroke types and different populations.

Association Between Asthma and All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Morbidity and Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

Background: Asthma and cardiovascular disease (CVD) share many risk factors. Previous meta-analyses indicated that asthma is associated with an increased risk of CVD and all-cause mortality, but these studies were limited by unstandardized search strategies and the number of articles included.

Objective: We sought to systematically synthesize evidence investigating the impact of asthma on all-cause mortality and CVD morbidity and mortality.

Rationale and design of REGULATE: an observational study protocol for relationship between plasma metabolome and the efficacy of systemic glucocorticoid in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Background: Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) significantly increases the mortality of patients with COPD. Guidelines have recommended systemic glucocorticoid as a regular treatment. Recently, evidence has shown that systemic glucocorticoid cannot be a benefit to all of the patients with AECOPD.