Rapid formation of acetaldehyde and its influence on ozone formation in a petrochemical industrialized region.

Acetaldehyde plays a significant role in atmospheric photochemical reactions and ozone formation. Previous studies have shown that acetaldehyde may rapidly be generated over short periods and impact ozone production, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. To better elucidate these mechanisms, a field campaign was conducted in Dongying, a typical petrochemical city in China.

The effect of plasma exosomal microRNA- 148a- 3p on the CD4 T cell function and its mechanism in the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

Psoriasis represents a chronic inflammatory skin disease occurring globally. We investigated the role of plasma exosomal microRNA (miR)- 148a- 3p and its target gene Bim in psoriasis. Plasma exosomes (Exos) and CD4 T cells were extracted from psoriatic patients.

Marine sources of formaldehyde in the coastal atmosphere.

Elevated concentrations of formaldehyde and other carbonyl compounds are frequently observed in the marine atmosphere but are often significantly underestimated by atmospheric models. To evaluate the potential impact of marine sources on atmospheric formaldehyde, high-resolution measurements were conducted at a coastal site (∼15 m from the sea) during the summer in Qingdao, China. Observed formaldehyde levels averaged 2.

Correlation and Clinical Significance of HBD-2 and CXCL-1/2 Levels at Skin Lesions with Psoriasis Vulgaris Severity.

Objective: This study was performed to explore the clinical significance of the expression of human beta-defensin 2 (HBD-2) and chemokine ligand 1/2 (CXCL-1/2) in psoriasis vulgaris.

Methods: This study retrospectively included the study group (n = 160) and control group (n = 100) for analysis. The levels of inflammatory indicators, blood biochemical indicators, and immune indicators using ELISA.

Carbonyl Compounds Regulate Atmospheric Oxidation Capacity and Particulate Sulfur Chemistry in the Coastal Atmosphere.

Carbonyl compounds play a crucial role in the formation of ozone (O) and secondary aerosols, with recent studies particularly highlighting formaldehyde (HCHO) as a significant contributor to the missing particulate sulfur. However, evaluations based on field observations are limited, especially in clean marine environments. Utilizing observation data from a coastal mountain site in May 2021 in Qingdao, northern China, we reveal the important regulating effect of carbonyls in atmospheric oxidation capacity and particulate sulfur chemistry using detailed chemical box models.

Quantifying HONO Production from Nitrate Photolysis in a Polluted Atmosphere.

The photolysis of particulate nitrate (pNO) has been suggested to be an important source of nitrous acid (HONO) in the troposphere. However, determining the photolysis rate constant of pNO () suffers from high uncertainty. Prior laboratory measurements of using aerosol filters have been complicated by the "shadow effect"─a phenomenon of light extinction within aerosol layers that potentially skews these measurements.

Resistance to Planthoppers and Southern Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus in Rice Germplasms.

The damage caused by the white-back planthopper (WBPH, ) and brown planthopper (BPH, ), as well as southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), considerably decreases the grain yield of rice. Identification of rice germplasms with sufficient resistance to planthoppers and SRBSDV is essential to the breeding and deployment of resistant varieties and, hence, the control of the pests and disease. In this study, 318 rice accessions were evaluated for their reactions to the infestation of both BPH and WBPH at the seedling stage using the standard seed-box screening test method; insect quantification was further conducted at the end of the tillering and grain-filling stages in field trials.

Evolution of Ozone Formation Sensitivity during a Persistent Regional Ozone Episode in Northeastern China and Its Implication for a Control Strategy.

In recent years, the magnitude and frequency of regional ozone (O) episodes have increased in China. We combined ground-based measurements, observation-based model (OBM), and the Weather Research and Forecasting and Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model to analyze a typical persistent O episode that occurred across 88 cities in northeastern China during June 19-30, 2021. The meteorological conditions, particularly the wind convergence centers, played crucial roles in the evolution of O pollution.

The attitudes of postgraduate medical students towards the curriculum by degree type: a large-scale questionnaire survey.

Background: Chinese medical schools have offered both professional and academic degrees for postgraduate students. However, there is limited information about the attitudes of professional-degree and academic-degree students. We aimed to examine the attitudes of full-time postgraduate students towards the curriculum, stratified by degree type.

Pathological Changes of Small Vessel Disease in Intracerebral Hemorrhage: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

In intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) with pathology-proven etiology, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to elucidate the association between cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and arteriolosclerosis, and directly compared MRI and pathological changes of markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Studies enrolling primary ICH who had received an etiological diagnosis through biopsy or autopsy were searched using Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, and Web of Science from inception to June 8, 2022. We extracted pathological changes of CSVD for each patient whenever available.

Summertime carbonyl compounds in an urban area in the North China Plain: Identification of sources, key precursors and their contribution to O formation.

Carbonyl compounds are critical components of volatile organic compounds, which significantly participate in the photochemical formation of atmospheric ozone and thus threaten human health. Here we measured 15 C-C carbonyl compounds at an urban site in Linyi, a typically industrialised city in the North China Plain (NCP). Formaldehyde (3.

Modulation effect of vaginal mucosal microflora and susceptibility to Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: The vaginal microbiota may modulate susceptibility to Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) infections. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between these NG infections and the vaginal microbiota.

Method: A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the correlation of vaginal microbiota and NG risk.

Lipoxin A4 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced production of inflammatory cytokines in keratinocytes by up-regulating SOCS2 and down-regulating TRAF6.

Liopxin A4 (LXA4) is considered to be a crucial modulator in the inflammatory responses. In the present study, we aimed to study the effect of LXA4 on the inflammatory cytokines production induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the possible mechanism in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). NHEKs were isolated and cultured.

Lipoxin A4 inhibits proliferation and inflammatory cytokine/chemokine production of human epidermal keratinocytes associated with the ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways.

Background: Current in vitro studies show that lipoxin A4 (LXA4) has multiple biological functions including inhibiting cell proliferation and inflammatory cytokine production. Our previous studies showed LXA4 could inhibit the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). However, more specific effects including regulation of cell proliferation and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of LXA4 in NHEKs have not been previously studied.